Operation Of Systems

Question 1

What are the primary flight controls?

Answer 1

• ailerons
• rudder
• elevator

Question 2

What are the secondary flight controls?

Answer 2

• trim

- flaps

Question 3

How are the flight controls operated?

Answer 3

Through cables and pullies

Question 4

What are flaps used for?

Answer 4

To increase lift and drag. Used to create slower airspeed

Question 5

What type of landing gear does this plane have?

Answer 5

Tricycle-type system with two main wheels and a steerable nose wheel.

Question 6

Describe the braking system

Answer 6

Hydraulic disc-type brakes on each main wheel. Hydraulic line connects to master cylinder in each rudder pedals.

Question 7

How do you steer the aircraft on the ground?

Answer 7

Mechanical linkages connected to the rudder pedals

Question 8

What type of engine do we have?

Answer 8

• horizontally opposed
• air cooled
• naturally aspirated
• direct drive
• 4 cylinder
• fuel injected
• 360 cubic inch displacement ( cylinder )

Question 9

Who is our engine manufacturer?

Answer 9

Textron Lycoming

Question 10

What four strokes must happen in each cylinder?

Answer 10

• intake
• compression
• power
• exhaust

Question 11

What does the mixture control do?

Answer 11

It regulates the fuel to air ratio

Question 12

Describe the fuel system

Answer 12

1. Engine driven fuel pump draws fuel from tanks
2. Fuel/Air control unit
3. Fuel Manifold Valve
4. Discharge nozzles
5. Auxiliary fuel pump ( if needed )
6. Fuel flow indicators

Question 13

What type of engine ignition system do we have?

Answer 13

Provided by two engine driven magnetos and two spark plugs per cylinder.

Question 14

How are magnetos started?

Answer 14

From crankshaft and fly wheel, gears turning creating current sent to magnetos

Question 15

What are the advantages of having a dual ignition system?

Answer 15

1. Safety

2. Improved engine performance

Question 16

What type of fuel system do we have?

Answer 16

A “gravity feed” system. What makes the fuel flow

Question 17

What purpose do fuel vents have?

Answer 17

As fuel decreases, a vacuum would be created ( without vents ) and would result in a decrease in fuel flow and engine stoppage

Question 18

What is our electrical system?

Answer 18

60 amp alternator, 28 volt system, 24 volt battery

Question 19

Does our plane have circuit breakers or fuses?

Answer 19

Circuit breakers

Question 20

What are circuit breakers?

Answer 20

Protect our electrical circuits from an overload condition. When an overload occurs, they pop out. They can be reset one time

Question 21

How does cabin heat work?

Answer 21

Fresh air, heated by exhaust shroud, directed to the cabin

Question 22

What does the oil do?

Answer 22

Cools
Cleans
Lubricates
Seals

Question 23

What is anti-icing? Do we have anti-icing equipment?

Answer 23

Prevents ice from forming. Pitot heat

Question 24

What is dd-icing equipment? Do we have any?

Answer 24

Removes ice that has already formed. We have windshield defrosters. De-icing boots are also used on other aircrafts.

Question 25

If we have anti-icing and de-icing equipment, can we fly in icing conditions?

Answer 25

No. Not appropriate for those conditions

Question 26

What procedures must take place if an engine fire occurs in flight?

Answer 26

- mixture control “idle cutoff” - fuel selector valve “off” - master switch “off” - cabin heat “off” - 100 knots for increase descent if necessary - execute forced landing checklist

Question 27

What instruments operate off the pitot/static system?

Answer 27

Altimeter, vertical speed, and airspeed indicator

Question 28

How does an altimeter work?

Answer 28

Measures ambient air using wafers and displays it in terms of feet above selected pressure level. They expand or compress as air pressure changes.

Question 29

What is absolute altitude?

Answer 29

Vertical distance above terrain

Question 30

What is Indicated altitude?

Answer 30

Altitude read directly from the instrument

Question 31

What is Pressure altitude?

Answer 31

Altitude when altimeter is adjusted to 29.92

Question 32

What is true altitude?

Answer 32

Vertical distance above sea level

Question 33

What is density altitude?

Answer 33

Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

Question 34

How does the airspeed indicator work?

Answer 34

Measures the pressure difference from the pitot tube and static port. The difference is read on the face of the instrument

Question 35

What is the white arc on the airspeed indicator?

Answer 35

Flap operating range

Question 36

What is the green arc on the airspeed indicator?

Answer 36

Normal operating range

Question 37

What is the yellow arc on the airspeed indicator?

Answer 37

Caution range

Question 38

What is the red line on the airspeed indicator?

Answer 38

Never exceed speed

Question 39

What instruments contain gyroscopes?

Answer 39

- turn coordinator - heading indicator - attitude indicator

Question 40

How does the attitude indicator work?

Answer 40

Operates on rigity in space. The horizon bar is fixed to the gyro and remains in a horizontal plane as the aircraft is pitched or banked, indicating the attitude

Question 41

What are some of the compass errors?

Answer 41

1. Deviation error - due to magnetic disturbances in the aircraft 2. Variation error - difference between true and magnetic north

Question 42

What are magnetic dip errors?

Answer 42

1. Acceleration error - on East or west headings while accelerating, it shows invalid headings. Accelerate North, decelerate South 2. Northerly turn error - leads in south turns, lags in north. Undershoot North, Overshoot South

Question 43

What is AHRS?

Answer 43

Attitude Heading Reference System.

Question 44

What is ADC?

Answer 44

Air Data Computer. | Controls pitot/static systems.

Question 45

What is PFD?

Answer 45

Primary Flight display. Includes: horizon, airspeed, altitude, vertical speed, trim, rate of turn, slip/skid.

Question 46

What is MFD?

Answer 46

Multifunction Flight Display. Includes: navigation, moving maps, terrain awareness

Question 47

What is the purpose of the standby battery?

Answer 47

Kept charged in case if a failure of the charging system and exhaustion of main battery. Lasts 30 minutes