CV System - The transportation of oxygen & VO2 Diff Flashcards
What is plasma
The fluid part of blood that surrounds blood cells and transports them
What is haemoglobin (Hb)
An iron containing pigment found in red blood cells which combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin
What is myoglobin
An iron containing pigment in slow twitch muscle fibres which has a higher affinity for oxygen than Hb. It stores oxygen in the muscle fibres which can be used quickly when exercise begins
What is mitochondria
Referred to as the powerhouse of the cell as respiration and energy production occur there
When will haemoglobin carry four oxygen molecules
When the partial pressure of oxygen is high in the blood
Why does the oxygen dissociate from oxyhaemglobin at the muscles/respiring tissues
Because there is a low partial pressure of oxygen there
In muscles oxygen is stored by….
Myoglobin. Has a higher affinity for oxygen and stores oxygen for mitochondria until it is used by the muscles
What is the Bohr shift
When an increase in blood carbon dioxide and a decrease in pH results in a reduction of the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen
What is pH
A measure of acidity. Range goes from 1 to 14. Anything less than 7 indicates acidity
Why does the Bohr shift occur
The s shaped curve shifts to the right because when muscles require more oxygen, the dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin in the blood capillaries to the muscle tissue occurs more readily
What three factors are responsible for the Bohr shift
- increase in blood pressure- partial pressure of CO 2 - pH
How does increasing blood temperature affect the Bohr shift
when blood and muscle temperature increases during exercise, oxygen will dissociate from haemoglobin more readily
How does a increasing partial pressure affect the Bohr shift
As the level of blood CO2 rises during exercise, oxygen will dissociate faster from haemoglobin
How does pH affect the Bohr shift
More CO2 will lower pH in the blood, a drop in pH will cause oxygen to dissociate from haemoglobin more quickly
How does the distribution of blood flow differ at rest compared to exercise
The skeletal muscle require more oxygen while exercising so the body redirect blood in order to meet the oxygen demand (vascular shunting)
