CQ2 DP1 Groups experiencing Health Inequities

Question 1

Groups Experiencing Health Inequities

Answer 1

ATSI

People in Rural / Remote Areas

Low SES People

Overseas Born People

Elderly

People with Disabilities

Question 2

Health Inequities Points

Answer 2

Nature and Extent of Health inequities

Sociocultural / economic / environmental determinants

Roles of Individuals, communities and governments in addressing inequities

Question 3

ATSI - Extent of health inequities

Answer 3

Lower Life Expectancy - 8 Years less

Higher Death Rates - 3x higher (2015 - 19)

Higher Infant Mortality - 5.4 per 1000 vs 3 per 1000

Burden of Disease - Higher mortality rates from preventable causes

Question 4

ATSI Socioeconomic Determinants

Answer 4

Higher rates of unemployment

Lower Mean Income

Less likely to complete higher education

Lower levels of home ownership

In recent years, improvements have been made for ATSI in these

Question 5

Socioeconomic Determinants

Answer 5

Income, Employment, Education, Housing

Question 6

Sociocultural Determinants

Answer 6

Family, peers, media, religion, culture

Question 7

ATSI Sociocultural Determinants

Answer 7

Being removed from families
- Higher risk of emotional / behaviour problems

Incompatability with legal, political, educational systems
- Lack of ATSI representation
- Jail
- Less education

Behavioural risk factors
- Smoking
- Poor nutrition
- Alcohol

Lack of Role Models
Remoteness
Communal Approach to Family

Question 8

Environmental Determinants

Answer 8

Geographic Location, access to health services and technology

Question 9

ATSI Environmental Determinants

Answer 9

15% live in remote areas

Poor Housing standards
Inadequate Clean water

Lack of Infrastructure (transport / med)

Poor communication (telephone / internet)

Question 10

People In Rural and Remote Areas

Answer 10

28% live in rural areas

Higher rates of morality (1.5x) and illness

Question 11

Rural / Remote Areas More Likely to

Answer 11

Drink alcohol excessively

Lower education

Reduced access to specialist med services

Riskier Occupations

Road accidents

Question 12

Rural / Remote Determinants

Answer 12

Fewer education / employment opportunities

Lower Income

Less or no access to faciliities (med, recreational, food)

Surrounded by family / peers who engage in similar risk behaviours

Difficulty for gov to provide health services

Question 13

Rural / Remote Roles of Communities in addressing inequities

Answer 13

Communities: need to make their area attractive for med specialists to live in

Gov: Identified areas
- Attract and retain med professionals
- Sustainable health services + accessible + convienent

Question 14

People from Low SES

Answer 14

Lower life expectancy

Higher rates of diabetes, lung cancer, CVD

Less educated about health

More likely to smoke and drink

Medicare helps to address needs of Low SES

Question 15

Overseas Born People

Answer 15

Have better health status than AUS born, more financially secure
- Due to strict conditions about their health

May have higher rates of mental illness if they come from war zones / don’t speak english / trouble in resettling process

Higher cause of death from drowning (may be used to inland settlements)

Question 16

Elderly

Answer 16

13% of population

Major causes of death: CVD, dementia, cancer

Arthritis is most common condition

High rates of hospital visits (50%)

Question 17

People With Disabilities

Answer 17

4.4 Million Aussies affected (2018)

Prevalence Decreased slightly over 10 years

72% were overweight / obese, 14% smoking, 29% high BP

Suffer inequities due to financial constraints and limited access to health services