Deck 2 Flashcards
(15 cards)
Natural foci are described by ?
Geographically and seasonally.
Swine strepto-meningitis ?
Zoonotic.
Tetanus is ?
Anaerobic.
(Caused by Clostridium tetani - Gram positive)
ELISA main principle:
Combining Ab+Ag that’s visualised by an enzyme and chromeogen using spectrophotometer.
- One is labelled with suitable enzyme so there is an enzym activity of the antigen-antibody complex.
- Using suitable substrate that is degraded by the enzyme into coloured products = colour change.
- Often used horseradish peroxidease, beta galatosidase, alkaline phosphatese, lysozyme.
- Detected by spectrophotometer - degree of colour difference between investigated samples and known control by using calibration curve or subjective = visual.
- Indirect ELISA - looking for antibody in the serum, plates incubated with antigen, serum added and antibody binds, incubate, then wash - antiglobulin linked to enzyme then added and binds to antibody - look at colour reaction.
- Sandwich ELISA - looking for antigen - coat well with specific antibody, antigen solution added and bound by capture Ab - wash and specific Ab-enzyme labelled antiglobulin added - colour reaction.
- Competitive ELISA - known amount of labelled Ag competes with investigated amount of non-labelled Ag for Ab binding sites on surface.
- Blocking ELISA - purified Ag binds to solid phase - test serum added, incubated and washed - labelled Ab against Ag added - negative colour reaction = presence of Ab in serum, positive = no Ab in investigated serum.
Stain used for mycobacterium ?
Ziehl-Neelsen.
Epizootiological triad:
- Animal population
- Aetiologic agents
- Environmental factors
3 phases of infection/stages of new epizootic process:
- Incubation period (from exposure to development of clinical signs).
- Prodromal period (non-specific clinical signs).
- Manifestation (specific clinical signs).
- Final period - (incomplete/complete recover or death).
Diseases - way of transmission ?
- Horizontal
→ Direct
→ Indirect - Vehicle or vector - Vertical
- Primary
→ Direct contact
→ Transplacental - Secondary
→ From environment
→ Other sources
What causes strangles ?
Streptococcus equi
- Subsp. equi
What causes FMD ?
Aphthovirus, picornavirus.
Leptospirosis reservoir ?
Rodents.
What causes bluetongue ?
Orbivirus, reovirus.
Transmission of listeria:
- Direct
- Oral
For what species is Aujeszky disease fatal ?
Dogs.
What is principle of AGID ?
Simultaneous migration of antigen and antibodies toward each other through an agar gel matrix. When the antigen and specific antibodies come in contact, they combine to form a precipitate which is trapped in the gel matrix and produces a visible line.
- Incubation for 24 hrs.
- Positive serum = shows precipitation line.
- Negative serum = no precipitation Iine.
