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Patient Care Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Autonomy

A

Right to refuse medical treatment including a radiographic procedure

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2
Q

Who is responsible for determining patients chief complaint or most important issue

A

Physicians

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3
Q

Seven elements in producing complete history

A

1) localization
2) chronology
3) quality
4) severity
5) onset
6) aggravating or alleviating factors
7) associated manifestation

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4
Q

Scheduling of exams

A

1) non con first (KUB)
2) IVU
3) BE
4) UGI

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5
Q

Assault

A

Threat of touching in an injurious manner (tone of voice)

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6
Q

Battery

A

Unlawful touching of a person without consent (wrong pt, wrong part, took against will)

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7
Q

Libel

A

Defamation by written or printed words

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8
Q

Slander

A

Defamation by spoken words

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9
Q

Tort

A

Intentional or unintentional act resulting in injury to patient

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10
Q

Malpractice

A

When patient is injured due to error caused by health care provider

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11
Q

7 C’s of malpractice prevention

A

1) competence
2) compliance
3) charting
4) communication
5) confidentiality
6) courtesy
7) carefulness

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12
Q

Respondeat superior

A

Let the master answer

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13
Q

Res ipsa loquitur

A

The thing speaks for itself

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14
Q

5 steps of grief

A

1) denial
2) anger
3) bargaining
4) depression
5) acceptance

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15
Q

Pulmonary Artery (Swan-Ganz) Catheters

A
  • used for diagnosis of R and L ventricular failure and pulmonary disorders, and to monitor effects of medications
  • tip of catheter placed in pulmonary artery
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16
Q

Nasal Cannula

A

21% to 60% oxygen delivered using flow of 1 to 6 L/min for adults

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17
Q

IV levels above vein

A

Minimum 18 inches (45cm) to maximum 24 inches (60cm)

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18
Q

Adult pulse rate

A

60-100 bpm

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19
Q

Child pulse rate

A

90-100 bpm

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20
Q

Infant pulse rate

A

80-120 bpm

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21
Q

Most common site to take pulse when conscious

A

Radial

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22
Q

Most common site to take pulse when unconscious

A

Carotid

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23
Q

Hypertension

A

High arterial bp
Above 140 mmHg systolic
Above 90 mmHg diastolic

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24
Q

Hypotension

A

Low arterial bp
Below 95 mmHg
Below 60 mmHg

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25
Adult Normal BP
Systolic 110-140 mmHg | Diastolic 60-80 mmHg
26
Children Normal BP
Systolic 70-112 | Diastolic 26-70
27
Infants Normal BP
Systolic 60-105 mmHg | Diastolic 22-60
28
Repertory rate for adults
12 to 20 per minute
29
Repertory rate for children
30 to 60 per minute
30
Spinal injuries
Horizontal beam lateral view xray of the spine should be obtained and cleared of C and L spine before patient moved
31
Syncope
Fainting
32
Hyperglycemia
- High blood sugar - Characterized by flushed, dry skin and mucous membrane, air hunger and fruity smelling breath, excessive thirst and urination - occurs slowly
33
Hypoglycemia
- low blood sugar - characterized by sweating, clammy, cold skin, nervousness and irritability, blurred vision - occurs rapidly
34
Arterial blood
Compression directly to the site or proximal to site, between the site and the heart
35
Venous blood
Compression to the site or distal to the site away from the heart
36
Orthostatic hypotension
Lightheaded feeling after being recumbent for too long (ex. Trendelenburg)
37
Epistaxis
Bleeding from nose
38
ETT should no go past level of what
Carina
39
How far superior should ETT stop from carina
5-7 cm
40
At what level does carina bifurcate
T5
41
What anatomy is effected by blow out fracture?
Orbital bones
42
Smiths fracture
Hand displaced anteriorly | Fracture of distal end of radius
43
Colles fracture
Posterior displacement of hand in relation to forearm
44
Avulsion
Chip of bone pulled away from rest
45
Bennets fracture
Fx at base of thumb (1st metacarpal)
46
Jons fracture
Base of 5th metatarsal
47
What is Medical aseptic technique used for
Reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted
48
How are microorganisms eliminated with medical aseptic technique
-microorganisms are eliminated through the use of soap, water, friction, and chemical disinfectants
49
What is surgical aseptic technique
-Complete removal of all organisms and their spores from equipment used to perform pt care
50
Sterile technique
Any procedure that involves catheterization of urinary bladder, tracheostomy care, dressing changes, penetration of skin
51
First level of medical asepsis
Cleanliness/Sanitation
52
Second level of medical asepsis
- Equipment disinfection | - Destruction of pathogens through chemical materials
53
Third level of medical asepsis
- equipment sterilization | - treating items with heat, gas, or chemicals to make them germ free
54
Fomites
Inanimate object that has made contact with infectious organism (food, water, gloves, equipment)
55
Vehicles
Transmission of infectious agent that is indirect by means of fomite that touches a person’s body of is ingested
56
Vectors
An arthropod (mosquito, flea, tick)
57
Nosocomial infection
Hospital acquired (UTI)
58
Nosocomial infection
Hospital acquired (UTI)
59
Iatrogenic infection
Physician caused
60
Ideopathic infection
Unknown cause
61
Chain of infection
``` Infectious agent Resevoir Portal of exit Mode of transmission Portal of entry Susceptible host ```
62
How long should hand washing last
20 seconds
63
How long should hand scrubbing last for sterile procedure
5 minutes
64
What should be removed when preparing syringes
Air bubbles
65
Operators dressed in sterile gowns pass how?
back to back
66
What is a common disinfectant used in radiology department
Bleach- mixed with water in a 1:10 ratio
67
Autoclaving
Steam sterilization
68
Alcohol is not a disinfectant but what?
Antiseptic- prevents the growth of microorganisms but does not kill them
69
Neutropenic Precautions (protective)
Reverse isolation
70
Sterilization
Complete killing of all microorganisms
71
Rectal IV height
No less than 18 inches (45 cm) and a maximum of 24 inches (60 cm) from site of introduction
72
Rectal contrast position
Sims position- pt lies on left side with right leg drawn forward in front of the left
73
Bolus injection aka
IV push
74
Infusion administration aka
IV drip
75
What is the single most commonly used contrast in rad?
Air
76
Negative contrast agents
Uses gas to reduce or decrease the attenuating ability of the structures filled with gas
77
Positive contrast agents
Increases the attenuating ability of the structures containing the positive contrast
78
Osmolarity
- Concentration of an osmotic solution - increased osmolarity of contrast increases reaction risk - ionic solutions have higher osmolarity than non-ionic
79
Viscosity
Thickness of contrast media
80
How to reduce viscosity of an ion?
Warm it up
81
How much kilovoltage for double barium study?
Above 90
82
How much kilovoltage for single contrast study?
100-125 kVp
83
Gastrografin
Water soluble, iodine based positive contrast
84
Creatinine values
0.7-1.3 mg/dL
85
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
8-25 mg/dL
86
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
90-120 mL/min/1.73 m sqaured
87
Estimated GFR
Best test to measure kidney function and determine stage of kidney disease
88
Hypovolemic shock
From external hemorrhage, lacerations, or plasma loss due to burns
89
Septic shock
Results from massive infection
90
Neurogenic shock
Patients that suffer head or spinal trauma resulting in a failure of arterial resistance
91
Cardiogenic shock
From cardiac failure
92
Anaphylaxis
From being injected with foreign protein, bee sting, or iodinated media
93
Symptoms of contrast reaction
Increase in pulse rate | A fall in bp (hypotension) accompanied with itching, flushing, and shortness of breath

ARRT (9 decks)

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