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CNS Anatomy > Cranial Cavity > Flashcards

Cranial Cavity Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Function of dural folds

A

They help stabilize the brain within the cranial cavity during movements of the head

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2
Q

Describe attachments of falx cerebri & inclusded sinuses

A

Apex, attached to crista galli & frontal crest
Base to tentorium cerebelli lodging straight sinus
Upper border to sagittal sulcus lodging SSS
Lower border encloses ISS

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3
Q

Describe attachments of falx cerebelli and included sinuses

A

Apex: attached to margin of foramen magnus
Base: attached to tentorium cerebelli
Posteriorly: attached to internal occipital crest encosing occipital sulcus
Anterior free border

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4
Q

Tentorium cereblli forms roof of ……

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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5
Q

Describe attachments of tentorium cerebelli

A

Attached to lips of transverse sulcus + posterior clinoid process
Free border forming U-shaped tentorial notch between anterior clinoid processes for passage of midbrain

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6
Q

As regards the tentorium, at the point of cross of its two margins…..is related, & ……is ant to point of crossing.

A

4th CN
3rd CN

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7
Q

Diaphragma sellae has opening for passage of…..

A

Infundibulum of pituitary gland

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8
Q

Describe blood supply of dura

A

Ant cranial fossa: ant & posterior ethmoidal arts + middle meningeal artery
Middle cranial fossa: middle & accessory meningeak + ascending pharyngeal
Posterior cranial fossa: meningeal branches of vertebral, occipital & ascending pharyngeal arts

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9
Q

Describe nerve supply of dura

A

ACF: ethmoidal mainly, maxillary partly
MCF: maxillary ant 1/2, mandibular post 1/2
PCF meningeal branches of 10th & 12th ns + recurrent branches of C1,2,3
The recurrent tentorial branch supplies the tentorium cerebelli

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10
Q

Dura is drained by….&…..

A

Meningeal veins drain into dural sinuses
Diploic veins

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11
Q

Mention 2 possible results of skull trauma

A

Extradural: arterial mainly middle meningeal art causes cerebral compression, less common
Subdural: venous, cerebral compression & RBC in CSF, more common

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12
Q

Mention multiple sinuses of the dura

A
  1. Intercavernous (ant,middle &post): connect two cavernous sinuses
  2. Basilar plexus of veins: connect 2 inf petrosal sinus
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13
Q

SSS begins at…..&end at….to continue as….

A

Crista galli
Internal occipital protuberance
Right transverse sinus

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14
Q

…..veins drain into SSS

A

Superior cerebral

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15
Q

Mention factors that control passage of blood outside cavernous sinuses

A

Pulsactions of ICA
Gravity
Position of head

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16
Q

Describe external relations of caverbous sinus

A

Ant: superior orbital fissure & apex of orbit
Post: apex of petrous temporal bone & crus cerebri of midbrain
Lat: temporl lobe
Med: pituitary gland & sphenoid air sinus
Sup: optic tarct & ICA
Inf: foramen lacerum

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17
Q

Mention structures in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

A

Oculomotor (divides into its two divisions anteriorly, trochlear, ophthalmic (divides into its 3 divisions anteriorly), maxillary nerve (passes through foramen rotundum)

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18
Q

Mention structures passing through carverous sinus

A

ICA with its sympathetic plexus & abducent nerve (inferoletral to the artery)

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19
Q

Describe resukt of fracture of anterior cranial fossa

A
  1. Bleeding and CSF discharge through nose (cerebrospinal rhinorrhea)
  2. Hemorrhage into orbital cavity & beneath conjunctiva (Black eye)
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20
Q

Mention contents of superior obital fissue from lateral to medial

A

Lacrimal, frontal, trochlear (oustside tendinous arch)
Superior division of oculomotor, nasocilliray, inferior division of oculomotor, abducent (inside tendinous arch)

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21
Q

Mention structures passing in foramen ovale

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A

Mandibular nerve, motor division of V, accessory meningeal art, lesser petrosal nerve, emissary vein

22
Q

Mention structures passing in foramen spinosum

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A
  1. Middle meningeal artery
  2. Meningeal branch of mandibular
23
Q

GR: the middle Cranial fossa is the weakest part

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A

Due to many foramina it contains, sphenoid air sinus & middle ear cavity.

24
Q

What happens in case of middle cranial fossa fracture?

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A

Bleeding & discharge CSF from ear
VI & VII CN are involved

25
Mention the largest & deepest cranial fossa
Posterior
26
Mention structures passing jugular foramen
1. Inferior petrosal sinus (anteromedial) 2. IJV (posterolateral) 3. 9th, 10th, 11th CNs (intermediate compartment)
27
What happens in case of posterior cranial fossa fracture?
Bleeding into pharynx Blood escapes into nape of the neck & collects in posterior triangle of neck
28
Mention tributaries of cavernous sinus
From orbit: sup & inf ophthalmic veins & central retinal From brain: superficial middle cerebral vein, inf cerebral veins from temporal lobe From meninges: sphenoparietal sinus & forntal trunk of middle meningeal vein
29
Desceibe drainage if cavernous sinus
Sup petrosal sinus to tranverse sinus Inf petrosal sinus to IJV
30
Describe communications of cavernous sinsus
Pterygoid plexus via emissary veins Facial v via sup opthalamic vein The other sinus via 3 intercavernous sinuses
31
Thrombosis of cavernous sinus affects …..CNs
III, IV, VI
32
Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula leads to….
Uniltaeral pulsating exophthalmos
33
Inferior sagittal sinus is joined with……
Great cerebral vein
34
Stright sinus continues as….. Transverse sinus unites with……to form….
Left transverse sinus Suoerior petrosal sinus Sigmoid sinus
35
Mention emissary veins connected to superior sagittal sinus
With scalp through parietal foramen With nasal veinsthrough foramen caecum
36
Mention emissary veins connected to cavernous sinus
With pterygoid plexus, internal jugular vein (via inferior petrosal sinus) & facial vein
37
Mention emissary veins connected to simoid sinus
With internal jugular vein, occipital vein & suboccipital plexus
38
The trigeminal ganglion occupies a space of dura called…..
Cavum trigeminale
39
Middle meningeal art passes between roots of…..&grooves……
Auriculotemporal Squamous part of temporal bone
40
Describe the supply given by middle meningeal arteries
Small branches to dura mater it is predominantly a periosteal artery supplying skull bones. It doesn’t supply brain or piaor anachnoid
41
……is the thinnest part of the skull & is liable to fracture
Pterion
42
Motor root of V passes through….to join….in
Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve Infratemporal fossa
43
Accessory minenigeal aretry passes through….
Foramen ovale
44
GR: Contralateral hemiplegia results from middle m.a. tear
As the frontal branch is commonly involved resulting in pressure on motor area
45
Regarding middle meningeal vein, the frontal trunk ends in …..while parietal ends in….
Pterygoid venous plexus or sphenoparietal or cavernous sinus Pterygoid v.p.
46
Enumerate parts of ICA
Cervical, pertrous, cavernous & cerebral parts
47
The ICA terminates as…..
Ant & middle meningeal arts
48
Enumerate branches of petrous part of ICA
Corticotympanic & pterygoid branches
49
Enumerate branches of cavernous part of ICA
Branches to trigerminal ganglion Hypophyseal branch Meningesl branch to ant cranial fossa
50
Enumerate branches of cerebral part of ICA
Opthalmic, posterior communicating, ant choroidal & terminal branches.

CNS Anatomy (19 decks)

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