labelling - internal Flashcards
(10 cards)
labelling definition
to attach a meaning or definition to someone
what did Becker find?
based on an interview of 60 high school teachers - teachers judge pupils according to how closely they fitted the image of the ‘ideal pupils’
who did teachers see as closest to the ‘ideal pupil’?
children from middle-class backgrounds
what did Hempel-Jorgenson find?
the ideal pupil changes according to the social class make up of the school.
in largely working class schools where discipline is a problem, the ideal pupil was defined as quiet and obedient
in mainly middle class schools with few discipline problems, the ideal pupil was defined by personality instead of behaviour
what did Dunne and Gazeley argue?
schools persistently produce working class underachievement because of labels and assumptions from the teachers.
teachers normalised the underachievement of working-class pupils and seemed unconcerned about it.
what did teachers label working class parents as?
uninterested in their child’s education
what did teachers label middle class parents as?
supportive - for example, paying for music lessons or attending parents evenings
what did Rist find?
study of American kindergarten:
the teacher used information about children’s home background and appearance to place them in separate groups, seated at different tables.
Rist - the ‘tigers’
tended to be middle classed of neat and clean appearance.
seated them close to her and showed them the greatest encouragement.
Rist - the ‘cardinals’ and the ‘clowns’
seated further away from her.
more likely to be working-class.
given lower level books to read and fewer chances to show their abilities
