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Anatomy Exam 4 > Cranial Nerve Overview > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the cranial nerves emerge from?

A

most emerge from the brain or brainstem

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2
Q

CN I

A

olfactory

fiber type: special sensory

cranial exit: cribriform plate

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3
Q

What is the pathway of CN I ? target?

A

olfactory bulb >

cribriform foramina >

olfactory nerves in nasal cavity>

target: olfactory nerves in nasal mucosa

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4
Q

CN II

A

Optic

fiber type: special sensory

cranial exit: optic canal

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5
Q

CN II pathway? Target?

A

optic chiasm >

optic nerve >

optic canal >

target: retina (sight)

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6
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor nerve

fiber type: motor and parasympathetic

cranial exit: superior orbital fissure

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7
Q

Motor pathway of CN III

A

cavernous sinus >

superior orbital fissure >

muscles located in orbit>

target: levator palpebrae superioris muscle, EOM: superior, medial, inferior rectus and oblique

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8
Q

Parasympathetic pathway of CN III

A

cavernous sinus >

superior orbital fissure >

ciliary ganglion * >

target: ciliary muscles and sphincter pupillae muscle

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9
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear nerve

fiber type: somatic motor

cranial exit: superior orbital fissure

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10
Q

Pathway of CN IV

A

cavernous sinus >

superior orbital fissure >

superior orbit >

target: superior oblique muscle

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11
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal

somatic motor and somatic sensory

3 divisions: ophthalmic (CN V1), maxillary (CN V2), mandibular (CN V3)

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12
Q

CN V1, ophthalmic divison

A

somatic sensory

cranial exit: superior orbital fissure

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13
Q

Pathway of CN V1, ophthalmic

A

trigeminal ganglion>

superior orbital fissure>

through orbit >

target: skin of forehead, scalp, upper eyelid, cornea, mucosa of anterior nasal cavity and frontal/ethmoid sinuses

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14
Q

CN V2, maxillary

A

somatic sensory

cranial exit: foramen rotundum

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15
Q

Pathway of CN V2

A

trigeminal ganglion >

foramen rotundum>

branches travel through pterygopalatine fossa to either inferior orbital fissure and orbit or inferior targets

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16
Q

targets of CN V2

A

skin of face, lower eyelid, upper lip, maxillary teeth and gingivae, maxillary sinuses, mucosa of posterior nasal cavity and hard & soft palate

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17
Q

CN V3

A

mandibular divison of trigeminal

somatic motor and sensory

cranial exit: foramen ovale

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18
Q

Pathway CN V3

A

trigeminal ganglion >

foramen ovale>

branches (i.e lingual nerve) >

travels inferior, posterior or anterior to targets

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19
Q

Targets of CN V3

A

somatic sensory: skin of scalp, face, cheek and lower lip, external TM, mandibular teeth and gingivae, anterior 2/3rds of tongue

somatic motor: muscles of mastication, anterior belly of digastric, mylohypoid, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani muscles

20
Q

CN VI

A

abducent

somatic motor

cranial exit: superior orbital fissure

21
Q

CN VI pathway

A

cavernous sinus >

superior orbital fissure >

lateral orbit >

target: lateral rectus muscle

22
Q

CN VII

A

facial nerve

fiber types: somatic motor, special sensory, parasympathetic

cranial exit: stylomastoid foramen

23
Q

what nerve travels with the facial nerve?

A

sympathetic fibers from deep petrosal nerve

24
Q

pathway of CN VII

A

enters internal acoustic meatus>

gives off 3 branches within facial canal ( chorda tympani, branch to stapedius muscle, greater petrosal) >

exits stylomastoid foramen

25
main targets of CN VII
somatic motor to stapedius, muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid muscle and posterior belly of digastric muscle
26
chorda tympani
branch off CN VII hitchhikes with lingual n. (branch off CN V3)
27
targets of chorda tympani
taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue parasympathetic to submandibular and sublingual glands
28
Greater petrosal? pathway?
branch off CN VII exit temporal bone > joins with deep petrosal n. (sympathetic fibers)> pterygoid canal > pterygopalatine ganglion* > hitchhike on CN V2> travels anteriorly > parasympathetic/sympathetic target: lacrimal gland and mucosa of nasal cavity
29
CN VIII
vestibulocochlear special sensory cranial exit: internal acoustic meatus
30
CN VIII pathway
internal acoustic meatus > divides into vestibular and cochlear nerves> inner ear > targets: vestibular- vestibule and semicircular canals cochlear-cochlea
31
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal somatic sensory, visceral sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, parasympathetic cranial exit: jugular foramen
32
CN IX pathway
jugular foramen > gives off tympanic nerve and then travels inferiorly to most targets > somatic motor target: stylopharyngeus muscle visceral sensory target: carotid body and sinus somatic sensory target: mucosa of oropharynx, posterior 1/3rd of tongue, soft palate special sensory target: posterior 1/3rd of tongue
33
Tympanic nerve
branch off CN IX reenters skull through temporal bone> travels through middle ear > lesser petrosal branch exits middle ear > foramen ovale > otic ganglion > hitchhikes on auriculotemporal branch of CN V3
34
tympanic nerve targets
somatic sensory: internal surface of tympanic membrane parasympathetic target: parotid gland
35
CN X
Vagus nerve motor, somatic sensory, special sensory cranial exit: jugular foramen
36
CN X pathway
jugular foramen> travels inferiorly> gives off superior laryngeal branch (near hyoid)> travels inferiorly> branches into recurrent laryngeal nerves > travels around aortic arch and brachiocephalic trunk superiorly to larynx
37
CN X targets
motor: pharyngeal constrictors, muscles of the palate: levator veli palatini m., palatoglossus m., palatopharyngeus m., esophagus special sensory: epiglottis and palate (taste)
38
superior laryngeal branch
branch off CN X provides somatic motor to cricothyroid muscle (external branch) somatic sensory to laryngeal mucosa superior to vocal folds (internal branch)
39
After traveling around the aortic arch and brachiocephalic trunk, the recurrent laryngeal branch changes its name to...
inferior laryngeal nerve in the larynx
40
Targets of inferior laryngeal nerve
somatic motor to intrinsic muscles of larynx somatic sensory to laryngeal mucosa inferior to vocal folds
41
CN XI
Accessory nerve motor cranial exit: jugular foramen
42
CN XI targets
sternocleidomastoid- head turning trapezius
43
CN XI pathway
superior spinal cord> enters skull through foramen magnum> exits skull via jugular foramen > neck muscles
44
CN XII
hypoglossal somatic motor cranial exit: jugular foramen
45
CN XII targets
intrinsic and most extrinsic muscles of the tongue
46
pathway of CN XII
hypoglossal canal> travels inferiorly medial to tongue > anteriorly toward intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

Anatomy Exam 4 (6 decks)

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