Cranial Nerves Flashcards
(45 cards)
1
Q
CN I
A
Olfactory
- Special sensory (smell)
- Olfactory bulb –> cribriform foramina –> olfactory nn in nasal cavity
2
Q
CN II
A
Optic
- Special sensory (sight)
- Optic chiasm –> optic n. –> optic canal –> retina
3
Q
CN III
A
Oculomotor
- Somatic motor & PNS
- cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> muscles located in orbit or ciliary ganglion
4
Q
CN III somatic motor targets
A
- Levator palpebrae superioris m.
- Extraocular muscles: Superior, medial, & inferior rectus, inferior oblique
5
Q
CN III PNS targets
A
- Ciliary muscle
- Spincter pupillae
6
Q
CN IV
A
Trochlear
- Somatic motor
- Cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> superior orbit
7
Q
CN V
A
Trigeminal
- Somatic sensory & somatic motor
8
Q
CN V 3 subdivisions
A
- Ophthalmic (CN V1)
- Maxillary (CN V2)
- Mandibular (CN V3)
9
Q
Ophthalmic CN V1
A
- Somatic sensory
- Trigeminal ganglion –> superior orbital fissure –> through orbit
10
Q
CN V1 targets
A
- Skin of forehead
- Scalp
- Upper eyelid
- Cornea
- Mucosa of anterior nasal cavity
- Frontal/ethmoidal sinuses
11
Q
Maxillary CN V2
A
- Somatic sensory
- Trigeminal ganglion –> foramen rotundum –> branches travel through pterygopalatine fossa to either inferior orbital fissure & orbit or inferior targets
12
Q
CN V2 targets
A
- Skin of face
- Lower eyelid
- Upper lip
- Maxillary teeth & gingivae
- Scalp
- Maxillary sinuses
- Mucosa of posterior nasal cavity
- Hard & soft palate
13
Q
Mandibular CN V3
A
- Somatic sensory & motor
- Trigeminal ganglion –> foramen ovale –> branches (lingual n.) & travels inferior, posterior, or anterior to targets
14
Q
CN V3 somatic sensory targets
A
- Portion of scalp near anterior auricle
- External tympanic membrane
- Skin of face
- Cheek
- Lower lip
- Mandibular teeth & gingivae
- TMJ
- Anterior 2/3rds tongue
15
Q
CN V3 somatic motor targets
A
- Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, lateral & medial pterygoids) - Mylohyoid - Anterior belly of digastric - Tensor veli palatini - Tensor tympani mm
16
Q
CN VI
A
Abducent
- Somatic motor only
- Cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> lateral orbit
- Target: lateral rectus muscle
17
Q
CN VII
A
Facial
- Somatic motor, special sensory, PNS, & SNS
- Internal acoustic meatus –> facial canal –> gives off 3 branches (chorda tympani, branch to stapedius, greater petrosal) –> facial canal via stylomastoid foramen –> travels inferiorly
18
Q
CN VII Chorda tympani pathway
A
- Middle ear –> hitchhike on lingual n –> anterior & posterior to targets OR –> submandibular ganglion –> oral cavity
19
Q
CN VII special sensory target
A
Anterior 2/3rds of tongue (taste)
20
Q
CN VII PNS via chorda tympani pathway
A
Submandibular & sublingual glands
21
Q
CN VII greater petrosal pathway
A
Exit temporal bone –> joins w/ deep petrosal n –> pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> hitchhike on CN V2 –> travels anteriorly
22
Q
CN VII PNS/SNS target via greater petrosal pathway
A
Lacrimal gland & mucosa of nasal cavity
23
Q
CN VIII
A
Vestibulocochlear
- Special sensory
- Internal acoustic meatus –> divides into vestibular & cochlear nn –> inner ear
24
Q
CN VIII targets
A
- Vestibular n: vestibule & semicircular canals
- Cochlear n: cochlea (hearing)
25
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
- Somatic sensory, visceral sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, PNS
- Jugular foramen --> tympanic n --> travels inferiorly to most targets
26
CN IX somatic motor target
Stylopharyngeus
27
CN IX visceral sensory target
Carotid body & sinus
28
CN IX somatic sensory target
- Mucosa of oropharynx
- Posterior 1/3 of tongue
- Soft palate
29
CN IX special sensory target
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste)
30
Tympanic nerve pathway
Re-enters skull through temporal bone --> through middle ear --> lesser petrosal branch exits middle ear --> foramen ovale --> otic ganglion --> hitchhikes on auriculotemporal branch of CN V3
31
Tympanic n targets
- Somatic sensory: internal surface of tympanic membrane
| - PNS: parotid gland
32
CN X
Vagus
- Somatic sensory, special sensory, somatic motor in head/neck
- Provides PNS to targets in thorax & abdomen
33
CN X pathway
Jugular foramen --> travels inferiorly --> gives off superior laryngeal branch near hyoid --> travels inferiorly --> branches into recurrent laryngeal n --> travel around aortic arch & brachiocephalic trunk superiorly to larynx
34
CN X somatic motor targets
- Pharyngeal constrictors
- Muscles of palate (levator veil palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus)
- Esophagus
35
CN X special sensory targets
Epiglottis & palate
36
Superior laryngeal pathway
Branches into internal branch & external branch
37
CN X somatic sensory target via superior laryngeal pathway
Laryngeal mucosa superior to vocal folds
38
CN X somatic motor target via superior laryngeal pathway
Cricothyroid muscle
39
Recurrent laryngeal pathway
After traveling around aortic arch & brachiocephalic trunk, changes name in larynx to inferior laryngeal n
40
CN X somatic motor targets via recurrent laryngeal pathway
- Intrinsic muscles of larynx (transverse & oblique arytenoid mm, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, thyroarytenoid)
41
CN X somatic sensory targets via recurrent laryngeal pathway
Laryngeal mucosa inferior to vocal folds
42
CN XI
Accessory
- Somatic motor
- Superior spinal cord --> enters skull via foramen magnum --> exits via jugular foramen --> neck muscles
43
CN XI targets
- Sternocleidomastoid
| - Trapezius
44
CN XII
Hypoglossal
- Somatic motor
- Hypoglossal canal --> travels inferiorly medial to tongue --> anteriorly toward instrinsic & extrinsic tongue muscles
45
CN XII targets
- Intrinsic tongue
| - Extrinsic tongue (hyoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus)
