Crimm Chappy 7 Flashcards
(20 cards)
How are victims treated by the CJS?
Role is limited, considered orphans of CJS, social policy and crimm
Some blame pressure from victims for the increases in incarceration
Who is the ideal victim?
Weak, carrying out respectable project, in wrong place, victimized by stranger, strong enough to make case known
What can account for the prevelance of victimization?
Shortcomings in police crime stats - more info being collected from victims
Canadian victim survey (conducted every 5 years) does not recieve sufficient attention
Some stats
How many canadians are victimized by theft/assault annually? how long has this been the going rate?
What percent is there of repeat victims in the past year?
1) 25% and 15 years
2) 40%
What is the fiscal impact of victimization?
2.5 billion in pain and suffering
For victims: a fuck ton of $ plus emotional/family trauma
Victims are unaware of services
Some Stats
What percent call police?
What percent see conviction?
1) 33%
2) 3%
What are the eight core needs of crime victims?
clue: 7
Allison Is Reading Patrick’s Implementation, Rodney Pees
Assistance Information Recognition Participation Implementation Reperation Policies (effective)
What are the origins of victimology and international standards?
clue: 7
All Peter’s Pot Vanessa Roled, Vastly Vanished
Advocacy groups Policy changes Police operating changes Victim/Witness assistance programs Rape Crisis Centres Victim-offender mediation/RJ programs Victimization surveys
When was the world society of victimology formed?
1979
When did the UN addopt its landmark solution? what was that solution?
1985
Banlances offenders needs with victims
When was the bill of rights for victims established? what does it contain?
2014
Create statutory rights for victims
In residence, people complain poorly
Information Restitution Protection Participation Complain
Define victim impact statement? Benefits? Unintended consequences?
Written or oral statement presented in court Describes impact of victimisation
Not mandated by law/ only done after plea is given
Benefits: Increase use of restitution and compensation orders
Opportunity to speak out
Puts Human face on victim - victim has a role/dignity is restored
Unintended Consequences: Can lead to overly harsh sentence
Non-standardized procedure for collection
Victim can be questioned by defence
Onus on victim to participate
Describe the relationship between victim services and the police?
(1999-2009) - decline in reporting, no one is aware of services
Surveys ask why people don’t report instead of why they do
Police have not focused on victim services in any significant way
Some stats
What percent of victims who report to police will see arrest and conviction?
4%
What services are available for victims of cirme?
Medicare - free health
Limited psychological/counselling coverage
PTSD: universally recognized as an issue related to victimization
Examples of model programs for victims of crime?
Burlington, On: Nina’s place (sexual assault victims)
London, On: Police accompanied by social worker when responding to family violence
What are Waller’s five recomendations for improving services for victims of crime?
Funding Waller’s Professional standards for Mental Education Research
Funding Professional standards Mental health services Education Research
What are victims’s methods of gaining reparation to cover losses?
Order of restitution - crimm court
Civil suit - against perpetrator of crime
Civil suit - third party for negligence that contributed to crime
Restorative J
Payment made by a state/provincial compensation board
What is France doing with regards to victims human rights in criminal courts?
Defend interest
Voice personal safety concerns
Force more through investigation
Can result in criminal court - tied restitution
What can we do by way of prevention? how much does it cost?
Programs addressing criminogenic risk factors of children and youth at risk
Reducing risk to potential victims
Police court correction = 20 billion anually
10% of that = 2 billion - if invested would reduce losses of victims by 40 billion
