Croup syndromes Flashcards
(48 cards)
what is croup
barking cough swelling or obstruction in region of larynx hoarseness inspiratory stridor varying degrees of respiratory distress
acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
viral croup
what is viral croup
inflammation of the mucosal lining of larynx, trachea, and bronchi causing narrowing of the airway
effects children 5yrs and younger
may develop with flu or bronchitis
how many stages of croup are there?
4
at what stage do you need to catch croup to keep from respiratory distress?
1-2
stage 1 clinical manifestations of croup
fever fear hoarseness brassy cough inspiratory stridor when disturbed
stage 2 clinical manifestations of croup
continuous stridor lower lip retraction retraction of soft tissue of neck use of accessory muscle of respiration labored breathing
stage 3 clinical manifestations of croup
signs of anoxia and CO2 retention restlessness anxiety pallor sweating rapid respirations
stage 4 clinical manifestations of croup
cyanosis
cessation of breathing
what is the priority goal of therapeutic management of croup?
airway, breathing
therapeutic management of croup
high humidity with COOL mist
humidified oxygen
adequate fluid intake
AVOID cough syrups and cold meds
what medication must you watch for rebound when administering for croup?
racemic epinephrine
what meds are not helpful for croup?
bronchodilators (albuterol/Proventil) and antibiotics
nursing considerations for croup
conserve energy
continuous and accurate respiratory status
measures to decrease anxiety, PARENTS AT BEDSIDE
assess for and prevent dehydration
at what respiratory rate do we keep infants NPO?
<60
signs of increasing severity of croup
increased RR
increased agitation, restlessness, anxiety
decreased LOC
cyanosis
what is bacterial croup?
epiglottitis
what is epiglottitis
serious, life threatening obstructive inflammatory process
occurs usually between 2-5 yrs
clinical presentation of epiglottitis
abrupt onset, starts with sore throat high fever mouth open with tongue protruding and drooling agitation tri-pod position looks very sick muffled voice, inspiratory stridor, no spontaneous cough PREPARE FOR SEDATION AND INTUBATION
Emma Grace, 18m is your next door neighbor. Emma’s mother phones you at 1-pm to ask for advice. Emma has been fussy all day. She has a fever of 100.6 and is making a funny crowing noise when she breaths. You go next door and find a fussy toddler with mild inspiratory stridor. What action should you take at this time?
Advise her mother to turn the shower on hot, close the door and set in the bathroom for 15 min.
Your next door neighbor phones you to ask advice about her 4 year old son. He has a sore throat, pain on swallowing, and a fever of 103.4. You go next door and find an acutely ill child setting upright and drooling. What action should you take?
call an ambulance to have the child transported to the nearest ED
bacterial tracheitis
NO tongue blades, DO NOT look in the throat
avoid x-ray and transport
let parents be with child
prepare for sedation and intubation
bronchiolitis (RSV)
acute viral infection resulting in inflammation of the smaller bronchioles, characterized by thick mucus
what age does RSV usually affect?
less than 2 years, peaks at 2-5 months
