cvs overview Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is the circulatory system?
organ system transporting O2, CO2, nutrients etc.
what is the cardiovascular system?
heart
bv
blood
lymphatic system
what is the pulmonary circulation?
O2 depleted blood
passes from heart to lungs
returns oxygenated blood to heart
what is the systemic circulation?
O2 rich blood
passes from heart to rest of body
returns deoxygenated blood to heart
what are the layers of the heart?
fibrous layer parietal pericardium pericardial cavity visceral pericardium myocardium endocardium
what are chordae tendinae?
heart strings
connected to papillary muscles
-keeps blood going right way
what are septal defects?
interventricular/interatrial septum hole in the heart atrial septal defect ventricular septal defect atrioventricular septal defect
what is ASD?
incomplete closure of foramen ovale
larger defects result in hypertrophy of the RA & RV
what is infective endocarditis?
usually subacute bacterial
endocarditis
occurs on rheumatic or congenitally abnormal valves
can affect prosthetic valves
many organisms
can be result of dental abscess
murmur can be present due to valvular vegetations
what is coronary artery disease?
coronary arteries are end arteries ischaemia -results in collateral circulation developing angina pectoris infarction=anterior IV branch of LCA RCA circumflex branch of LCA
what is atrial fibrillation? (AF)
rapid, irregular contraction of dif parts of the atria
what is ventricular fibrillation? (VF)
rapid, irregular contraction of V
not compatible with systemic and coronary circulation
most disorganised form of dysrhythmia-cardiac arrest
describe the arterial system
role=distribution
systole causes expansion of arterial walls
recoild maintains arterial blood pressure during diastole
dlow regulated by varying diameter of capillaries
3 histological layers:
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia
which arteries are elastic?
aorta, common carotid, subclavian, pulmonary
which arteries are muscular?
radial, femoral, coronary, cerebral
which are arterioles?
terminal branches supplying capillary bed
