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Anatomy UE > Facial muscles > Flashcards

Facial muscles Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

where are the facial muscles embedded

A

in the the superficial facial

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2
Q

what kind of motor units does the facial muscle make

A

small motor units

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3
Q

proprioceptive feedback in the facial muscles

A

limited peripheral proprioceptive feedback.

few if any muscle receptors

Absence of joints and joint receptors

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4
Q

face muscle attach where

A

Muscles generally attached to bones of the skull and the skin.

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5
Q

relationship between facial orifices and facial muscles

A

Generally facial muscles surround facial orifices

(eyes, mouth, nostrils).

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6
Q

Functions of the face muscles

A

Protective and Facial expressions

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7
Q

Facial expressions general importance

A

convey mood during communication

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8
Q

protective function of the facial muscles

A

sphincters and dilators for facial orifices.

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9
Q

facial nerve motor component

A

Muscles of facial expression, Platysma, stylohyoid, digastric

Stapedius muscle of middle ear

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10
Q

facial nerve visceral component

A

Salivary glands
Lacrimal gland
Taste sensation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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11
Q

facial nerve sensory component

A

Sensation, small area around ear (post. Auricular)

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12
Q

the facial nerve does not do what in the face

A

Opening the eye (CN III)

Facial sensation and mastication (CN V – trigeminal)

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13
Q

Frontalis is the frontal belly of what

A

Occipitofrontalis muscle

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14
Q

Frontalis is part of what part of the head

A

Part of scalp
No bone attachment

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15
Q

Frontalis main action

A

Elevates the eyebrows
Wrinkles forehead

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16
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Encircles the eye
Eye closure
Encourages flow of tears

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17
Q

Corrugator Supercilli

A

Knits eyebrows together

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18
Q

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

A

Not muscle of facial expression
Opening of the eyes
Not CN VII (CN III)
Elevates upper eyelid – continuously active

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19
Q

Nasalis

A

Compresses and flares the nostril
Draws the nostril down

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20
Q

Procerus

A

Draws the medial part of the eyebrow inferiorly

Wrinkling of the nose -VB

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21
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Encircles the mouth
Oral sphincter
Lip protrusion, compression, and puckering

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22
Q

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

A

Elevates alar cartilage of nose and upper lip

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23
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Raises and everts the upper lip

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24
Q

Levator anguli oris

A

Elevates the corner of the mouth

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25
Zygomaticus major and minor
Pulls mouth corners upward and outward Smile
26
Risorius
Pulls mouth corners upward and outward (backward) Smile - controlled, passport
27
Depressor labii inferioris
Draws lips inferiorly and laterally
28
Depressor anguli oris
Depresses corner of the mouth
29
Mentalis
Raise and protrude lower lip Pout
30
Buccinator
Aids mastication and swallowing Press the cheeks against the molar teeth during chewing Whistling and sucking
31
Platysma
Tenses the skin of neck Draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly Assist depressing mandible
32
Facial expressions provide information about
basic and complex emotions Cognitive activity, (perplexed, concentrating, or bored Temperament and personality traits such as hostility, sociability or shyness Truthfulness, leakage of concealed emotions, and lies presence of a physical condition (anxiety, depression, Parkinson's)
33
Education facial expression
Teacher's expressions influence whether the pupils learn
34
Criminal Justice System facial expression
help establish or detract crediblity​
35
Business Matters facial expression
important in negotiations​ and making personal decisions
36
Leadership Roles facial expression
leaders'​ expressions regarding important matters can influence citizen and other leaders
37
Recognizing Anger
Eyebrows are lowered and pulled together to form wrinkles in the skin of the forehead (glabella) Tensed and straightened lower eyelids, with tension in lips and mouth. Raised upper eyelids causing a glaring look. Pressed lips with a slight pushing up of the chin boss.
38
Recognizing Happiness
Narrowing of the eyelids Crow’s feet wrinkling at the corners of the eyes, Raised outer and upper area of the cheeks Lips parted in a smile with teeth showing
39
Recognizing Sadness
Eyebrows are lowered and pulled together to form wrinkles in the skin of the forehead (glabella) Tensed lower eyelids, with tension in lips and mouth. Widened, and depressed lips, with a slight push up of the chin boss.
40
Recognizing Disgust
Wrinkling of nose Elevated lips Eyebrows may be drawn close to each other Head turned away from the noxious or disgusting stimulus.
41
Recognizing Fear
Raised eyebrows Jaw may be dropped Lips widened or drawn downwards
42
Recognizing Pain
Cheek-raising, upper lip raising, lip-corner pulling, lips parting, mouth opening and eye closure or blinking” – Craig and Patrick, 1985 “….involving brow lowering, skin drawn tightly around the eyes, and a horizontally stretched open mouth with deepening of the nasolabial furrow
43
Bell’s Palsy
Most common cause of facial paralysis (50%) Unilateral facial paralysis
44
Risk Factors for bells palsy
3X higher during pregnancy (3rd trimester & early postpartum period) Hypertension Diabetes
45
Etiology for bells palsy
Mostly viral Vascular origin such as ischemia of facial nerve Fluid retention Immune-mediated inflammatory response to some vaccines (however this data is uncertain) Compression due to a tumor or neoplasm
46
example of a ​virus that cause bells palsy​
Herpes Simplex, influenza
47
Vascular origin of bells is a high risk with what disea
Diabetes Mellitus
48
when do we see fluid retention​ that is related to bells
pregnancy & pre-eclampsia
49
Mechanism of Bell's palsy
Compression of the facial nerve in the narrowest part of the canal (labyrinthine portion) due to inflammation
50
what type of onset does Bell’s Palsy have
Sudden onset hours, peak facial muscle weakness or paralysis seen within 48-72 hrs
51
Bell’s Palsy recovery time
Complete recovery within 1-3 months in more than 85% of those affected
52
Bell’s Palsy relapse
7 to 15% have relapses
53
Bell’s Palsy long recovery
1/3 of individuals may have late recovery (9 months) or incomplete recovery
54
Bell’s Palsy recovery is based on what
how badly the nerve was impacted
55
Risk factors for incomplete recovery in Bell’s Palsy
older age, DM, BP, pregnancy, genetic predisposition, no sign of recovery in first month
56
Bell’s Palsy those who do not recovery have what
tightness, contracture, twitching and/or synkinesis
57
Bell’s Palsy - Synkinesis
moving together Voluntary movement of one facial muscle is accompanied by an involuntary movement of another muscle Due to abnormal facial nerve fiber regrowth. E.g., ocular-oral movement. This occurs when there is fiber regrowth that is not very organized
58
Bell’s Palsy- Inability to smile, raise eyebrows, etc (facial muscle weakness)
yes
59
Bell’s Palsy- Drooling
yes
60
Bell’s Palsy-Increased wrinkles
no – no wrinkles form because of decreased use of muscle in the face
61
Bell’s Palsy- Feel their face
yes trigeminal nerve - V
62
Bell’s Palsy- Change in taste (distorted)
maybe – depending on what part of the canal is affected this can affect the taste
63
Bell’s Palsy- Hyperacusis
maybe
64
Bell’s Palsy- Decreased tearing
maybe – the facial nerve gives out branch to lacrimal gland
65
Bell’s Palsy- Increased tearing (crocodile tears)
maybe - new fibers my lead to excess tear formation
66
Bell’s Palsy- Decrease in saliva
maybe
67
Bell’s Palsy- Jaw muscle weakness
no – the facial nerve does not supply the muscle of the mandible
68
Hyperacusis
a disorder in loudness perception
69
Bell’s Palsy- What would you expect to see?
Eating Drinking Speaking Dry eye and mouth Decreased eye protection Compromised Oral Hygiene Psychological impact – Depression/Anxiety
70
Bell’s Palsy - Differential Diagnosis
Lyme Disease Guillain Barre Syndrome Sjogren’ syndrome Tumors in the parotid gland Herpes Zoster infection
71
Bell’s Palsy - Common treatments, most effective​
Glucocorticoids
72
Bell’s Palsy - Common treatments, eyes
most effective - Adequate eye care (eye lubrication or ointment) to prevent corneal abrasions and dryness.
73
Bell’s Palsy - Common treatments, minimal benefits
Anti-viral therapy (evidence shows little to no benefit when combined with glucocorticoids vs glucocorticoids alone) Facial exercise or retraining with/or without EMG feedback. Surgical decompression is not recommended. Facial plastic surgery to improve facial symmetry for those with contractures and residual paralysis.

Anatomy UE (11 decks)

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