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crime : crime prevention (social) Flashcards

(8 cards)

1
Q

Give two background studies for crime prevention

A
  • Zimbardo: left two cars without a license plate one in palo alto and another in the bronx
    • car was vandalized after 10 minutes in the Bronx and after a day almost everything had been removed
    • car in palo alto was not damaged for a whole week then zimbardo smashed a window and came back and car was completely vandalised
  • Bratton: no tolerance policy
    • cracking down on minor crimes to reduce offense in more serious crimes
    • 7000 police were released and crimes reduced by 25%
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2
Q

what is the broken window theory?

A

Wilson and Kelling - disorderly neighbours lead to serious crime because people don’t care

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

What theory did Newman develop?

A
  • Defensible spaces

1) Zone of territory e.g fences
2) Surveillance e.g big windows so easily spotted
3) Image-ownership
4) Milieu

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5
Q

what is the background for Wilson + Kelling?

A
  • New Jersey announced a ‘Safe and Clean Neighbourhood Program’
  • more police officers patrolling and showing a presence
  • review after 5 years
  • no decrease in crime rates but neighbours felt safer
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6
Q

what is the aim for Willison +kelling?

A

To outline how features of neighbourhoods can influence crime rates, the changing role of the police in the US, and strategies for maintaining order

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7
Q

Outline the procedure for Wilson and Kelling?

A
  • an article with 3 parts to it

1) Safe neighbourhoods:
- people scared of crime so remain inside
- foot patrols aimed to decrease fear
→ kelling joined them
→ It was seen that there were regulars
→ there were INFORMAL RULES
→ only arrested if they broke the informal rules

2) changing roles of police officers:
→ police officer roles changed from order maintenance to law enforcement
→ meaning that rather than maintaining order they found and arrested people
→ uncertainty if this was true role
→ suggestions made that included, citizen patrols, minimal police involvement, further variations

3) maintaining order:
- strategies
- off duty officers

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8
Q

What are the applications for crime prevention?

A
  • target hardening: designed to alter the cost benefit of committing a crime
  • eyes on posters
    -brown: CCTVS 56% reduced crime in Newcastle
  • Denying beniftis
  • facilitating complience
  • stimulating conscious : stickers
  • ## Crowe (1991) – Neighbourhood Watch Programme
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