cultural deprivation - external Flashcards
(19 cards)
what did Hubbs-Tait find?
parents who use language that challenges their kids understanding - cognitive performance improves
what did Feinstein find?
educated parents are more likely to use language that challenged their kids understanding.
less educated parents tend to use language that only requires kids to make simple answers
educated parents are more likely to use praise - encourages children
what did Bereiter and Engelmann argue?
language used in lower-class homes is deficient.
communicating by gestures and single words.
children fail to develop the necessary language skills.
what did Bernstein find?
restricted code - used by lower-class. unfinished simple sentences
elaborated code - used by the middle-class. complex sentences
why do speech codes give middle-class advantages in education?
elaborated code is used by teachers, textbooks and exams.
middle-class children were socialised into the elaborated code and therefore feel ‘at home’ at school.
working class students feel excluded.
what did Douglas find?
working-class parents placed less value on education.
less ambitious for their children and gave less encouragement.
took less interest in their kid’s education - this kids had less motivation and lower levels of achievement
what is educated parents parenting style?
emphasises consistent discipline and high expectations of their child.
encourages active learning and exploration
what is less educated parents parenting style?
harsh or inconsistent discipline.
emphasises ‘doing as your told’ and ‘behaving yourself’.
prevents the child from learning independence and self-control.
leads to poorer motivation and problems interacting with teachers.
what do educated parents to to help their kids education?
engage in behaviour such as reading to them, teaching them letters songs and numbers, painting and drawing with them.
get better advice on childrearing and establish good relationships with their childs teachers.
take them to museums and libraries.
Bernstein and Young - middle class parents incomes?
middle-class mothers buy educational toys, books and activities.
they have a better understanding of nutrition and its importance.
Bernstein and Young - working class parents incomes
working-class homes lack educational resources.
children start school without the intellectual skills needed to progress
what does Sugarman argue?
working-class subculture has four key features that act as a barrier to educational achievement
what are the four features of working-class subculture?
fatalism
collectivism
immediate gratification
present-time orientation
compensatory education
aimed to tackle cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to schools in deprived areas
sesame street
initially part of head start (use compensatory education)
transmitted values, attitudes and skills needed for educational success.
importance of punctuality, literacy and numeracy
uk compensatory education examples
education action zones
sure start
education priority areas
what did Keddie argue?
cultural deprivation is a ‘myth’ and calls it victim blaming.
working class children are culturally different not deprived.
they fail because the education system is dominated by middle class values.
what did Troyna and Williams argue?
teachers have a ‘speech hierarchy’ and label middle class speech highest followed by working class speech and black speech.
what did Blackstone and Mortimore argue?
working class parents attend fewer parents evenings as they work unsocial or longer hours and are put off by the middle-class atmosphere in schools.
