Deck 4 Flashcards
(40 cards)
components of the respiratory system include:
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli, diaphragm, muscles surrounding ribs
the respiratory system supplies ___
oxygen
external respiration occurs between ___
atmosphere and blood
internal respiration occurs between ___
blood and body cells
upper passageways serve to ___
warm, filter, and moisten incoming air
cilia and mucous membranes ___
warm, filter, and moisten incoming air
inhalation requires ___
contraction of diaphragm; enlargement of thoracic cavity
most carbon dioxide is converted to ___
bicarbonate ions
carbon dioxide is a regulator of ___
pH
digestive tract
a tube that consists of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
digestive tract has ___ layers
four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
accessory organs of digestion include ___
liver, pancreas, gallbladder
mastication
chewing of food
saliva ___ the chewed food
lubricates and dilutes
amylase digests ___
complex carbohydrates
bolus
a ball of food that is swallowed
hydrochloric acid unwinds ___
proteins so the enzyme pepsin can digest food
bolus is mixed with ___
gastric secretions into chyme
most digestion and absorption occurs in ___
small intestine
bile is made in ___
liver and stored in gallbladder
bile emulsifies ___
fats
amino acids and monosaccharides are ___
directly absorbed into blood
lacteals absorb ___
fats, which are added into the bloodstream
the nutrient rich blood enters ___
hepatic portal vein and then into the liver for decontamination
