Deck 6

Question 1

treatment of HHS initially

Answer 1

aggressvie hydration with NS, IV insulin, potassium replacement

Question 2

what is ADH like in adrenal insufficiency

Answer 2

it is often increased because cortisol suppresses it and so when there is low cortisol there is high ADH

Question 3

when do you start fibrates for hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 3

> 500

Question 4

how do you treat afib in the setting of hyperthyroidism

Answer 4

propanolol bc it also decreases the conversion of T4 to T3

Question 5

what is the the pH of a person with salycilic poisoning

Answer 5

mixed acid-base bc there is respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation and acidosis from the salicylate inhibiting ox phos

Question 6

what are distinguishing factors for being a confounding variable

Answer 6

the variable should be related to both the exposure and outcome

Question 7

what is a case control study

Answer 7

this is when you have a disease group and a non disease group and compare their exposures to see what caused the disease

Question 8

what is a cohort study

Answer 8

this is where you look at people with the risk factor and without and compare disease incidence

Question 9

what is a murmur typically heard more in the first right rib

Answer 9

supravalvular aortic stenosis

Question 10

why do patients get chest pain with exertion and aortic stenosis

Answer 10

due to increased myocaridal O2 demand from increased hypertrophy which decreases blood availability to the endocardium

Question 11

what is AVNRT

Answer 11

this is atrio ventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

Question 12

how to stop AVNRT initially

Answer 12

vagal maneuvers

Question 13

what dx is associated with peripheral vision loss

Answer 13

glaucoma

Question 14

what is alcoholic hallucinosis and when does it occur

Answer 14

this occurs after about 12 hours and can be hallucinations, tremulousness, and stable vital signs

Question 15

cause of pericarditis after MI

Answer 15

immune mediated inflammation (dresler syndrome)

Question 16

what infections cause granulomas in the lungs

Answer 16

histo, blasto, tb

Question 17

treatment of hyperthyroid in severe thyrotoxicosis

Answer 17

you do Anti thyroid drugs and then beta blockers before you do radioactive therapy, you need to do these first to control ti

Question 18

treatment of a hemodynamically stable pt in vtach

Answer 18

amiodarone

Question 19

treatment of micobacterium avium complex

Answer 19

macrolide

Question 20

adverse effect of beta 2 agonists

Answer 20

hypokalemia

Question 21

clinical signs of hypokalemia

Answer 21

arrythmias, hyporeflexia, rhabdo, tremors

Question 22

what drugs are -stigmines

Answer 22

achtycholinesterase inhibitors

Question 23

when can you consider discontinueing anti seizure drugs

Answer 23

> 2 years seizure free

Question 24

signs of orthostatic hypotension

Answer 24

feeling faint after standing from a sitting position

Question 25

what should happen to your arterioles when you stand up to maintain blood pressure

Answer 25

they should contract, if they dont you get orthostatic hypotension

Question 26

what to do for a patient with cough after URI

Answer 26

first gen antihistamine

Question 27

when do you see hemorrhagic conversion strokes on CT

Answer 27

hours to days later

Question 28

what causes cor pulmonale

Answer 28

pulmonary hypertensino

Question 29

pentad of TTP

Answer 29

thrombocytopenia, MAHA, renal insufficiency, neuro changes, fever

Question 30

treatment of TTP

Answer 30

plasma exchange

Question 31

what is urine sodium like in SIADH

Answer 31

it is high because ADH is a natrietic peptide

Question 32

volume status of SIADH patients

Answer 32

euvolumic

Question 33

what is becks triad

Answer 33

muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypotention (from decreased CO)

Question 34

what is the FENa/urine sodium in prerenal AKI

Answer 34

<2% and <20

Question 35

when do you hear the HCM murmur

Answer 35

systolic

Question 36

if you have a patient who has signs of ACS what should you give them immediately

Answer 36

aspirin

Question 37

what is prolactin like in hypothyroidism

Answer 37

it can be elevated because TRH stimulates it

Question 38

prolactin effect on FSH/LH

Answer 38

decreases it

Question 39

what is the LAP score like in CML

Answer 39

low

Question 40

what is the LDH criteria for lights exudate

Answer 40

Serum:pleural >0.6

Question 41

transudative pleural fluid pH vs. exudative

Answer 41

transudate 7.4-7.55 // exudate 7.3-7.45

Question 42

meniere disease signs

Answer 42

episodic vertico, sensorineuronal hearing los, tinnitus

Question 43

signs of early neurosyphilis

Answer 43

meningitis, ischemic stroke, hearing loss, tinitis, uveitis

Question 44

signs of late neurosyphilis

Answer 44

general paresis, tabes dorsalis

Question 45

what does herpes keratitis look like

Answer 45

branched dendritic ulcerations

Question 46

what is the rash like in disseminated gonnococcal infection

Answer 46

vescicular, pustular, or maculopapular

Question 47

is PBC or PSC more associated with cholangioCA

Answer 47

PSC

Question 48

which has antimitochondrial Abs PBC or PSC

Answer 48

PBC

Question 49

what eye problem has a dark red glow on exam

Answer 49

vitroius hemorrhage

Question 50

what gives you a cherry red spot on opthalmoscope

Answer 50

retinal artery occlusion

Question 51

what is Na like in urine in prerenal

Answer 51

<20 because of decreased blood flow!!

Question 52

what is acid base like in hepatorenal

Answer 52

metabolic acidosis

Question 53

pathophysiology of pagets

Answer 53

osteoclast dysfunction

Question 54

what cardiac etiologies cause pulsus paradoxus

Answer 54

cardiac tampenode and constrictive pericarditis

Question 55

which has low DTR myasthenia or lambert-eaton

Answer 55

LE