Deaths

Question 1

Name the four reasons why there’s a decline in death rate

Answer 1

Improve nutrition

Medical improvements

Smoking and diet

Public health measures

Question 2

Ao1 and Ao3 improved nutrition

Answer 2

Ao1
Mckeown argues that improve nutrition, reduced death rates
Better nutrition increased resistance to infections and increased survival rates of those who did become infected

Ao3
This does not explain why females who receive a smaller share of family food supply live longer than males
And why deaths from some infectious diseases such as measles and infant diarrhoea rose at a time of improving nutrition

Question 3

Ao1 and Ao3
Medical improvements

Answer 3

Ao1
After medical knowledge had improved organisations had helped to reduce death rates
This includes things like developments in blood transfusions, antibiotics and immunisation etc

Ao3
medical improvements were minimal back in the days

Question 4

Ao1 and ao3
Smoking and diet

Answer 4

Harper argues that the greatest fault in death rates is down to the reduction of people smoking. Obesity has a replaced smoking as a new lifestyle. In 2012, a quarter of UK adults were obese.

Ao3
However deaths from obesity have a remained low as a result of medication
Medical improvements may be the most substantial explanation

Question 5

Ao1 and ao3 public health measures

Answer 5

Laws led to a range of improvements in public health and the quality of the environment
This included improvements Of housing and cleaner water
The clean air act reduced air pollution such as a smog that led to 4000 deaths in five days in 1952

Ao3
Even today there are deprived areas with the problems of overcrowding
So public health is still an issue