Cumulative Exam

Question 1

Forms of motion

Answer 1

linear and angular

Question 2

Linear motion

Answer 2

all parts moving in same direction @ same speed

Question 3

Rectilinear

Answer 3

along straight line

Question 4

Curvilinear

Answer 4

along a curved line

Question 5

Angular Motion

Answer 5

rotation around central imaginary line (axis of rotation); @ most body joints

Question 6

mechanical system

Answer 6

part(s) of the body that you have chosen to focus on

Question 7

sagittal plane

Answer 7

splits body in left and right sides; forward and backward movements

Question 8

frontal plane

Answer 8

splits body in front and back sides; lateral movements

Question 9

transverse plane

Answer 9

splits body in top and bottom parts; rotation

Question 10

Center of mass/ gravity

Answer 10

where the three planes intersect

Question 11

frontal axis

Answer 11

perpendicular to sagittal plane

Question 12

sagittal axis

Answer 12

rotates in the frontal plane

Question 13

longitudinal axis

Answer 13

transverse plane rotation

Question 14

Sagittal plane movements

Answer 14

Flexion, extension, and hyperextension; dorsiflexion and plantar flexion in foot

Question 15

Frontal plane movements

Answer 15

Ab/adduction, lateral flexion, elevation, depression, ulnar and radial deviation, in/eversion, pronation and supination of subtalar joint

Question 16

Transverse plane movements

Answer 16

Left and right rotation of neck, head, and trunk; medial, and lateral rotation of arm/ leg; supination, pronation of forearm; horizontal ab/adduction,

Question 17

General motion

Answer 17

Linear + angular motion; most human movement

Question 18

Circumduction

Answer 18

Circular movement of body segment

Question 19

Velocity/ Speed formula

Answer 19

velocity/ speed (m/s)=distance(m) ➗time (s)

Question 20

mass

Answer 20

Amount of matter in a body (m); units are kg

Question 21

inertia

Answer 21

resisting change in state of motion; keeps things in place; proportional to mass

Question 22

Force

Answer 22

push or a pull

Question 23

kinetics

Answer 23

study of forces

Question 24

Force formula

Answer 24

F (Newtons) = mass (kg) ✖️ acceleration (m/s^2)

Question 25

center of gravity

Answer 25

+Point where body’s weight is equally balanced in all directions

Question 26

Weight formula

Answer 26

wt. (Newtons) = mass (kg) x ag (acceleration of gravity: -9.81 m/s2)

Question 27

1 lb. = _ kg

Answer 27

2.2 kilograms

Question 28

1 lb. = _ N

Answer 28

4.45 Newtons

Question 29

pressure

Answer 29

Force per unit of area over which the force acts; describes force distribution within a fluid

Question 30

stress

Answer 30

Force per unit of area over which the force acts; describes force distribution w/in a solid

Question 31

Pressure/ stress formula

Answer 31

Pressure (Newtons/cm^2) = Force (newtons)/Area (cm^2)

Question 32

volume

Answer 32

Space occupied by a body; has 3 dimensions (w, h, and depth); units are m3 and cm3

Question 33

density

Answer 33

Mass per unit of volume; p (kg/m^3) = mass (kg)/volume (m^3)

Question 34

specific weight

Answer 34

Weight per unit of volume; units are N/m3

Question 35

impulse

Answer 35

product of force and the time over which the force acts; J (N•s) = Force (newtons) • time

Question 36

weight

Answer 36

Attractive force that the earth exerts on a body

Question 37

torque

Answer 37

rotary effect of a force; angular equivalent of force

Question 38

torque formula

Answer 38

T (newton meters {N-m}) = Force (newtons) • d (perpendicular distance from the force’s line of action to the axis of rotation)

Question 39

compression

Answer 39

Pressing or squeezing force directed axially through a body

Question 40

tension

Answer 40

Pulling or stretching force directed axially through a body

Question 41

shear

Answer 41

Force directed parallel to a surface

Question 42

bending

Answer 42

Asymmetric loading that produces tension on 1 side of a body’s longitudinal axis and compression on the other side

Question 43

torsion

Answer 43

Load producing twisting of a body around its longitudinal axis

Question 44

deformation

Answer 44

Change in shape; an effect of loading

Question 45

repetitive loading

Answer 45

repeated application of a subacute load that is usually of relatively low magnitude

Question 46

acute loading

Answer 46

application of a single force of sufficient magnitude to cause injury to a biological tissue

Question 47

combined loading

Answer 47

simultaneous action of multiple loads

Question 48

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 48

modified ball and socket joint btwn proximal clavicle and manubrium of sternum

Question 49

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 49

irregular joint btwn acromion process of scapula and distal clavicle

Question 50

Coracoclavicular joint

Answer 50

syndesmosis w/ coracoid process of scapula bound to the inferior clavicle by the coracoclavicular ligament

Question 51

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 51

ball and socket joint in which the head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Question 52

Scapulothoracic “joint”

Answer 52

articulation btwn the anterior scapula and thoracic wall

Question 53

Scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 53

regular pattern of scapular rotation that accompanies and facilitates humeral abduction or flexion

Question 54

1st 30 degrees

Answer 54

humeral flexion or abduction

Question 55

Beyond 30 degrees

Answer 55

scapula rotates 1 degrees for every 2 degrees of humerus movement

Question 56

1st 90 degrees of arm elevation

Answer 56

clavicle elevated 35 to 45 degrees of motion at sternoclavicular joint