Deck 9

Question 1

Who is at risk for Bells palsy?

Answer 1

Sarcoidosis, tumors, diabetes, AIDS, Lyme dz

Question 2

What flu prophalaxis med has dopamine activity?

Answer 2

Amantadine: releases endogenous dopamine. Prevent viral uncoating through blockage of M2 proton channels

Question 3

What would make you think more encephalitis than meningitis?

Answer 3

Absence of normal brain function (altered mental status, sensory or motor deficits)

Question 4

What does AFP in amniotic fluid mean (pregnant women)?

Answer 4

Neural tube defect (except spina occult which is still covered)- AFP leaks out of spinal cord

Question 5

Symptoms of homocysteinuria?

Answer 5

Progressive intellectual disability, marfanoid habitus, lens dislocation (ectopia lentis), vascualr thrombosis. Normal at birth

Question 6

What drugs have zero order kinetics?

Answer 6

Phenytoin, Ethanol, aspirin = PEA. Also anticoagulants heparin and warfarin

Question 7

What are SE of antiseizure medication valproate?

Answer 7

Teratogenic effect - neural tube defects, weight gain, lethargy, resp depression, GI, tremors or clonus, liver toxicity

Question 8

What do you use for valproate toxicity?

Answer 8

Carnitine (pro carnage)

Question 9

Bilateral hearing loss from masses- what is it? What cell is affected?

Answer 9

NF-2: Schwann cell

Question 10

Melanin comes from what germ cell layer?

Answer 10

neural crest

Question 11

Mutation of FGFR causes what condition?

Answer 11

Achondroplasia

Question 12

In Brocas aphasia, where do most people have damage/ clot?

Answer 12

Left middle cerebral artery

Question 13

What is dantrolene used for?

Answer 13

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 14

Why is pralodoxime used for sludge? What does it do?

Answer 14

Acetylcholinesterase regenerator

Question 15

What antiseizure med causes agranulocytosis?

Answer 15

Carbamazepine: inactives sodium channels, and inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Bunch of side effects

Question 16

Reactive arthritis is seen with what bugs?

Answer 16

SSYCC: salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter, chlamydia

Question 17

Alport syndrome?

Answer 17

hereditary glomerulonephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, ocular abnormalities. Defect in type IV collagen

Question 18

What ab muscle gives rise to cremaster muscle?

Answer 18

Internal oblique

Question 19

What arch develops muscles to elevate pharynx and palate?

Answer 19

3- stylopharyngeus, 4- levator palatini

Question 20

What are the different mutations for muscle dystrophies BMD & DMD?

Answer 20

BMD: in frame deletion causes abnormal/ less severe. DMD: out of frame deletion causes truncated dystrophin protein

Question 21

Characteristics of pemphus vulgaris?

Answer 21

4-5th decades of life, flaccid (fragile) blisters on face, axilla, trunk, mucosa. Attacks desmosones (macula adherens)

Question 22

What drugs are associated with stevens-johnson syndrome?

Answer 22

Lamotrigine, phenytoin, ethosuxamide, carbamazepine

Question 23

Which arthritides are HLA-B27 positive?

Answer 23

PAIR: Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, IBD, Reactive arthritis

Question 24

What is enzyme defect in albinism?

Answer 24

Tyrosinase- converts tyrosine to dopaquinone. Necessary for phenylalanine (makes melanin)

Question 25

Which NSAID has least GI irritation?

Answer 25

Celecoxib: COX-2 selective inhibitor

Question 26

What medication is used for osteoporosis and causes erosive esophagitis?

Answer 26

Bisphosphonates: alendronate

Question 27

What muscles does radial nerve innervate?

Answer 27

the BEST: brachioradialis, extensors of wrist/ fingers, supinator, triceps

Question 28

In what condition do you see improvement with repetitive stimulation?

Answer 28

Lambert Eaton- problem with pre-synaptic voltage gated Ca channels (are able to get more vesicles over time). MG gets worse with more stimulation

Question 29

What condition can coexist with temporal arteritis?

Answer 29

Polymyalgia rheumatica

Question 30

Characteristics of churgg strauss?

Answer 30

Asthma, eosinophilia, paranasal sinusitis, pulmonary infiltrates, mononeuritis or polyneuropathy

Question 31

Describe SSPE from measles?

Answer 31

Personality changes, lethargy, difficulty in school, odd behavior…. Then dementia, myoclonic jerking, flaccidity, decorticate rigidity

Question 32

Describe most common cause of bronchiolitis/ pneumonia in kids…

Answer 32

RSV: enveloped ssRNA, non segmented

Question 33

Negative nitroblue tetrazolium means what?

Answer 33

Abnormal NADPH oxidase activity => CGD. X-linked

Question 34

What does disulfiram bind to? Causing build up of what?

Answer 34

Binds to 2nd enzyme in step (NAD+) causing build up of acetaldehyde

Question 35

Mnemonic to remember essential amino acids?

Answer 35

PVT TIM HALL

Question 36

Pregnant woman with fever, myalgia, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice in africa…?

Answer 36

Hep E (histo shows hepatic tissue necrosis)

Question 37

Deficiency of lysosomal enzyme a-1,4-glucosidase?

Answer 37

Pompe dz: accumulation of glycogen in heart, liver, skeletal muscles. Hypotonia, and weakness and early death

Question 38

What artery does the R. recurrent laryngeal nerve wrap around?

Answer 38

R. subclavian

Question 39

What skin layer are melanocytes in?

Answer 39

Basalis

Question 40

Bruton & Wiskott aldrich are both x recessive. How are they different?

Answer 40

Bruton: decreased all immunoglobulins. Wiskott = increased IgA