cultural revolution

Question 1

civilised

Answer 1

stage of social and cultural develpoment considered to be more advanced

Question 2

emperor

Answer 2

a sovereign ruler of an empire

Question 3

dynasty

Answer 3

a line of hereditary rulers of a country

Question 4

capitalism

Answer 4

economic and political system where countrys trade and industry controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state

Question 5

communism

Answer 5

theory or system or social organisation in which all property is owned by the community and eavg person contributes and receives according to ability and needs

Question 6

marxism

Answer 6

political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis of communism

Question 7

Marxism-Leninism

Answer 7

formal name of official state ideology adopted by the union of soviet social republics (USSR)

Question 8

revisionist

Answer 8

theory or practice of revising ones attitude to a previously accepted situtation or point of view, policy of modification,especially of marxism

Question 9

purge

Answer 9

rid(someome/something) of unwanted quality,condition,feeling

remove (people considered undesirable) from organization/place in an abrupt/violent way

Question 10

socio-political

Answer 10

combining social and political factors

Question 11

traditional

Answer 11

existing in or part of a tradition, long established,habitually done,used or found

Question 12

cult of personality

Answer 12

arises when countrys regime (or more rarely,individual) uses techniques of mass media, propaganda, the big lie, spectacle. arts, patriotism, governmant organized demonstratioms and rallies to create an idealized, heroic, and worshipful
image of a leader, often through unquestioning flattery and praise. A cult of
personality is similar to apotheosis (the elevation of someone to a divine
status), except that it is established by modern social engineering
techniques, usually by the state or the party in one-party
states and dominant-party states.

Question 13

alchemist

Answer 13

a person who transforms or creates something through a
seemingly magical process

Question 14

saltpeter

Answer 14

a white powder that exists naturally in some soils and that is
used especially as a fertilizer, in medicine, and to make gunpowder. It is
the mineral form of potassium nitrate.

Question 15

maritime

Answer 15

connected with the sea, especially in relation to seaborne trade
or naval matters

Question 16

wares

Answer 16

manufactured goods of a specific type, sold for profit

Question 17

warlords

Answer 17

strong leader who is able to exercise military, economic, and
political control over a territory within an independent state because of
their ability to mobilise loyal armed forces

Question 18

civil war

Answer 18

war between organised groups within the same state or
country. The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a
region, to achieve independence for a region or to change government
policies

Question 19

exile

Answer 19

he state of being barred from one’s native country, typically for
political or punitive reasons

Question 20

industrialisation

Answer 20

the development of industries in a country or region on a
wide scale.

Question 21

famine

Answer 21

a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including
war, inflation, crop failure, population imbalance, or government policies

Question 22

Sino

Answer 22

Chinese; relating to China

Question 23

soviet

Answer 23

Russian word for council, which were political organizations
and governmental bodies of the late Russian Empire, primarily associated
with the Russian Revolution, which gave the name to the later states of
the Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union.

Question 24

martial law

Answer 24

involves the temporary substitution of military authority for
civilian rule and is usually invoked in time of war, rebellion, or natural
disaster. When martial law is in effect, the military commander of an area
or country has unlimited authority to make and enforce laws

Question 25

elitism

Answer 25

the belief or notion that individuals who form an elite - a select
group of people perceived as having an intrinsic quality, high intellect,
wealth, special skills, or experience - are more likely to be constructive to
society as a whole, and therefore deserve influence or authority greater
than that of others

Question 26

mobilisation

Answer 26

action of a country or its government preparing and
organising troops for active service; the action of making something
movable or capable of movement

Question 27

coalition

Answer 27

group formed when two or more people, factions, states,
political parties, militaries etc. agree to work together temporarily in a
partnership to achieve a common goal. The word coalition means a coming
together to achieve a goal

Question 28

associates

Answer 28

partner or companion in business or at work.

Question 29

intellectuals

Answer 29

of or relating to thought;
understanding intellectual development; interested in serious study and
thought an intellectual person

Question 30

bourgeois

Answer 30

belonging to or characteristic of the middle class,
characteristically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or
conventional attitudes.

Question 31

infiltrators

Answer 31

person who secretly becomes part of a group in order to get
information or to influence the way the group thinks or behaves

Question 32

cadre

Answer 32

anyone directly employed by the Party-state (usually applying to a
communist government) in an official capacity

Question 33

anarchy

Answer 33

state of disorder due to absence or non-recognition of authority
or other controlling systems; absence of government and absolute freedom
of the individual, regarded as a political ideal

Question 34

terror

Answer 34

extreme fear

Question 35

paralysis

Answer 35

when something goes wrong and results in loss of movement or
functionality.

Question 36

central committee

Answer 36

In such party organisations the committee would
typically be made up of delegates elected at a party congress. In those
states where it constituted the state power, the central committee made
decisions for the party between congresses, and usually was (at least
nominally) responsible for electing the Politburo.

Question 37

plenum

Answer 37

assembly of all the members of a group or committee.

Question 38

assassination

Answer 38

murder (a usually prominent person) by sudden or secret
attack often for political reasons

Question 39

egalitarianism

Answer 39

a trend of thought in political philosophy which favours
equality of some sort: People should get the same, or be treated the same,
or be treated as equals, in some respect.

Question 40

xenophobia

Answer 40

dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries

Question 41

the earliest dynasties in china

Answer 41

shang dynasty
qin dynasty

Question 42

shang dynasty

Answer 42

1600-1050 BC
earliest recorded rulers of China
led by tribal chief Tan
intellectual advances in astronomy + mathematics

Question 43

Qin Dynasty

Answer 43

221- 206 BC
first official empire
name China derived from “Qin”
Creation of first Asian superhighway
Beginning of Great Wall
Elaborate underground complex featuring 13,000 terracotta statues of warriors and horses
Standardised original written scripts into single national one
Established Imperial Academy to oversee translated texts