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Culture Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

define culture

A

-consists of all shared and learned behaviours, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals that are passed from generations

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2
Q

what are the components of culture

A

values, norms, symbols, beliefs, and roles

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3
Q

what is a subculture

A

-a culture within a culture
1a group that shares the same values, beliefs, and practices

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4
Q

what are the categories of subculture

A

-isolated by geography
-age group
-ethnic canadians
-occupational groups

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5
Q

what are the two types of cultures

A

material and non-materal

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6
Q

what is a non-material culture

A

-thoughts and behaviours we learn and share with others
-values, beliefs, ideas, language, rules

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7
Q

what is a material culture

A

-all physical objects humans create and give meaning to
-tools, technology, clothing, weapons, cars, houses

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8
Q

what is a value

A

-standards of what is important, good, true, ethical, right, or wrong

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9
Q

what are norms

A

rules that say what should motivate behaviour in a specific situation

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10
Q

what are beliefs

A

shared ideas explaining the world, what people think is true

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11
Q

what are roles

A

positions, rights, and obligations in specific situations

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12
Q

what is deviant behaviour

A

-behaviour that departs from accepted standards of behaviour
-actions that violate social norms
-can create social change

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13
Q

what is ethnocentrism

A

The belief that once cultural group is centrally important and superior to others

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14
Q

ethnology

A

The study of the characteristics of various people and the differences and relationships between them

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15
Q

cultural relativism

A

The idea that an individuals, beliefs and activities make sense in terms of his or her own culture

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16
Q

socialization

A

-lifelong process where we learn the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to survive and prosper
-how society makes people fit in

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17
Q

what are the types of socialization

A

primary socialization, secondary socialization, anticipatory socialization of anticipatory socialization, and resocialization

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18
Q

what is primary socialization

A

Basic understandings, we need to function in the society we were born in
ex. hygiene, language, eating

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19
Q

what is secondary socialization

A

Learning how to function in groups and learning how to follow behaviour society expects while in group settings
ex, church, school, store

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20
Q

what is anticipatory socialization

A

ability to think ahead and act accordingly
ex. how to dress for work

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21
Q

what are socializing agents

A

institutions that influence how individuals learn and internalize the beliefs of a society 

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22
Q

what are examples of socializing agents

A

family, religion, government, education, economy

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23
Q

what are feral children

A

children who have been abandoned by their parents and raised by animals

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24
Q

what is resocialization

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A

deliberate attempts to replace aspects of an individual socialization
ex. prison, therapy, rehab

25
what are the characteristics of a cult
-A charismatic leader who convince his followers to do things they would never do with a promise of salvation -religious, values lotalty, independent thinking is not allowed
26
what are the 9 ways to analyze a culture
1) physical geography and climate 2) political and legal system 3) economy 4) family life 5) knowledge and beliefs 6) art 7) leisure 8) communication 9)material goods
27
what is the path of cultural evolution
1) foraging cultures 2) horticultural cultures 3) agricultural cultures 4) pastoral cultures 5) industrial cultures 6) communication culture
28
why is ethnocentric thinking dangerous
-leads to misinterpretation and distorts communication between cultures -can cause bullying, discrimination, intolerance, war, and genocide
29
how can ethnocentric thinking be minimized
-using cultural relativism -learn about other cultures -seek diverse perspectives -challenge your own assumptions -encourage open dialogue
30
what is culture
-consists of all shared and learned behaviours, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals that are passed from generation to generation
31
what are the components of culture
values, norms, symbols, beliefs, roles
32
33
what is a subculture
-a culture within a culture -a group that shares the same values, beliefs, and practices
34
what are the categories of sub culture
isolated because of geography, age group, ethnic canadians, occupational groups
35
what are the two major types of culture
non-material and material
36
what is a non-material culture
-thoughts and behaviours we learn and share with others -ideas, languages, rules, customs
37
what is a material culture
-all physical objects humans create and give meaning to -tools, technology, clothing
38
what are values
-standards of what is important, true, ethical, and right or wrong -deeply held beliefs that shape societies ethics
39
what are norms
rules that say what should motivate behaviour in a specific situation
40
what are beliefs
share ideas explaining the world, what people think is true
41
what are roles
-positions, rights, and obligations in specific situations
42
what is deviant behaviour
-departing from accepted standards of behaviour -actions that violate social norms -can create social change
43
what is ethnocentrism
the belief that one’s cultural group is centrally important and superior to others
44
what is ethnology
the study of the characteristics of various people and the differences and relationships between them
45
what is cultural relativism
the idea that an individual’s beliefs and activities make sense in terms of his or her own culture
46
what is socialization
-life long process where we learn the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to survive and prosper -how society makes the individual fit in
47
what are the types of socialization
primary socialization, secondary socialization, anticipatory socialization, resocialization
48
what is primary socialization
-basic understandings we need to function in the society we were born in -ex. eat, hygiene, language
49
what is secondary socialization
-learning how to function in groups and learning how to follow behaviour society expects while in group settings -ex. school, store, church,
50
what is anticipatory socialization
-ability to think ahead and act accordingly -ex. how to dress for work
51
what is resocialization
-deliberate attempts ti replace aspects of an indivdual’s socialization -ex. prison, therapy, rehab
52
what is a socializing agent
-institutions that influence how individuals learn and internalize the beliefs of a society
53
what are types of socializing agents
family, religion, government, education, economy
54
what are feral children
children who have been abandoned by their parents and raised by animals
55
what are the characteristics of a cult
-a charismatic leader who can convince followers to do things they would never do with a promise of salvation -value loyalty, you can’t leave, independent thinking is not allowed
56
what are the nine ways to analyze a culture
1) physical geography and climate 2) political and legal system 3) economy 4) family life 5) knowledge and beliefs 6) art 7) leisure 8) communication 9) material goods
57
what is the evolution of culture
1) foraging cultures 2) horticultural cultures 3) agricultural cultures 4) pastoral cultures 5) industrial cultures 6) communication culture
58
why is ethnocentric thinking dangerous
-leads to cultural misinterpretation and distorted communication -can cause bullying, discrimination, intolerance, war, and genocide
59
how can ethnocentric thinking he minimized
-use cultural relativism -learn about other rcultures, seek diverse perspectives, challenge your own assumptions, and encourage open dialogue

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