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Internal Medicine > Deck 6 > Flashcards

Deck 6 Flashcards

1
Q

treatment of HHS initially

A

aggressvie hydration with NS, IV insulin, potassium replacement

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2
Q

what is ADH like in adrenal insufficiency

A

it is often increased because cortisol suppresses it and so when there is low cortisol there is high ADH

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3
Q

when do you start fibrates for hypertriglyceridemia

A

> 500

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4
Q

how do you treat afib in the setting of hyperthyroidism

A

propanolol bc it also decreases the conversion of T4 to T3

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5
Q

what is the the pH of a person with salycilic poisoning

A

mixed acid-base bc there is respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation and acidosis from the salicylate inhibiting ox phos

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6
Q

what are distinguishing factors for being a confounding variable

A

the variable should be related to both the exposure and outcome

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7
Q

what is a case control study

A

this is when you have a disease group and a non disease group and compare their exposures to see what caused the disease

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8
Q

what is a cohort study

A

this is where you look at people with the risk factor and without and compare disease incidence

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9
Q

what is a murmur typically heard more in the first right rib

A

supravalvular aortic stenosis

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10
Q

why do patients get chest pain with exertion and aortic stenosis

A

due to increased myocaridal O2 demand from increased hypertrophy which decreases blood availability to the endocardium

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11
Q

what is AVNRT

A

this is atrio ventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

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12
Q

how to stop AVNRT initially

A

vagal maneuvers

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13
Q

what dx is associated with peripheral vision loss

A

glaucoma

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14
Q

what is alcoholic hallucinosis and when does it occur

A

this occurs after about 12 hours and can be hallucinations, tremulousness, and stable vital signs

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15
Q

cause of pericarditis after MI

A

immune mediated inflammation (dresler syndrome)

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16
Q

what infections cause granulomas in the lungs

A

histo, blasto, tb

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17
Q

treatment of hyperthyroid in severe thyrotoxicosis

A

you do Anti thyroid drugs and then beta blockers before you do radioactive therapy, you need to do these first to control ti

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18
Q

treatment of a hemodynamically stable pt in vtach

A

amiodarone

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19
Q

treatment of micobacterium avium complex

A

macrolide

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20
Q

adverse effect of beta 2 agonists

A

hypokalemia

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21
Q

clinical signs of hypokalemia

A

arrythmias, hyporeflexia, rhabdo, tremors

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22
Q

what drugs are -stigmines

A

achtycholinesterase inhibitors

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23
Q

when can you consider discontinueing anti seizure drugs

A

> 2 years seizure free

24
Q

signs of orthostatic hypotension

A

feeling faint after standing from a sitting position

25
Q

what should happen to your arterioles when you stand up to maintain blood pressure

A

they should contract, if they dont you get orthostatic hypotension

26
Q

what to do for a patient with cough after URI

A

first gen antihistamine

27
Q

when do you see hemorrhagic conversion strokes on CT

A

hours to days later

28
Q

what causes cor pulmonale

A

pulmonary hypertensino

29
Q

pentad of TTP

A

thrombocytopenia, MAHA, renal insufficiency, neuro changes, fever

30
Q

treatment of TTP

A

plasma exchange

31
Q

what is urine sodium like in SIADH

A

it is high because ADH is a natrietic peptide

32
Q

volume status of SIADH patients

A

euvolumic

33
Q

what is becks triad

A

muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypotention (from decreased CO)

34
Q

what is the FENa/urine sodium in prerenal AKI

A

<2% and <20

35
Q

when do you hear the HCM murmur

A

systolic

36
Q

if you have a patient who has signs of ACS what should you give them immediately

A

aspirin

37
Q

what is prolactin like in hypothyroidism

A

it can be elevated because TRH stimulates it

38
Q

prolactin effect on FSH/LH

A

decreases it

39
Q

what is the LAP score like in CML

A

low

40
Q

what is the LDH criteria for lights exudate

A

Serum:pleural >0.6

41
Q

transudative pleural fluid pH vs. exudative

A

transudate 7.4-7.55 // exudate 7.3-7.45

42
Q

meniere disease signs

A

episodic vertico, sensorineuronal hearing los, tinnitus

43
Q

signs of early neurosyphilis

A

meningitis, ischemic stroke, hearing loss, tinitis, uveitis

44
Q

signs of late neurosyphilis

A

general paresis, tabes dorsalis

45
Q

what does herpes keratitis look like

A

branched dendritic ulcerations

46
Q

what is the rash like in disseminated gonnococcal infection

A

vescicular, pustular, or maculopapular

47
Q

is PBC or PSC more associated with cholangioCA

A

PSC

48
Q

which has antimitochondrial Abs PBC or PSC

A

PBC

49
Q

what eye problem has a dark red glow on exam

A

vitroius hemorrhage

50
Q

what gives you a cherry red spot on opthalmoscope

A

retinal artery occlusion

51
Q

what is Na like in urine in prerenal

A

<20 because of decreased blood flow!!

52
Q

what is acid base like in hepatorenal

A

metabolic acidosis

53
Q

pathophysiology of pagets

A

osteoclast dysfunction

54
Q

what cardiac etiologies cause pulsus paradoxus

A

cardiac tampenode and constrictive pericarditis

55
Q

which has low DTR myasthenia or lambert-eaton

A

LE

Internal Medicine (6 decks)

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