Cremation Terminology

Question 1

Cremators are

Answer 1

Incinerators

Question 2

Supplied to the equipment for combustion, cooling, ventilation, etc

Answer 2

Air

Question 3

Any air, controlled with respect to quantity and location, forced or induced, supplied to the cremation chamber for the purpose of promoting combustion of the combustible materials in the chamber

Answer 3

Primary Air

Question 4

Any air, controlled with respect to quantity and location, supplied through ports in the walls, roof of the secondary combustion chamber, for the purpose of completing combustion of the combustible materials in the gasses from the cremation chamber or to reduce operating temperatures within the cremator

Answer 4

Secondary Air

Question 5

Chamber within a cremator where unburned combustible materials from the primary chamber are conveyed to facilitate additional combustion

Answer 5

Afterburner aka Secondary Burner

Question 6

Chamber where unburned combustible material from the primary chamber is completely burned

Answer 6

Afterchamber

Question 7

To break into tiny bits, or into a fine liquid mist or spray

Answer 7

Atomize

Question 8

Any refractory construction intended to change the direction of flow or velocity of the products of combustion

Answer 8

Baffle

Question 9

Provides excess air for combustion, maintains a negative draft through the interior chambers, and cools exhaust gases before they exit the stack

Answer 9

Blower

Question 10

The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at or near maximum density

Answer 10

British Thermal Unit aka BTU

Question 11

A device for the introduction of a flame by delivering fuel and its combustion air at desired velocities and turbulence to establish and maintain proper ignition and combustion of the fuel.

Answer 11

Burner

Question 12

Types of burners inclue

Answer 12

Afterburner, primary burner, and secondary burner

Question 13

The heating process of reducing the body wrapping and/or the container to their basic elements in the form of cremated remains through combustion

Answer 13

Calcination

Question 14

A vertical (stack) or horizontal (flue) passage for conducting products of combustion to the atmosphere

Answer 14

Chimney

Question 15

A chemical reaction that results from mixing fuel and oxygen in the presence of an ignition source and releases light and heat

Answer 15

Combustion

Question 16

The process of reducing the body to ash and bone fragments through flame, heat, and vaporization

Answer 16

Cremation

Question 17

The case/container in which the human body is delivered to the crematory and in which it is cremated.

Answer 17

Cremation Container

Question 18

The Cremation Container must conform to these guidelines

Answer 18

Be composed of suitable material
Be rigid enough for handling ease
Assures protection of health
Provides proper covering for the remains
Meets moral codes for respect and dignity

Question 19

The total mechanical unity for the cremation process

Answer 19

Cremator

Question 20

A type IV incinerator designed for cremating human and animal remains

Answer 20

Cremator

Question 21

Chambers or gas passage placed between two chambers to carry the products of combustion in a downward direction

Answer 21

Downpass

Question 22

The pressure difference between the cremator or any component part and the atmosphere which causes a continuous flow of air and products of combustion through the gas passages of the cremator to the atmosphere

Answer 22

Draft

Question 23

The pressure difference created by the action of a fan, blower, or ejector which supplies the primary combustion air above atmospheric pressure

Answer 23

Forced Draft

Question 24

The pressure difference created by the action of a fan, blower, or ejector, which is located between the incinerator and the stack, or at the stack exit

Answer 24

Induced Draft

Question 25

The pressure difference created by stack or chimney due to its height, and the temperature difference between the flue gases and the atmosphere

Answer 25

Natural Draft

Question 26

Dampers, linkages, etc used to regulate air flow

Answer 26

Draft Controls

Question 27

Combustion products such as smoke, soot, sulfur dioxide, etc

Answer 27

Emissions

Question 28

EPA

Answer 28

United States Environmental Protection Agency

Question 29

Any chamber designed to reduce the volcity of the products of combustion to promote the settling of fly ash from the gas stream

Answer 29

Expansion or Settling Chamber

Question 30

Sensor which detects or monitors proper ignition bases on the presence of ultraviolet rays from the flames

Answer 30

Flame Scanner

Question 31

A horizontal passage for conducting products of combustion into the atmosphere

Answer 31

Flue

Question 32

All gases which leave the cremator by way of the flue, including gaseous products of combustion, water vapor, excess air and nitrogen

Answer 32

Flue Gas aka Products of Combustion

Question 33

Suspended ash particles, charred paper, dust, soot, or other partially incinerated matter, carried in the products of combustion

Answer 33

Fly ash aka particulate matter aka Particulates

Question 34

A solid surface upon which the human remains and container are placed for the cremation process

Answer 34

Hearth

Question 35

Hearth on which drying or combustion results from the action of hot combustion gases passing only over the top surface of the hearth

Answer 35

Cold Hearth

Question 36

Hearth on which drying or combustion results from the action of hot combustion gases passing over both the top and bottom of the hearth

Answer 36

Hot Hearth

Question 37

Excess air injected along the sides of the primary combustion chamber to assist the combustion process and allow the primary chamber to cool following the cremation process

Answer 37

Hearth Air

Question 38

Hearth air is generally used during the _______________ of cremation

Answer 38

Second Half

Question 39

Chamber usually placed between the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber where thorough mixing of the products of combustion is accomplished by turbulence created by increased velocities of gases, checkerwork, and or turn in direction of the gas flow

Answer 39

Mixing Chamber

Question 40

The degree to which a substance allows light to pass through

Answer 40

Opacity

Question 41

Small of liquids or solids that include dust, fumes, smoke, mists or sprays, charred paper, soot or other partially incinerated matter

Answer 41

Particulates aka Particulate Matter

Question 42

Sensor that provides the presence of the flame

Answer 42

Photo Cell

Question 43

Chemical compounds in combustion/flue gases that present human health and environmental concerns

Answer 43

Pollutants

Question 44

A smaller gas burner used to light the main burner

Answer 44

Pilot

Question 45

A system on some cremators that monitor the visibility through flue gases as they enter the stack. Detect the presence of smoke and is designed to allow the operator to correct the operating conditions

Answer 45

Pollution Control System aka PCS

Question 46

Chamber withn a cremator where primary ignition and burning of the remains noccurs

Answer 46

Primary Combustion Chamber

Question 47

Unit of Pressure (PSI)

Answer 47

Pounds per Square Inch

Question 48

The process of reducing the size of the cremated remains after cremation

Answer 48

Pulverize

Question 49

Special high temperature lining for the combustion chambers

Answer 49

Refractory

Question 50

Chamber where unburned combustible material from the primary chamber are completely burned

Answer 50

Secondary Combustion Chamber

Question 51

Any chamber designed to reduce the velocity of the products of combustion to promote the settling of fly ash from the gas stream

Answer 51

Settling or Expansion Chamber

Question 52

A device in the stack which responds to the detection of smoke by setting of an alarm and/or taking some type of corrective action

Answer 52

Smoke Alarm

Question 53

A vertical passage for conducting products of combustion to the atmosphere

Answer 53

Stack

Question 54

Test conducted by federal state or local regulatory agency to measure pollutants released into the atmosphere from a crematory, in amounts that exceed regulatory requirements

Answer 54

Source Test

Question 55

Air introduced into the afterchamber for emission control, usually during the first half of the cremation

Answer 55

Throat Air

Question 56

Throat Air is usually used during the

Answer 56

First half of the chamber