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cranial nerves Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Cranial Nerves?

A

Bundles of sensory and/or motor fibers

Innervate muscles and glands and/or carry sensory input

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2
Q

where do cranial​ nerves come out

A

Emerge from the cranial cavity via foramina in the cranium

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3
Q

how many CN are there

A

12 cranial nerves

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4
Q

how are the CN numbered

A

numbered from rostral(closer to the nose) (CN I) to caudal (CN XII) (closer to the tail

VB- clockwise

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5
Q

Functions of Cranial Nerves

A

Motor fibers - voluntary muscle
Motor fibers - involuntary muscle, glands
Sensory fibers - general sensation from skin & mucous membranes
Sensory fibers - sensation from the viscera
Sensory fibers - unique sensations

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6
Q

Olfactory Nerve number

A

1

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7
Q

Olfactory Nerve - sensory both or motor

A

sensory

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8
Q

Olfactory Nerve - sense for what

A

Sensory for smell

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9
Q

olfactory nerve cell bodies located where

A

Cell bodies are in the olfactory organ (in the roof of the nasal cavity) and along the nasal septum

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10
Q

olfactory nerve exit where

A

Exits cranium via the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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11
Q

Optic Nerve what number

A

2

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12
Q

optic nerve sensory both or motor

A

sensory

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13
Q

optic nerve sense what

A

Sensory for vision

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14
Q

optic nerve path

A

The optic nerve begins in the retina, then exits through the optic canal to enter the middle cranial fossa and forms the optic chiasm, where the fibers from each side partially cross

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15
Q

why is the optic chiasm​ important

A

Optic chiasm give us depth perception – without the world would look 2-d

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16
Q

Oculomotor Nerve nunmber

A

III - 3

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17
Q

Oculomotor nerve sensory motor or both

A

motor

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18
Q

Oculomotor Nerve two nucleus

A

Somatic nucleus
Visceral nucleus

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19
Q

Somatic nucleus- of the oculomotor nerve

A

Motor for 4 of the 6 extra-ocular muscles (all except superior oblique and lateral rectus)

Extra ocular – muscle that move the eye balls

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20
Q

Visceral nucleus - of the oculomotor nerve

A

Motor (parasympathetic) for ciliary body and constrictor pupillae

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21
Q

Oculomotor Nerve exit where

A

Travels through the superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

Trochlear Nerve - number

A

IV - 4

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23
Q

Trochlear motor sensory or both

A

motor

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24
Q

trochlear nerve motor supply to

A

Motor to superior oblique, an extraocular muscle

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25
length of the trochlear nerve
Smallest cranial nerve, but has the longest intra-cranial course
26
Trochlear Nerve exit where
Traverses superior orbital fissure to gain entrance to orbit and innervates superior oblique
27
Trigeminal Nerve what number
V
28
Trigeminal Nerve motor sensory or both
both
29
Trigeminal Nerve nulceus
1 motor nucleus - to muscles of mastication 3 sensory nuclei - sensation to face
30
Trigeminal Nerve 3 divsions
Ophthalmic - V1 Maxillary - V2 Mandibular - V3
31
Ophthalmic Division - trigeminal
V1 Sensory to upper face (front of head & nose) Traverses superior orbital fissure
32
Maxillary Division- trigeminal
V2 Sensory to upper lip, maxillary teeth, palate, mucosa of nose Exits via foramen rotundum
33
Mandibular Division number - trigemenial
V3
34
part of the mandibular division​ - trigeminal
sensory and motor
35
sesnory divsion of the mandibular divsion
Sensory to teeth and gums of lower jaw, skin of temporal region, part of auricle, lower lip and lower face
36
mandibular divsion motor divsion
Motor to muscles of mastication
37
Mandibular Division - V3 exits where
Motor and sensory roots combine and traverse foramen ovale
38
Abducens Nerve what number
VI - 6
39
abducens nerve motor
Motor to lateral rectus (an extraocular muscle
40
Facial Nerve number
VII - 7
41
Facial Nerve motor sensory or both
both
42
Facial Nerve Motor to
muscles of facial expression
43
Facial Nerve for taste of
Taste to anterior tongue and palate
44
facial nerve parasympathetic
Parasympathetic for submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands
45
fascial nerve path
VII traverses internal acoustic meatus (with VIII) -->, into facial canal --> exits the cranium through the stylomastoid foramen --> Runs forward through parotid gland and divides into branches
46
Vestibulocochlear Nerve number
VIII
47
Vestibulocochlear Nerve sensory motor or both
sensory
48
Vestibulocochlear Nerve sensory to
Vestibular portion for balance Cochlear portion for hearing
49
Vestibulocochlear Nerve pathway
Traverses internal acoustic meatus to reach inner ear
50
Glossopharyngeal Nerve number
IX
51
Glossopharyngeal Nerve sensory motor or both
both
52
Glossopharyngeal Nerve motor
stylopharyngeus muscle
53
Glossopharyngeal Nerve sensory
Sensory for touch to pharynx, tonsil and posterior 1/3 of tongue Sensory for taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue sensory endings to wall of carotid sinus and to carotid body
54
Glossopharyngeal Nerve parasympathetic
parotid gland
55
Glossopharyngeal Nerve exits where
jugular foramen anterior to X & XI
56
Glossopharyngeal Nerve travels between
Passes between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery
57
Vagus Nerve number
X
58
Vagus Nerve sensory, motor or both
both
59
pathway of vagus nerve
Traverses jugular foramen (with IX and XI) --> descends within carotid sheath between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery --> enters thorax
60
Vagus Nerve Parasympathetic
Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to heart, lungs and digestive system to left colic flexure
61
Vagus Nerve Sensory branch
carotid body larynx Taste to epiglottis to skin of auricle and dura in posterior cranial fossa
62
Vagus Nerve motor
Gag reflex motor larynx
63
Spinal Accessory Nerve number
XI
64
Spinal Accessory Nerve sensory, motor, or both
motor
65
Spinal Accessory Nerve motor
SCM and trapezius mm
66
Spinal Accessory Nerve formed by what
Formed by union of cranial and spinal roots
67
Spinal Accessory Nerve crosses where
Traverses jugular foramen with IX and X
68
Hypoglossal Nerve number
XII
69
Hypoglossal Nerve motor sensory or both
motor
70
Hypoglossal Nerve motor
intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue
71
Hypoglossal Nerve exits through
hypoglossal canal
72
Hypoglossal Nerve is joined by what
Joined by branch from VPR of C1

Anatomy UE (11 decks)

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