Cross Country Planning

Question 1

What are the three common ways to navigate?

Answer 1

1. Pilotage
2. Dead reckoning
3. radio navigation

Question 2

What is Pilotage?

Answer 2

Reference to visible landmarks

Question 3

What is dead reckoning?

Answer 3

Computing direction and distance from a known position

Question 4

What is radio navigation?

Answer 4

Use of radio aids. GPS, VOR

Question 5

Are EFB’s approved to replace paper reference material in the cockpit?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What is an isotonic line?

Answer 6

Lines that connect equal magnetic variation

Question 7

What is magnetic variation?

Answer 7

Angle between true north and magnetic north

Question 8

How do you convert a true direction to a magnetic direction?

Answer 8

East is Least ( subtract )

West is Best ( add )

Question 9

What is magnetic deviation?

Answer 9

Deflection of compass needle due to magnetic influences in the plane

Question 10

What is a VOR radial?

Answer 10

Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range

- line if magnetic bearing extending from the VOR ( 360 radials )

Question 11

What is Distance Measuring Equipment? ( DME )

Answer 11

Measures ( in nautical miles ) the slant range distance of an aircraft from the navigational aid.

Question 12

What is Global Positioning System?

Answer 12

a satellite based radio navigation that broadcasts a signal used by receivers to determine a precise location anywhere in the world.

Question 13

What is the purpose of RAIM?

Answer 13

Self monitoring function performed by GPS receiver to ensure that adequate GPS signals are being received from the satellites at all times.

Question 14

During a preflight briefing, will the FSS briefer automatically give you GPS NOTAMS?

Answer 14

No, they must be requested

Question 15

What is WAAS?

Answer 15

Wide Area Augmentation System.

Ground and satellite integrated navigational error correction system.

Question 16

What do you do if you get lost?

Answer 16

5 C’s:

Climb - better communication and visibility
Call - Call 121.5 or other known frequencies in the area.
Confess - let them know your problem
Comply - follow instructions
Conserve - conserve fuel

Question 17

Your lost and have no GPS, how do you fly to the nearest alternate airport?

Answer 17

Use the sectional

Question 18

What is the universal emergency frequency?

Answer 18

121.5

Question 19

What is a CTAF?

Answer 19

Common Traffic Advisory Frequency

purpose is to carry out airport advisory practices at a non towered airport

Question 20

What does ATIS mean?

Answer 20

Automatic Terminal Information Service

Broadcast of recorded no control information in high activity areas. Gives routine and basic information

Question 21

If you are uncertain about a restricted area along your route if flight, what do you do?

Answer 21

Check the end panel of the VFR sectional chart

Question 22

What restrictions apply concerning alcohol and drugs?

Answer 22

Can’t fly within 8 hours after consuming alcohol, while under the influence, while using drugs that affect persons faculties, with a concentration of .04 or more

Question 23

Can a pilot allow a person who has been drinking or under the influence on the plane?

Answer 23

No. Unless for an emergency or a medical patient

Question 24

Can you drop an object from the airplane?

Answer 24

No pilot can drop anything that creates a hazard to persons or property. Except for reasonable precautions to avoid injury or damage to persons or property.

Question 25

What preflight action is required for flights away from the local departing airport?

Answer 25

91.103 ``` N- notams W- weather reports K- known ATC delays R- runway lengths A- alternatives F- fuel requirements T- takeoff and landing distances ```

Question 26

Can you fly formation flight?

Answer 26

Not unless pre arranged with all pilots in command of all aircrafts in formation flight. Avoid collision avoidance

Question 27

What is the order of right of way rules for categories?

Answer 27

Any aircraft in distress ``` B- ballon G- gliders A- airships A- airplanes R- rotorcraft ```

Question 28

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are converging?

Answer 28

Airplane to the right

Question 29

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are approaching head on?

Answer 29

Both airplanes must divert to the right

Question 30

Who has the right of way when overtaking?

Answer 30

Aircraft being overtaken has the right of way. Pilot who is overtaking must overtake on the right

Question 31

Who has the right of way when two airplanes are approaching to land?

Answer 31

Airplanes on final or who are landing have right of way. Airplane at the lower altitude has the right of way.

Question 32

What is the minimum safe altitude that an aircraft can operate over congested area?

Answer 32

1,000 feet above and 2,000 horizontal

Question 33

What is minimum safe altitude?

Answer 33

Altitude allowing an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property

Question 34

What is the lowest altitude an aircraft can operate over wildlife refuge?

Answer 34

2,000 above surface

Question 35

When can a pilot intentionally deviate from ATC instructions?

Answer 35

1. Clearance has been obtained 2. Emergency 3. To avoid collision

Question 36

What is the VFR fuel requirement for night?

Answer 36

Destination + 45 minutes ( normal cruising speed )

Question 37

What is the VFR fuel requirements for day?

Answer 37

Destination + 30 minutes ( normal cruising speed )

Question 38

What rules apply when operating an aircraft above 3,000 in VFR?

Answer 38

0-179 degrees: odd plus 500 | 180-359 degrees: even plus 500

Question 39

What is an ELT?

Answer 39

Emergency Location Transmitter Radio transmitter attached to the airplane structure used for locating downed aircraft

Question 40

When must the batteries in an ELT be replaced or recharged?

Answer 40

1 hour cumulative use or 50 percent battery life remains

Question 41

What are the regulations concerning supplemental oxygen?

Answer 41

Above 12,500: crew must use after 30 minutes At or above 14,000: all crew must use for entire flight time At or above 15,000: must be provided to passengers

Question 42

Can a flight under VFR be conducted within class Alfa?

Answer 42

No. Must be on an IFR flight plan

Question 43

Minimum flight certificate to operate in Class A?

Answer 43

Private pilot with an instrument rating

Question 44

What minimum equipment is required for Class A?

Answer 44

1. Two way radio communication 2. Mode C 3. ADSB Out 4. Instruments required for IFR flight

Question 45

What altitude is Class A at?

Answer 45

18,000 to FL600

Question 46

What equipment is required for Class B?

Answer 46

1. ATC clearance 2. Two way radio communications 3. Mode C 4. ADSB Out

Question 47

What are the minimum weather conditions for Class B?

Answer 47

3SM, Clear of clouds

Question 48

What equipment do you need to fly in Class C?

Answer 48

1. ADSB Out 2. Two way communication 3. Altitude reporting transponder 4. Mode C

Question 49

What weather conditions are required in Class C?

Answer 49

3 SM 500 below 1,000 above 2,000 horizontal

Question 50

What is a TRSA?

Answer 50

Terminal Radar Service Area Provides ATC with radar services outside the airspace

Question 51

Where is Mode C and ADSB Out required?

Answer 51

Class A, B and C, Mode C Veil

Question 52

What are the weather requirements for Class D?

Answer 52

3- SM 500 below 1,000 above 2,000 horizontal

Question 53

What requirement is required for Class E?

Answer 53

Altitude reporting transponder, ADSB Out above 10,000

Question 54

Are you required to establish communications with a tower located in Class E?

Answer 54

Yes. Must establish two way radio to, from or through an airport with a tower

Question 55

Who do you call to obtain a special VFR?

Answer 55

Class B, C and D- the tower | Class E- nearest tower, FSS

Question 56

Can you get a Special VFR at night?

Answer 56

No. Have to be instrument rated

Question 57

What is a prohibited area? What is an example?

Answer 57

Areas where aircraft operations is prohibited. Such as the White House

Question 58

What is a restricted area?

Answer 58

Flight of aircraft is not wholly prohibited but does have restrictions. Must have authorization from controlled agency

Question 59

What is a warning area?

Answer 59

Contains activity that might be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft.

Question 60

What is a MOA?

Answer 60

Military Operations Area Area to separate certain military training activities from IFR traffic

Question 61

What is an alert area?

Answer 61

Unusual aerial activity. Maintain collision avoidance

Question 62

What is a controlled firing area? CFA

Answer 62

Area that could be hazardous to nonparticipating aircraft. Activities must be suspended immediately when aircraft is approaching or passing over

Question 63

What is a national security area?

Answer 63

Area with increased security of ground facilities. Voluntarily avoid NSA’s

Question 64

What is the standard direction of turns when approaching a non towered airport?

Answer 64

Left traffic

Question 65

Where can you look with questions regarding an airport?

Answer 65

Chart Supplement

Question 66

What is the transponder code for hijack?

Answer 66

7500

Question 67

What is the transponder code for radio failure?

Answer 67

7600

Question 68

What is the transponder code for emergency?

Answer 68

7700

Question 69

Transponder code for VFR operations?

Answer 69

1200

Question 70

When should your initial contact be made when approaching a towered airport?

Answer 70

15 miles from the airport

Question 71

How do you convert standard time to universal time?

Answer 71

Add 6 hours ( Central )

Question 72

What are NOTAMS?

Answer 72

Notices to Airmen Time critical aeronautical information that is either temporary or not known in advance to add to charts

Question 73

What is a TFR?

Answer 73

Temporary Flight Restrictions Issues via US NOTAMS to restrict certain aircraft from operating within an area. Can be issued for special events like President in town or large games

Question 74

Where can you find NOTAMS?

Answer 74

1. FSS | 2. NOTAM search on faa.gov

Question 75

What is a DVFR flight plan?

Answer 75

Defense VFR Required for VFR flights into coastal or domestic ADIZ. Must be filed before departure

Question 76

Will ATC automatically close your flight plan?

Answer 76

No.

Question 77

If your flight is behind schedule, and you do not report the delay, or you forgot to close flight plan, how much time do you have befire search and rescue begin?

Answer 77

30 minutes

Question 78

What is wake turbulence?

Answer 78

Phenomenon resulting in aircraft passing through atmosphere

Question 79

Where are wake turbulence and wingtip vortices likely to occur?

Answer 79

All aircraft produce wake turbulence and vortices. Avoid area behind and below aircraft, especially at low altitudes

Question 80

What is an airport hot spot?

Answer 80

Runway safety related problem area

Question 81

Why is it a good idea to write down taxiway instructions at large and unfamiliar airports?

Answer 81

Can reduce chances if pilot forgetting part of the instructions and reference for read back to ATC

Question 82

With calm or nearly calm winds at an uncontrolled airport, a pilot should be cautious of what?

Answer 82

Aircraft taking off and landing at different ends of the runway due to winds being variable.