CV System Part 2

Question 1

Arteriosclerosis is A group of diseases characterized by thickening and loss of

Answer 1

Elasticity of arterial walls

Question 2

3 types of arteriosclerosis

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis
Monckebergs Arterioslcerosis
Arteriosclerosis

Question 3

Atherosclerosis are plaques of fatty deposits form in the

Answer 3

Intima
Most common

Question 4

Monckebergs Arteriosclerosis involves the

Answer 4

Tunica media of arteries

Question 5

Monckebergs Arteriosclerosis is destruction of muscle and elastic fibers and formation of

Answer 5

Ca deposits

Question 6

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 6

Thickening of the walls of small arteries (arterioles)

Question 7

Atherosclerosis
Thickening of the arterial wall through the accumulation of

Answer 7

Lipids

Macrophages

T Lymphocytes

Smooth muscle cells

Extracellular matrix

Calcium and necrotic debris

Question 8

CAD is a condition where the coronary arteries become restricted due to

Answer 8

Atherosclerosis

Question 9

Once CAD develops it requires lifelong management
Changing ones habits is most effective way to

Answer 9

Stop disease from progressing

Question 10

Management of CAD

Answer 10

Combo of meds that target symptoms and prevention of risk factors
Surgery

Question 11

Risk factors that can reduce CAD

Answer 11

Smoking

Cholesterol level

Elevated LDL

HTN

Question 12

Risk factors that will likely reduce CAD

Answer 12

Physical inactivity

DM

HDL

Hormonal status

Question 13

Risk factors that might reduce CAD

Answer 13

Excessive alcohol consumption

Elevated TG

Sleep disordered breathing

Poor nutrition

Psychological factors

Question 14

Non modifiable risk factors for CAD

Answer 14

Age

Sex (male)

Family history

Ethnicity (NA)

Infection

Question 15

Heart Disease Prevention Target Measurements
BMI and Waist to hip ratio

Answer 15

18-24
</= .8

Question 16

Heart Disease Prevention Target Measurements
Total Cholesterol
HDL
LDL
TG

Answer 16

</= 200
>/= 60
</= 100
</= 100

Question 17

Normal BP

Answer 17

Less than 120
AND
Less than 80

Question 18

Elevated BP

Answer 18

120-129
AND
Less than 80

Question 19

High BP Stage 1

Answer 19

130-139
OR
80-89

Question 20

High BP Stage 2

Answer 20

140 or Higher

OR

90 or Higher

Question 21

Hypertensive Crisis

Answer 21

Higher than 180
AND/OR
Higher than 120

Question 22

Metabolic Syndrome Criteria Waist Circumference

Answer 22

Men >40
Women >30

Question 23

Metabolic Syndrome Criteria
Increased BP

Answer 23

> 130/85

Question 24

Metabolic syndrome Criteria increase glucose and increase TG

Answer 24

Glucose: >/= 100
TG: >/= 150

Question 25

Metabolic Syndrome Criteria Decrease HDL

Answer 25

Men: <40 Women: <30

Question 26

Pathogenesis of CAD Begins with an injury to the endothelial lining of the artery at the

Answer 26

Intimal layer

Question 27

Injury to endothelial lining of Intimal layer makes vessel permeable to

Answer 27

Circulating lipoproteins

Question 28

Pathogenesis of CAD Penetration of lipoproteins into the smooth muscle cells of the intima produce

Answer 28

Fatty streaks

Question 29

Pathogenesis of CAD A fibrous plaque grows outward first and is large enough to

Answer 29

Decrease blood flow through the artery

Question 30

Pathogenesis of CAD Calcification with rupture or hemorrhage for the fibrous plaque is the

Answer 30

Final advanced stage

Question 31

Pathogenesis of CAD Thrombosis may occur, further

Answer 31

Occluding the lumen of the blood vessel

Question 32

Medical management of CAD

Answer 32

- Prevention Modify risk factors Detection Diet and exercise - Pharmacotherapy - Surgery

Question 33

Diagnosis and Screening

Answer 33

Cholesterol levels (>20 years) Angiograms MRI, CT Echocardiography (ultrasound) Exercise treadmill testing (HR recovery)

Question 34

Stress test records

Answer 34

electrical activity of heart with exercise during specific workloads of exercise BP, dyspnea, and other symptoms may be measured

Question 35

With stress test, HR recovery after sub maximal exercise is a predictor of

Answer 35

Mortality

Question 36

With stress test, exercise tests are useful but are

Answer 36

Not completely reliable

Question 37

Coronary Angiography is an invasive test used to

Answer 37

Explore the coronary arteries

Question 38

Coronary angiography A fine catheter is put into an

Answer 38

Artery of an arm or leg

Question 39

Coronary Angiography The heart and vessels are filmed while

Answer 39

The heart pumps

Question 40

Coronary angiography The picture is called an

Answer 40

Angiogram Will show a blockage