Deck 1

Question 1

The 3 projections taken for a long-bone measurement (scanography technique) of the lower extremity include:

Answer 1

AP hip, AP knee, and AP ankle

Question 2

An image that has many shades of gray with few differences among them is defined as exhibiting:

Answer 2

low contrast.

Question 3

The upright abdomen must include the:

Answer 3

diaphragm at the top of the image.

Question 4

The ________ receives electrons immediately after they are read out from an imaging detector.

Answer 4

analog-to-digital converter

Question 5

An acceptable PA chest exam is taken using 300 mA, 0.008 seconds, and 110 kVp. If this examination is repeated using an AEC that has a minimum response time of 10 ms, which of the following exposure factors would be appropriate?

Answer 5

200 mA, 0.012 seconds, 110 kVp

Question 6

The ________ vein is BEST suited for venipuncture.

Answer 6

basilic

Question 7

When positioning a patient for an AP projection (open-mouth technique) for C1-C2, the ________ plane/lines should be perpendicular to the image receptor.

Answer 7

occlusal

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a primary barrier?

Answer 8

exposure room door

Question 9

All of the following EXCEPT ________ will result in an increase in AEC response time.

Answer 9

increasing the focal spot size

Question 10

X-ray tubes are operated at or above ______ kVp to avoid being space-charge limited.

Answer 10

40

Question 11

Leakage radiation in the radiography/fluoroscopy exposure room is emitted from the:

Answer 11

x-ray tube housing.

Question 12

For a posteroanterior (PA) axial oblique projection of the C-spine, the central ray is angled ________° in the _______ direction.
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Answer 12

15 to 20; caudad

Question 13

Selecting exposure factors of ________ milliampere-seconds (mAs) and _______peak kilovoltage (kVp) delivers the LEAST amount of radiation to the patient.

Answer 13

100;100

Question 14

Which type of communication includes eye contact, touch and tone of voice?

Answer 14

nonverbal

Question 15

The primary function of filtration is to reduce:

Answer 15

patient skin dose.

Question 16

The outer portion of the double-walled sac in the abdominal cavity is called the:

Answer 16

parietal peritoneum.

Question 17

Which of the following are carpal bones?

Answer 17

capitate, hamate, pisiform, scaphoid

Question 18

If 90 kVp is used with a single-phase generator, the minimum electron voltage across the tube is ________ keV.

Answer 18

0

Question 19

For children older than 3 years, bone age is MOST commonly determined by comparing a radiograph of ________ with a set of reference images.

Answer 19

the hand and wrist.

Question 20

Of the following, the greatest attenuator of x-rays is:

Answer 20

bone

Question 21

Which of the following is the BEST projection for demonstrating the intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine?

Answer 21

AP/PA axial oblique

Question 22

Which of the following radiographic evaluation criterion demonstrates proper inspiration on a PA projection of the chest?

Answer 22

10 posterior ribs visible above diaphragm

Question 23

Which of the following structures is located in the mediastinum?

Answer 23

trachea and thymus

Question 24

All of the following affect the spatial resolution of an image EXCEPT FOR:

Answer 24

kVp

Question 25

For an upright abdomen, the central ray should be placed on the midsagittal plane and:

Answer 25

2 inches above the iliac crests.

Question 26

The device that permits the flow of electrons in one direction only is the:

Answer 26

rectifier

Question 27

The ________ is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

Answer 27

liver

Question 28

Which of the following is considered a late nonstochastic effect?

Answer 28

fibrosis

Question 29

The BEST reason to use touch for emphasis when performing a radiologic examination is to:

Answer 29

specify instructions or locations.

Question 30

Combining 2 hydroxyl radicals (OH*) will form:

Answer 30

H2O2

Question 31

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding standard precautions for venipuncture?

Answer 31

All patients are potentially infected with bloodborne pathogens.

Question 32

A backup timer for the automatic exposure control (AEC) serves to:

Answer 32

terminate the exposure in the event of equipment or operator error.

Question 33

The process of electrons boiling off the filament is referred to as:

Answer 33

thermionic emission.

Question 34

Radiographers can decrease patient dose by using all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 34

increased grid ratio.

Question 35

The typical flow rate for drip infusion drug administration is ________ drops per minute.

Answer 35

10 to 20

Question 36

Irradiation of the embryo during the first week of development to equivalent doses exceeding 200 mSv frequenatly results in:

Answer 36

death

Question 37

The ________ sphincter prevents reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus.

Answer 37

cardiac

Question 38

Which of the following are facial bones?

Answer 38

nasal, lacrimal, vomer, and mandible

Question 39

The junction between the coronal and sagittal sutures of the skull is called the:

Answer 39

bregma

Question 40

Using a 75 kVp x-ray beam with a 0.25 mm lead-equivalent apron provides protection from _______ of the beam.

Answer 40

66%

Question 41

A contrast medium that lets x-ray photons easily pass through it is considered:

Answer 41

radiolucent

Question 42

Tinctures, ointments, lotions, and sprays are administered by the ________ route.

Answer 42

topical

Question 43

Which of the following is a cranial bone?

Answer 43

parietal

Question 44

The act of ________ is observed on fluoroscopy during an esophagram.

Answer 44

deglutition

Question 45

Which are the appropriate methods to ensure the correct drug is administered to the patient? 1. Confirm the correct medication. 2. Record the time and date of administration. 3. Check the label at least 3 times.

Answer 45

1 and 3

Question 46

On a PA chest radiograph, which of the following is MOST inferior?

Answer 46

costophrenic angles

Question 47

According to the American College of Radiology, which of the following are indications for obtaining a skeletal survey? 1. suspected nonaccidental trauma 2. skeletal dysplasias, syndromes, and metabolic disorders 3. neoplasms

Answer 47

1, 2, and 3

Question 48

The ________ is an automatic exposure device that uses a gas-filled container.

Answer 48

ionization chamber

Question 49

When evaluating an AP projection (open-mouth) radiograph of C1-C2, the occlusal surface of the ________ should be superimposed with the ________.

Answer 49

top incisors; base of the skull

Question 50

The specific purpose of a contrast medium is to:

Answer 50

help distinguish differences between anatomic tissues.

Question 51

When discussing the grid, the letter “K” represents the ________.

Answer 51

contrast improvement factor

Question 52

The quality of x-ray photons is affected by:

Answer 52

kilovoltage

Question 53

A 4-year old patient enters the radiology suite for chest radiography and appears anxious. The child has never had the examination before. She is not speaking or answering questions. The technologist could best attempt to communicate with the child by:

Answer 53

sitting eye level with the child and walking them through the examination.

Question 54

When acquiring a lateral projection of the finger, it is important to keep the finger parallel to the image receptor because in this position:

Answer 54

the joint spaces are perpendicular to the image receptor and open on the resulting image.

Question 55

What medium is injected into the joint of a patient undergoing positive single-contrast radiographic arthrography?

Answer 55

water-soluble iodinated contrast

Question 56

Exposure of an embryo or fetus to radiation from ________________ can result in congenital abnormalities.

Answer 56

10 days to 6 weeks of development

Question 57

Radiation that exits the patient and is directed toward the receptor is referred to as ________ radiation.

Answer 57

remnant

Question 58

What type of radiographic study is used to evaluate skeletal maturity?

Answer 58

bone age

Question 59

When acquiring a lateral projection of the first/great toe, the central ray enters the:

Answer 59

interphalangeal joint.

Question 60

Primary radiation barriers must be AT LEAST ______ feet high.

Answer 60

7

Question 61

The ________ pleura closely adheres to the surface of the lung.

Answer 61

visceral

Question 62

When the x-ray beam is NOT properly aligned with the grid strips the ________ is changed.

Answer 62

receptor exposure

Question 63

The letter “U” as an abbreviation can be mistaken for:

Answer 63

0.

Question 64

The positive side of the x-ray tube is known as the

Answer 64

anode

Question 65

Which of the following is the BEST projection for demonstrating the intervertebral foramina of the thoracic spine?

Answer 65

lateral

Question 66

The rationale behind the development of automatic exposure control (AEC) is to:

Answer 66

reduce repeats and improve image quality.

Question 67

Select the statement below that is TRUE as it relates to a nonstochastic (deterministic) effect.

Answer 67

A response is known to occur.

Question 68

Decreasing the detector element size will affect which of the following?

Answer 68

spatial resolution

Question 69

The AEC controls which of the following exposure variables?

Answer 69

seconds

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT TRUE concerning operator consoles?

Answer 70

Consoles are supplied with high voltage.

Question 71

When performing venipuncture, the technologist should stabilize the vein before inserting a needle for intravenous drug injection to:

Answer 71

prevent the vein from rolling before injection.

Question 72

Genetic defects and cancer are examples of ________ effects.

Answer 72

stochastic

Question 73

All of the following are within acceptable kVp accuracy variance for an exposure using 80 kVp EXCEPT FOR ________ kVp.

Answer 73

86

Question 74

A wedge filter is a type of ________ filter.

Answer 74

compensating

Question 75

When electrons move through a conductor, ________ is said to flow.

Answer 75

current

Question 76

When obtaining images for a bone age protocol on an infant, it is BEST to use the ________ to ________.

Answer 76

small focal spot; optimize spatial resolution

Question 77

The ________ grid design is manufactured to match the divergence of the x-ray beam.

Answer 77

focused

Question 78

Needles used for venipuncture should be properly disposed of by:

Answer 78

placing them in a sharps container.

Question 79

Which of the following components make up the induction motor in an imaging system?

Answer 79

rotor and stators

Question 80

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) dose equivalent limit for the hands is_______ mSv.

Answer 80

500

Question 81

What instructions for respiration are given to a patient during a routine chest lateral projection?

Answer 81

full inspiration

Question 82

A 25-gauge, 0.5-inch needle is BEST used for a(n) ________ injection.

Answer 82

subcutaneous

Question 83

Infants and the elderly often can have trouble maintaining the necessary radiographic position. If an immobilization device cannot be used, who is the BEST choice for holding the patient?

Answer 83

relative

Question 84

The angle of the anode in the region of the target has a variation of ________ ° to ________ °.

Answer 84

7; 20

Question 85

Radiation dose to personnel is reduced by following the guideline stating that exposure cords:

Answer 85

must be at least 6 feet long on mobile equipment.

Question 86

Which of the following technical factors simultaneously affects overall image quality and radiation quantity while producing the x-ray beam?

Answer 86

kVp

Question 87

A patient is injected with a large volume of fluid intravenously; this is called a(n):

Answer 87

bolus

Question 88

Select the item below that is NOT required as part of a standardized technique chart.

Answer 88

object-to-image distance (OID)

Question 89

Which of the following radiography equipment features is designed to eliminate unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient?

Answer 89

filtration

Question 90

What type of device is the mA selector?

Answer 90

rheostat

Question 91

According to NCRP Report No. 116, annual occupational exposure to the lens of the eye should not exceed:

Answer 91

150 mSv.

Question 92

The ________ sinus(es) sit(s) directly beneath the sella turcica.

Answer 92

sphenoidal

Question 93

If the center cell is selected for an anteroposterior (AP) lumbar spine, the MOST likely response of the automatic exposure control (AEC) if the spine is not over the ion chamber is that:

Answer 93

exposure time will decrease.

Question 94

Evaluation of ________ are the primary indications for arthrography of the shoulder.

Answer 94

rotator cuff tears or labral tears

Question 95

The ejection of an electron from an atom or molecule is known as:

Answer 95

ionization

Question 96

Which of the following is a guideline used to reduce personnel and patient dose during fixed fluoroscopy?

Answer 96

15-inch minimum SSD

Question 97

Technologists should rotate a patient ________ for anteroposterior (AP) axial oblique projections of the C-spine.

Answer 97

45°

Question 98

The anatomic snuffbox overlies the ________ bone and the radial artery. Tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox is a clinical sign suggesting fracture of this bone, the MOST commonly fractured carpal bone.

Answer 98

scaphoid

Question 99

A terminally ill patient has asked the doctor about possible volunteer opportunities in the hospital. She says that if she can volunteer in the hospital, she might be able to extend her life a bit longer from doing good deeds. This represents the ________ stage of grief for the patient.

Answer 99

bargaining

Question 100

Children have epiphyseal plates made of ________ that can be evaluated as part of normal chronologic age for bone age analysis.

Answer 100

hyaline cartilage