Deck no. 25 Flashcards
(250 cards)
1
Q
to take a bite out of
A
zabrać pewną część czegoś
Call it “investment normcore”— clothes that blend in with a man-of-the-people look but take a bite out of one’s bank account.
2
Q
pojedynek
A
duel
Yet chess champions have always brought along seconds, in a variety of roles, for these duels as far back as the 19th century. Most are there to finesse opening theory. But Carlsen also likes to talk fantasy Premier League and play soccer on off days between games.
3
Q
odpychać, zrażać
A
to repulse
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
4
Q
zmowa, coś ukartowanego
A
put-up job
“This is not quite a put-up job, but nonetheless has been cobbled together so that Ghislaine is made to face the charges that Epstein never faced,” her brother, Ian Maxwell, told the Associated Press.
5
Q
wchodzić w grę
A
to be at play
The breadth of instances BTIG identifies in which independent marketplaces have prospered often even in the face of aggressive attack by Amazon suggests that more fundamental structural issues are at play.
6
Q
to hamstring
A
ograniczać, paraliżować
Apple has a healthy 11% market share in China. But another Western tech giant, Microsoft Corp., which first opened a China office in 1992, now finds itself hamstrung by the country’s nationalism in areas such as cloud storage.
7
Q
to flatten
A
tu: zrównać z ziemią
There’s one scene where Dennis starts to explain his self-assigned homework of learning how the ball would bounce and spin off missed shots from different players from every spot on the floor. The moment, however, was immediately meme-ified and flattened, with Dennis’s flailing arms and facial expression used as fodder for feelings of exasperation or confusion.
8
Q
to stratify
A
rozwarstwiać
Those who do not capitulate will be relegated to the bottom rung of our increasingly stratified economy.
9
Q
bo pożałujesz (używane, aby komuś zagrozić)
A
or else
Hong Kong Says Vote—or else.
10
Q
odwieść (np. od jakiegoś pomysłu)
A
to dissuade
This has not dissuaded the media or other academics from characterizing Tirole’s intellectual contribution as somehow applying uniquely or differently to “Internet-era companies.”
11
Q
to hit a ceiling
A
a sign that the company is exceeding growth plans
Yet in a recent survey of roughly 1,600 Chinese consumers, Tesla ranked among the top auto brands to avoid, signaling that the company could be hitting a ceiling on market share, Bernstein Research analysts said.
12
Q
faktycznie, w rzeczywistości
A
effectively
Ads for after-school tutoring are also banned, but that is effectively the case already—one reason advertising revenue for companies like Tencent and Baidu slowed in the recent quarter.
13
Q
the stuff of legend
A
legendarny
The impact of technology on the music industry is the stuff of legend at this point, but now that the companies have discovered a sustainable piracy-free pricing model for digital distribution, the business has enjoyed a resurgence.
14
Q
niewyobrażalny, ogromny, zadziwiający
A
mind-boggling
That said, the diversity of connections made possible by the internet has spawned a mind-boggling array of legitimate platform businesses, often with very different business models.
15
Q
asking price
A
cena wywoławcza
Asking rents for some of the remaining space are more than $300 a square foot, near record levels for U.S. office space.
16
Q
rozwarstwiać
A
to stratify
Those who do not capitulate will be relegated to the bottom rung of our increasingly stratified economy.
17
Q
old head
A
starsza lub doświadczona osoba
He’s an old head with old-head views on the modern game, but the way he talks about it makes you suspect that he wishes the next generation would call him up to work with them, to absorb what he knows, the way players have called up former Houston Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon to show them his footwork in the post.
18
Q
to gain traction
A
zyskać uznanie,
Long term, Tesla is likely to lose ground in China to domestic competitors, industry analysts say. Earlier this year, Morgan Stanley analysts forecast that Tesla would make up roughly 15% of China’s all-electric vehicle market this year but that this would fall below 7% by 2030 as homegrown companies gain traction.
19
Q
uzasadniony
A
warranted
Research firm BTIG has noted that investors in independent marketplaces are “perpetually petrified of competition from Amazon, Facebook, and Google.” After reviewing the data, however, they concluded that “investor concerns are largely unwarranted.”
20
Q
państwo opiekuńcze (pejoratywnie); rząd, który próbuje nadmiernie kontrolować życie swoich obywateli
A
nanny state
Beijing goes full nanny state on internet tech.
21
Q
wydarzyć się
A
to go down
I have no idea how to prepare for whatever could go down at a party hosted by one of the most notorious partiers of all time.
22
Q
to take hold
A
zacząć być akceptowanym, utrwalać się
The tenacity with which the Platform Delusion has taken hold, not just in the public imagination but among institutional investors, reflects in part the sustained efforts of those who have a vested interest in its continued vitality.
23
Q
napięcie (np. emocjonalne), stres
A
strain
His relationship with his kids is strained, and he thinks often about Alexis, his first, who was born in 1988. Dennis wasn’t around much when she was growing up. Professional athletes have intense schedules, and on top of that, Dennis was always off partying.
24
Q
całościowy, obejmujący wszystkie elementy, wszechstronny (np. rozwiązanie)
A
all-encompassing
To suggest otherwise—that is, to proffer a simple unitary all-encompassing platform-driven basis for their success—is reminiscent of a particular sleight of hand favored by media moguls: if you only count the hits, inherently risky businesses suddenly seem invincible.
25
karmić się
to feed off
What is so irresistible about network effects is their potential to **feed off** themselves. There is something compelling about the virtuous circle of steadily increasing advantage reflected in the most successful businesses built on network effects.
26
mieć miejsce, być prawdą
be the case
Ads for after-school tutoring are also banned, but that **is effectively the case** already—one reason advertising revenue for companies like Tencent and Baidu slowed in the recent quarter.
27
to fall through
nie dojść do skutku, nie powieść się, nie udawać się, nawalić
GM officials are in talks with local governments to secure tax abatements and other approvals for the projects, and the plans could **fall through** or be altered, the people said.
28
large-cap
z dużym kapitałem akcyjnym (o akcjach)
Consumer proclivity to shop online varies dramatically by product and Amazon’s relative success online varies as starkly by category. It is notable that two of the relatively small number of **large-cap** consumer internet companies are e-commerce retailers in categories that one would have expected Amazon to dominate if the Platform Delusion were true.
29
mimochodem
in passing
Further proof that the one percent seems to prefer costly clothes that look entirely banal **in passing**: Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has spoken at conferences while wearing subdued white $690 Gucci sneakers and, infamously, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s muted gray T-shirts from Italian luxury label Brunello Cucinelli cost $300-ish.
30
wziąć się w garść
to get one's act together
The explanations provided relate overwhelmingly to flawed execution—whether because of an “uncompetitive offering” or simply “losing interest” in the targeted segment—rather than structural issues. These conclusions suggest that if only Amazon or another internet giant **got its act together** it really could dominate everything.
31
styl mody bazujący na codziennych, zwyczajnych ubraniach, niczym niewyróżniający się styl ubierania
normcore
Call it “investment **normcore**”— clothes that blend in with a man-of-the-people look but take a bite out of one’s bank account.
32
to do double duty as something
służyć również jako coś
The festivities are set to take place at Salt7, which bills itself as an upscale steakhouse that **pulls double duty as** a nightclub.
33
beneficiary
beneficjent, świadczeniobiorca (osoba odnosząca z czegoś korzyść), spadkobierca
A sore point for local rivals of Tesla is a government policy aimed at encouraging auto makers to produce more electric vehicles. Companies that don’t build enough must purchase credits from those that do. Tesla has been one of the chief **beneficiaries** of this rule.
34
to manhandle
sponiewierać, obchodzić się brutalnie
Which is why his time in San Antonio was such an uneasy fit. Of note was his frontcourt running mate David Robinson, the all-star center, who didn’t play with the kind of toughness Dennis was accustomed to coming from Detroit, where they **manhandled** opponents and were prepared to win both the game and the ensuing fistfight.
35
gniew
wrath
It has drawn **wrath** from domestic rivals over what they see as preferential treatment, suffers criticism of its vehicle quality from drivers and Chinese officials, and has been caught up in the government’s sweeping crackdown on big tech.
36
put-up job
zmowa, coś ukartowanego
“This is not quite a **put-up job**, but nonetheless has been cobbled together so that Ghislaine is made to face the charges that Epstein never faced,” her brother, Ian Maxwell, told the Associated Press.
37
slipstream
cień aerodynamiczny
It has thrived in Tesla’s **slipstream**, as have two Chinese peers that sell premium electric vehicles, Li Auto Inc. and XPeng Inc. The three companies’ electric-vehicle sales are likely to total more than 270,000 this year, up from around 12,000 in 2018, according to a forecast by consulting firm ZoZo Go LLC.
38
to grill
maglować, przepytywać
During his second spell in charge, he faced multiple **grillings** by US regulators over his approach to free speech, particular after he oversaw the banning of former president Donald Trump from the platform in the wake of the US Capitol riots on January 6 this year.
39
apparent
oczywisty, widoczny; pozorny
As mentioned in chapter 5, in earlier times and under less scrutiny, Amazon would likely have been able to eliminate this **apparent** anomaly by simply buying Wayfair and Chewy as it did Diapers.com, Zappos, and other pesky vertical leaders.
40
to bite the hand that feeds
gryźć rękę, która karmi
The closest thing to a structural impediment identified are the risks associated with “**biting the hand that feeds**” the internet giants, citing Google’s reluctance to compete directly with Booking and Expedia, who provide billions in advertising revenues.
41
wtrącić się; dopowiedzieć coś; przytaknąć
to chime in
A driver at an auto show publicly blamed Tesla brakes for an accident, after which China’s top legal-affairs agency **chimed in**, calling the company arrogant.
42
man-of-the-people
człowiek ludu, trybun ludowy
*a man (such as a politician) who understands and is liked by ordinary people*
Call it “investment normcore”— clothes that blend in with a **man-of-the-people** look but take a bite out of one’s bank account.
43
paczka (np. znajomych)
crowd
A solid cashmere cap that the uninformed could mistake for a $17 Gap hat exemplifies this trend for gratuitous luxury. It is the $295 hamburger of the clothing world—a polarizing extravagance that you must be this rich to partake in. Much the way Instagramming that hamburger with a coded caption clues in only insiders, part of these hats’ appeal is that they alert other one-percenters that you’re with the investment-banker **crowd**.
44
gaudy
krzykliwy, jaskrawy (kolor)
A prevailing mentality is that if you wear logos from head to toe, “you are **gaudy**, you’re new money,” said Tiffanie Woods, 29, a social media manager in Buffalo, N.Y., who also runs the Instagram account @successionfits, which identifies clothes worn on the HBO show.
45
effectively
faktycznie, w rzeczywistości
Ads for after-school tutoring are also banned, but that is **effectively** the case already—one reason advertising revenue for companies like Tencent and Baidu slowed in the recent quarter.
46
take
utarg, przychód (np. dzienny)
Protecting drivers’ rights is a key objective, including ensuring they get enough time off and benefits like social insurance. The guidelines also said ride-hailing companies should set a “reasonable” cap on their **take** from fares—and disclose them publicly.
47
broad-based
globalny; powszechny; o szerokim zapleczu
The ability of a niche commerce player like Etsy or 1stDibs to secure a sustainable competitive advantage on the supply side through proprietary technology vis-à-vis much larger **broad-based** competitors like Amazon, by contrast, may seem fanciful on its face.
48
to relegate
degradować; klasyfikować (coś), kierować (na odpowiednie miejsce)
Those who do not capitulate will be **relegated** to the bottom rung of our increasingly stratified economy.
49
gryźć rękę, która karmi
to bite the hand that feeds
The closest thing to a structural impediment identified are the risks associated with “**biting the hand that feeds**” the internet giants, citing Google’s reluctance to compete directly with Booking and Expedia, who provide billions in advertising revenues.
50
obrazić kogoś
to diss
He takes a drag of the cigar and seems immediately pacified, so I tell him that I was a Chicago Bulls fan even though I grew up in Virginia Beach, hoping to break the ice. “Sounds original,” he says dryly. Dennis Rodman just **dissed** me, and I’m choosing to take this as a sign that the cigar has him su ciently relaxed.
51
niższej jakości, gorszy
inferior
More realistically, such investments seem essential to avoid being put potentially at a significant competitive disadvantage relative to companies whose R&D budgets just in these areas often exceed the total revenues of more focused competitors. That said, even **inferior** technology when combined with unique and highly probative data sets can yield superior insights.
52
ogłaszać, afiszować
to bill
The festivities are set to take place at Salt7, which **bills** itself as an upscale steakhouse that pulls double duty as a nightclub.
53
cena wywoławcza
asking price
**Asking rents** for some of the remaining space are more than $300 a square foot, near record levels for U.S. office space.
54
skłonność, tendencja
proclivity
Consumer **proclivity** to shop online varies dramatically by product and Amazon’s relative success online varies as starkly by category. It is notable that two of the relatively small number of large-cap consumer internet companies are e-commerce retailers in categories that one would have expected Amazon to dominate if the Platform Delusion were true.
55
stawać na drodze czegoś
to get in the way of
Dennis understands how race functions in America perfectly well. He’d just rather not talk about it, I gather, because it **gets in the way of** having a good time.
56
małomówność, powściągliwość w słowach
reticence
Part of that may be down to sensible caution. But **reticence** can further complicate relations with customers, many of which are reluctant to place orders unless they can get capacity guarantees, says a semiconductor executive at another firm.
57
to whet
pobudzać, wyostrzać (np. apetyt)
As in the West, Tesla’s arrival **whetted** people’s interest in electric vehicles. The 2019 launch of the made-in-China Tesla Model 3 helped convince consumers such vehicles were a viable alternative to gasoline cars.
58
popychać do przodu
to propel
Chinese sales helped **propel** Tesla to its first full year of profitability in 2020 and provided roughly a fourth of Tesla’s revenue in the first nine months of 2021. Mr. Musk, meanwhile, has cemented his place as the world’s wealthiest person.
59
to impair
uszkodzić
Mr. Danto said, but the experience also made him realize just how much he relies on AWS. “You start to worry, how vulnerable are we to this one service? It raises panic.” Amazon blamed the outage on **impaired** network devices.
60
sponiewierać, obchodzić się brutalnie
to manhandle
Which is why his time in San Antonio was such an uneasy fit. Of note was his frontcourt running mate David Robinson, the all-star center, who didn’t play with the kind of toughness Dennis was accustomed to coming from Detroit, where they **manhandled** opponents and were prepared to win both the game and the ensuing fistfight.
61
to moonlight
dorabiać, chałturzyć
WHEN MAGNUS CARLSEN prepared to take on India’s Viswanathan Anand for the 2014 World Chess Championship in Sochi, the Norwegian champion had a Russian asset in his corner. His name was Ian Nepomniachtchi, an up-andcoming grandmaster Carlsen had handpicked as one of his “seconds”— a term for the elite players who **moonlight** as study companions around the biggest matches.
62
collateral damage
straty uboczne, przypadkowe szkody; straty wśród ludności cywilnej po ataku militarnym
The rulers of this new global order are the early platform investors and the visionary entrepreneurs they back. Those who join them have a chance of survival. All the rest are **collateral damage**.
63
ujmujący, uroczy
endearing
On a team of big personalities, he was a quiet, relentless grinder—an **endearing** fan favorite.
64
straitlaced
purytański
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and **straitlaced** NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
65
kompleks (budynków na ogrodzonym terenie)
compound
Beijing’s embrace of Mr. Musk was so warm that at a meeting in 2019, Premier Li Keqiang offered to give him a “Chinese green card.” Mr. Musk let the premier take a Tesla for a spin within the gated Zhongnanhai leadership **compound**.
66
to propel
popychać do przodu
Chinese sales helped **propel** Tesla to its first full year of profitability in 2020 and provided roughly a fourth of Tesla’s revenue in the first nine months of 2021. Mr. Musk, meanwhile, has cemented his place as the world’s wealthiest person.
67
solid
jednolity (o kolorze lub substancji)
On the hit series, the **solid** caps “often represent authority and intimidation,” explained the show’s costume designer, Michelle Matland. As she sees it, the absence of a logo says there’s “no relevant team but… team Me,” making the hats fitting accessories for the show’s ego-centric characters.
68
reticence
małomówność, powściągliwość w słowach
Part of that may be down to sensible caution. But **reticence** can further complicate relations with customers, many of which are reluctant to place orders unless they can get capacity guarantees, says a semiconductor executive at another firm.
69
wymachiwać
to flail
There’s one scene where Dennis starts to explain his self-assigned homework of learning how the ball would bounce and spin off missed shots from different players from every spot on the floor. The moment, however, was immediately meme-ified and flattened, with Dennis’s **flailing** arms and facial expression used as fodder for feelings of exasperation or confusion.
70
maglować, przepytywać
to grill
During his second spell in charge, he faced multiple **grillings** by US regulators over his approach to free speech, particular after he oversaw the banning of former president Donald Trump from the platform in the wake of the US Capitol riots on January 6 this year.
71
normcore
styl mody bazujący na codziennych, zwyczajnych ubraniach, niczym niewyróżniający się styl ubierania
Call it “investment **normcore**”— clothes that blend in with a man-of-the-people look but take a bite out of one’s bank account.
72
bezsporny (np. fakt)
unassailable
Artificial intelligence has been promoted almost as vigorously as network effects as driving the **unassailability** and inevitable global domination of digital platforms. The proliferation of new vertically focused multibillion-dollar software companies undermines the predictions that AI will lead to “the gradual demise of traditional specialization” and an increasingly winner-take-all world.
73
to hold
zorganizować
Amazon gets federal order to **hold** new union vote.
74
warranted
uzasadniony
Research firm BTIG has noted that investors in independent marketplaces are “perpetually petrified of competition from Amazon, Facebook, and Google.” After reviewing the data, however, they concluded that “investor concerns are largely **unwarranted**.”
75
długotrwały
long-standing
Going big on services could also jeopardise SE’s **long-standing** and successful partnerships with software giants such as Google and Microsoft.
76
stealth
ukryty, podstępny, chytry
Rich-guy ballcaps radiate a **stealth** wealth that reflects a larger truth about how the affluent dress today. The look expresses “the idea that really wealthy people don’t need to display their wealth” to the general public, said Kyle Stevens, 42, a film and TV professor at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.C., who took note of Mitch Kessler’s opulent cap while bingeing “The Morning Show.”
77
zyskać uznanie,
to gain traction
Long term, Tesla is likely to lose ground in China to domestic competitors, industry analysts say. Earlier this year, Morgan Stanley analysts forecast that Tesla would make up roughly 15% of China’s all-electric vehicle market this year but that this would fall below 7% by 2030 as homegrown companies **gain traction**.
78
pesky
dokuczliwy, natrętny, nieznośny
As mentioned in chapter 5, in earlier times and under less scrutiny, Amazon would likely have been able to eliminate this apparent anomaly by simply buying Wayfair and Chewy as it did Diapers.com, Zappos, and other **pesky** vertical leaders.
79
endearing
ujmujący, uroczy
On a team of big personalities, he was a quiet, relentless grinder—an **endearing** fan favorite.
80
to bill
ogłaszać, afiszować
The festivities are set to take place at Salt7, which **bills** itself as an upscale steakhouse that pulls double duty as a nightclub.
81
hub and spoke
system piasty i szprych
*being or relating to a system of routing air traffic in which a major airport serves as a central point for coordinating flights to and from other airports*
Law firm Greenberg Traurig decided to give up one of its four floors as it moved to a “**hub and spoke**” approach, in which the main offices in the tower are supplemented by four satellite sites near employees’ homes in the New York region.
82
## Footnote
*a sign that the company is exceeding growth plans*
to hit a ceiling
Yet in a recent survey of roughly 1,600 Chinese consumers, Tesla ranked among the top auto brands to avoid, signaling that the company could be **hitting a ceiling** on market share, Bernstein Research analysts said.
83
sklecać naprędce
to cobble together
“This is not quite a put-up job, but nonetheless has been **cobbled together** so that Ghislaine is made to face the charges that Epstein never faced,” her brother, Ian Maxwell, told the Associated Press.
84
straty uboczne, przypadkowe szkody; straty wśród ludności cywilnej po ataku militarnym
collateral damage
The rulers of this new global order are the early platform investors and the visionary entrepreneurs they back. Those who join them have a chance of survival. All the rest are **collateral damage**.
85
po czyjejś stronie, z czyjejś strony
on somebody's end
“When you first realize things aren’t working, you think it’s **on your end**, so you start tearing out your router and looking at your connections in the house,” said Mr. Danto, a tech specialist in Millburn, N.J.
86
zaproponować
to proffer
To suggest otherwise—that is, to **proffer** a simple unitary all-encompassing platform-driven basis for their success—is reminiscent of a particular sleight of hand favored by media moguls: if you only count the hits, inherently risky businesses suddenly seem invincible.
87
in due course
we właściwym czasie; docelowo
“**In due course**, we expect colleagues to be working two to three days per week at the audited entity site, one day in the office, and one to two days at home,” she said.
88
to diss
obrazić kogoś
He takes a drag of the cigar and seems immediately pacified, so I tell him that I was a Chicago Bulls fan even though I grew up in Virginia Beach, hoping to break the ice. “Sounds original,” he says dryly. Dennis Rodman just **dissed** me, and I’m choosing to take this as a sign that the cigar has him su ciently relaxed.
89
ograniczać, paraliżować
to hamstring
Apple has a healthy 11% market share in China. But another Western tech giant, Microsoft Corp., which first opened a China office in 1992, now finds itself **hamstrung** by the country’s nationalism in areas such as cloud storage.
90
drażliwy punkt, drażliwy temat
sore point
A **sore point** for local rivals of Tesla is a government policy aimed at encouraging auto makers to produce more electric vehicles. Companies that don’t build enough must purchase credits from those that do. Tesla has been one of the chief beneficiaries of this rule.
91
niezależnie od
notwithstanding
**Notwithstanding** the performance of online automotive commerce, a wide range of other “marketplace” businesses have managed to not only grow but thrive either in the shadow of Amazon or where actual or potential competition from Amazon is not a meaningful driver of economics.
92
oczywisty, widoczny; pozorny
apparent
As mentioned in chapter 5, in earlier times and under less scrutiny, Amazon would likely have been able to eliminate this **apparent** anomaly by simply buying Wayfair and Chewy as it did Diapers.com, Zappos, and other pesky vertical leaders.
93
nagły upadek, nagła porażka
flameout
A disproportionate number of the earliest dot-com **flameouts**—names like Pets.com, Kozmo, Boo.com, and Webvan—were e-commerce companies. These elicit some nostalgia for those of us who lived through the first internet boom but likely cause recurring nightmares for some of the biggest names in venture capital who actually backed them.
94
służyć również jako coś
to do double duty as something
The festivities are set to take place at Salt7, which bills itself as an upscale steakhouse that **pulls double duty as** a nightclub.
95
footprint
zakres działalności, obecność, pozycja
“We can leverage and go faster because of the existing [factory] **footprint** that we have,” GM Chief Executive Mary Barra said Thursday during an event hosted by the Automotive Press Association.
96
zawłaszczać
to appropriate
A photo of the slide continues to circulate widely online today, and slightly modified versions have been extensively **appropriated** by technology bankers and consultants trying to shock potential clients into engagement.
97
wrath
gniew
It has drawn **wrath** from domestic rivals over what they see as preferential treatment, suffers criticism of its vehicle quality from drivers and Chinese officials, and has been caught up in the government’s sweeping crackdown on big tech.
98
heading
tytuł, nagłówek
A slide presented at an IBM for Entrepreneurs event in 2015 perfectly captured this zeitgeist and immediately went viral. Under the **heading** “The Digital Disruption Has Already Happened,” IBM’s leading executive for startups shared a list of eight massive sectors of the economy that have come to be dominated by platforms.
99
to tap
zdobywać (np. nowy rynek)
Casper, in bedding, **tapped** the public markets just before the full force of the pandemic was felt and lost 75 percent of its value in the first month—but managed to regain at least some of its IPO price by year end.
100
of note
wart zauważenia
Which is why his time in San Antonio was such an uneasy fit. **Of note** was his frontcourt running mate David Robinson, the all-star center, who didn’t play with the kind of toughness Dennis was accustomed to coming from Detroit, where they manhandled opponents and were prepared to win both the game and the ensuing fistfight.
101
or else
bo pożałujesz (używane, aby komuś zagrozić)
Hong Kong Says Vote—**or else.**
102
to impart
przekazywać (np. wiedzę, mądrość, informacje)
The Tesla effect also lifted the supply chain, meeting a key goal of China’s leaders. Tesla has sent engineers to train workers, help with design and research and **impart** know-how at firms ranging from a battery maker to die-casting processors.
103
dawne czasy
yore
The media moguls of **yore** reveled in convincing investors for a generation of their mystical skills in managing talent and picking hits even as their shares consistently underperformed.
104
on a whim
spontanicznie, pod wpływem impulsu
The idea to wear the wedding dress came to him **on a whim**, and he got a big co-sign when he ran into Steven Tyler of Aerosmith in New York the night prior.
105
long-standing
długotrwały
Going big on services could also jeopardise SE’s **long-standing** and successful partnerships with software giants such as Google and Microsoft.
106
nadejście, początek (np. zimy)
onset
Late-**onset** memory loss. Analysts reckon that SE’s memorymaking has plenty of life left in it.
107
crowd
paczka (np. znajomych)
A solid cashmere cap that the uninformed could mistake for a $17 Gap hat exemplifies this trend for gratuitous luxury. It is the $295 hamburger of the clothing world—a polarizing extravagance that you must be this rich to partake in. Much the way Instagramming that hamburger with a coded caption clues in only insiders, part of these hats’ appeal is that they alert other one-percenters that you’re with the investment-banker **crowd**.
108
w tłumie, tłumnie
in droves
*[drove = stado]*
Workers quit jobs **in droves** to become their own bosses.
109
tytuł, nagłówek
heading
A slide presented at an IBM for Entrepreneurs event in 2015 perfectly captured this zeitgeist and immediately went viral. Under the **heading** “The Digital Disruption Has Already Happened,” IBM’s leading executive for startups shared a list of eight massive sectors of the economy that have come to be dominated by platforms.
110
wyświechtany, oklepany
well-worn
Etsy was founded a decade after eBay and both the market for and technology requirements of selling handmade goods were well known. The primary tool employed by Etsy for quickly gaining scale versus eBay’s wellestablished market leadership position was a **well-worn** one—dramatically lower prices: 3.5 percent (plus a small twenty cents per item listing fee) versus a 12 percent commission on average.
111
duel
pojedynek
Yet chess champions have always brought along seconds, in a variety of roles, for these **duels** as far back as the 19th century. Most are there to finesse opening theory. But Carlsen also likes to talk fantasy Premier League and play soccer on off days between games.
112
kicz
camp
She wrote that the “essence of **camp** is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
113
buy-in
akceptacja, poparcie, zgoda
By contrast, when Etsy raised its commission from 3.5 percent to 5 percent, the stock soared despite predictable seller grousing based on investors’ correct prediction that it would have no negative impact on the number of merchants. As a precaution, 1stDibs established a “Recognized Dealer” program that gave significant marketing benefits to its one hundred most valuable sellers to guarantee their continued **buy-in** to the platform.
114
montownia
assembly plant
Ford Motor Co. In September said it would invest more than $11 billion to build three battery plants, two in Kentucky and one in Tennessee, near Memphis, along with an electric-truck plant, its first new U.S. **assembly plant** in decades.
115
poprawiać się, zmieniać na lepsze, naprawiać (stratę lub szkodę)
to make amends
He’s starting to reflect on his life now that he’s older, and he wants to **make amends**, though he’s not always clear on how.
116
przełomowy; nowatorski
seminal
Interestingly, given the supposed connection between the “discovery” of platforms and the availability of the internet, the **seminal** article was not published in a US journal despite that the most notable digital platforms of scale were developed here.
117
to seclude
izolować (się), separować (od ludzi)
She was arrested last year at a **secluded** New Hampshire home, and has repeatedly denied the charges.
118
to feed off
karmić się
What is so irresistible about network effects is their potential to **feed off** themselves. There is something compelling about the virtuous circle of steadily increasing advantage reflected in the most successful businesses built on network effects.
119
consideration
okoliczność, uwarunkowanie, czynnik, warunek
Before committing to construction, a mall developer will typically secure a handful of anchor tenants and often obtain not only an extended commitment, but a promise not to open any other stores within a certain distance of the mall.The original site-selection process incorporates **considerations** of demographics, shopping alternatives, and land cost and availability.
120
squarely
bezpośrednio, wprost
We have already looked at the multibillion-dollar automotive category, where there are crowded online marketplaces in which Amazon does not and is not likely to play a leading role. As noted, while the transaction volumes in these markets have continued to swell, the economics have deteriorated. These platforms are **squarely** in line with the long-term underperformance of ecommerce platforms generally.
121
zorganizować
to hold
Amazon gets federal order to **hold** new union vote.
122
zamożny
opulent
Rich-guy ballcaps radiate a stealth wealth that reflects a larger truth about how the affluent dress today. The look expresses “the idea that really wealthy people don’t need to display their wealth” to the general public, said Kyle Stevens, 42, a film and TV professor at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.C., who took note of Mitch Kessler’s **opulent** cap while bingeing “The Morning Show.”
123
to make amends
poprawiać się, zmieniać na lepsze, naprawiać (stratę lub szkodę)
He’s starting to reflect on his life now that he’s older, and he wants to **make amends**, though he’s not always clear on how.
124
deferential
pełen szacunku
Mr. Musk has maintained his **deferential** tone. In September, when China held an internet conference aimed at pushing its alternative version of the web—at a time when the government was pressing a regulatory crackdown on tech—not many of the country’s tech stars attended.
125
to walk a fine line
być bardzo ostrożnym, by nie przekroczyć pewnej granicy
This means that SE must **walk a fine line** to keep Chinese clients while not relinquishing American customers.
126
być bardzo ostrożnym, by nie przekroczyć pewnej granicy
to walk a fine line
This means that SE must **walk a fine line** to keep Chinese clients while not relinquishing American customers.
127
sore point
drażliwy punkt, drażliwy temat
A **sore point** for local rivals of Tesla is a government policy aimed at encouraging auto makers to produce more electric vehicles. Companies that don’t build enough must purchase credits from those that do. Tesla has been one of the chief beneficiaries of this rule.
128
opulent
zamożny
Rich-guy ballcaps radiate a stealth wealth that reflects a larger truth about how the affluent dress today. The look expresses “the idea that really wealthy people don’t need to display their wealth” to the general public, said Kyle Stevens, 42, a film and TV professor at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.C., who took note of Mitch Kessler’s **opulent** cap while bingeing “The Morning Show.”
129
soczysty; pikantny (np. scena, historia); korzystny, zyskowny; ciekawy (np. problem, informacja)
juicy
The memory business brings in just over 20% of revenues but nearly half of operating profits. Everything else is potentially expendable in the service of its **juicy** margins.
130
system piasty i szprych
hub and spoke
*being or relating to a system of routing air traffic in which a major airport serves as a central point for coordinating flights to and from other airports*
Law firm Greenberg Traurig decided to give up one of its four floors as it moved to a “**hub and spoke**” approach, in which the main offices in the tower are supplemented by four satellite sites near employees’ homes in the New York region.
131
flameout
nagły upadek, nagła porażka
A disproportionate number of the earliest dot-com **flameouts**—names like Pets.com, Kozmo, Boo.com, and Webvan—were e-commerce companies. These elicit some nostalgia for those of us who lived through the first internet boom but likely cause recurring nightmares for some of the biggest names in venture capital who actually backed them.
132
be the case
mieć miejsce, być prawdą
Ads for after-school tutoring are also banned, but that **is effectively the case** already—one reason advertising revenue for companies like Tencent and Baidu slowed in the recent quarter.
133
gratuitous
zbędny, niepotrzebny
A solid cashmere cap that the uninformed could mistake for a $17 Gap hat exemplifies this trend for **gratuitous** luxury. It is the $295 hamburger of the clothing world—a polarizing extravagance that you must be this rich to partake in. Much the way Instagramming that hamburger with a coded caption clues in only insiders, part of these hats’ appeal is that they alert other one-percenters that you’re with the investment-banker crowd.
134
bezpośrednio, wprost
squarely
We have already looked at the multibillion-dollar automotive category, where there are crowded online marketplaces in which Amazon does not and is not likely to play a leading role. As noted, while the transaction volumes in these markets have continued to swell, the economics have deteriorated. These platforms are **squarely** in line with the long-term underperformance of ecommerce platforms generally.
135
to get in the way of
stawać na drodze czegoś
Dennis understands how race functions in America perfectly well. He’d just rather not talk about it, I gather, because it **gets in the way of** having a good time.
136
legendarny
the stuff of legend
The impact of technology on the music industry is **the stuff of legend** at this point, but now that the companies have discovered a sustainable piracy-free pricing model for digital distribution, the business has enjoyed a resurgence.
137
a long time coming
oczekiwany od dawna
Splashy Hires at USC and LSU Were **a Long Time Coming.**
138
running
z rzędu
KPMG was criticised by the accounting regulator in July, for the third year **running**, for the “unacceptable” quality of its banking audits.
139
jednolity (o kolorze lub substancji)
solid
On the hit series, the **solid** caps “often represent authority and intimidation,” explained the show’s costume designer, Michelle Matland. As she sees it, the absence of a logo says there’s “no relevant team but… team Me,” making the hats fitting accessories for the show’s ego-centric characters.
140
all-encompassing
całościowy, obejmujący wszystkie elementy, wszechstronny (np. rozwiązanie)
To suggest otherwise—that is, to proffer a simple unitary **all-encompassing** platform-driven basis for their success—is reminiscent of a particular sleight of hand favored by media moguls: if you only count the hits, inherently risky businesses suddenly seem invincible.
141
to abate
obniżać; zmniejszać
GM officials are in talks with local governments to secure tax **abatements** and other approvals for the projects, and the plans could fall through or be altered, the people said.
142
robić coś na wielką skalę
to go big
**Going big** on services could also jeopardise SE’s long-standing and successful partnerships with software giants such as Google and Microsoft.
143
stonowany (kolor)
subdued
Further proof that the one percent seems to prefer costly clothes that look entirely banal in passing: Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has spoken at conferences while wearing **subdued** white $690 Gucci sneakers and, infamously, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s muted gray T-shirts from Italian luxury label Brunello Cucinelli cost $300-ish.
144
wykorzystywać swoje mocne strony
to play to one's strengths
So he made the decision to focus almost exclusively on defense and rebounding: areas of the game that require tremendous amounts of energy, which **played to his strengths**.
145
izolować (się), separować (od ludzi)
to seclude
She was arrested last year at a **secluded** New Hampshire home, and has repeatedly denied the charges.
146
zacząć być akceptowanym, utrwalać się
to take hold
The tenacity with which the Platform Delusion has **taken hold**, not just in the public imagination but among institutional investors, reflects in part the sustained efforts of those who have a vested interest in its continued vitality.
147
assembly plant
montownia
Ford Motor Co. In September said it would invest more than $11 billion to build three battery plants, two in Kentucky and one in Tennessee, near Memphis, along with an electric-truck plant, its first new U.S. **assembly plant** in decades.
148
strain
napięcie (np. emocjonalne), stres
His relationship with his kids is **strained**, and he thinks often about Alexis, his first, who was born in 1988. Dennis wasn’t around much when she was growing up. Professional athletes have intense schedules, and on top of that, Dennis was always off partying.
149
nie dojść do skutku, nie powieść się, nie udawać się, nawalić
to fall through
GM officials are in talks with local governments to secure tax abatements and other approvals for the projects, and the plans could **fall through** or be altered, the people said.
150
zakres działalności, obecność, pozycja
footprint
“We can leverage and go faster because of the existing [factory] **footprint** that we have,” GM Chief Executive Mary Barra said Thursday during an event hosted by the Automotive Press Association.
151
cognisant
świadomy czegoś
**Cognisant** of these problems , Mr Lee clearly wants to accelerate SE’s transformation. The company is using its research and development prowess to take some risks on next generation logic chips, for example with its new advanced chip architecture.The company does not break out how much of its capital spending is going to memory chips and how much to logic.
152
to go big
robić coś na wielką skalę
**Going big** on services could also jeopardise SE’s long-standing and successful partnerships with software giants such as Google and Microsoft.
153
to sweat
przejmować się
Like Daly, Jackson became something of a father figure, and he didn’t **sweat** the stuff that had made Dennis’s tenure with the Spurs so tumultuous.
154
wart zauważenia
of note
Which is why his time in San Antonio was such an uneasy fit. **Of note** was his frontcourt running mate David Robinson, the all-star center, who didn’t play with the kind of toughness Dennis was accustomed to coming from Detroit, where they manhandled opponents and were prepared to win both the game and the ensuing fistfight.
155
to flail
wymachiwać
There’s one scene where Dennis starts to explain his self-assigned homework of learning how the ball would bounce and spin off missed shots from different players from every spot on the floor. The moment, however, was immediately meme-ified and flattened, with Dennis’s **flailing** arms and facial expression used as fodder for feelings of exasperation or confusion.
156
dokuczliwy, natrętny, nieznośny
pesky
As mentioned in chapter 5, in earlier times and under less scrutiny, Amazon would likely have been able to eliminate this apparent anomaly by simply buying Wayfair and Chewy as it did Diapers.com, Zappos, and other **pesky** vertical leaders.
157
język narodowy
the vernacular
But although the term platform has only relatively recently entered **the vernacular**, businesses with precisely this defining characteristic were around for decades before the invention of the internet.
158
camp
kicz
She wrote that the “essence of **camp** is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
159
zgodnie z
as per
These proposals became final in August, **as per** formal guidelines issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology then. A personal-data protection law that took effect on Nov. 1 could further restrain the company’s ability to gather digital information from Chinese consumers.
160
artifice
pomysłowość, spryt
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of **artifice** and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
161
globalny; powszechny; o szerokim zapleczu
broad-based
The ability of a niche commerce player like Etsy or 1stDibs to secure a sustainable competitive advantage on the supply side through proprietary technology vis-à-vis much larger **broad-based** competitors like Amazon, by contrast, may seem fanciful on its face.
162
onset
nadejście, początek (np. zimy)
Late-**onset** memory loss. Analysts reckon that SE’s memorymaking has plenty of life left in it.
163
the vernacular
język narodowy
But although the term platform has only relatively recently entered **the vernacular**, businesses with precisely this defining characteristic were around for decades before the invention of the internet.
164
unassailable
bezsporny (np. fakt)
Artificial intelligence has been promoted almost as vigorously as network effects as driving the **unassailability** and inevitable global domination of digital platforms. The proliferation of new vertically focused multibillion-dollar software companies undermines the predictions that AI will lead to “the gradual demise of traditional specialization” and an increasingly winner-take-all world.
165
yore
dawne czasy
The media moguls of **yore** reveled in convincing investors for a generation of their mystical skills in managing talent and picking hits even as their shares consistently underperformed.
166
z dużym kapitałem akcyjnym (o akcjach)
large-cap
Consumer proclivity to shop online varies dramatically by product and Amazon’s relative success online varies as starkly by category. It is notable that two of the relatively small number of **large-cap** consumer internet companies are e-commerce retailers in categories that one would have expected Amazon to dominate if the Platform Delusion were true.
167
mimo to
yet
It is likely that all the $2.1trn of other mainland Chinese firms’ shares traded in the Big Apple will eventually follow suit, with the approv al of the Chinese C ommunist Party. **Yet** do not imagine that China’ s rulers seek financial isolation.
168
beneficjent, świadczeniobiorca (osoba odnosząca z czegoś korzyść), spadkobierca
beneficiary
A sore point for local rivals of Tesla is a government policy aimed at encouraging auto makers to produce more electric vehicles. Companies that don’t build enough must purchase credits from those that do. Tesla has been one of the chief **beneficiaries** of this rule.
169
degradować; klasyfikować (coś), kierować (na odpowiednie miejsce)
to relegate
Those who do not capitulate will be **relegated** to the bottom rung of our increasingly stratified economy.
170
zabrać pewną część czegoś
to take a bite out of
Call it “investment normcore”— clothes that blend in with a man-of-the-people look but **take a bite out of** one’s bank account.
171
musztarda po obiedzie
too little, too late
In 2004, Toys ’R’ Us sought to take back its operating control. **Too little, too late**. Litigation and a 2005 buyout by the deepest-pocketed private equity firms followed. After five years in the courts, Amazon ultimately agreed to pay Toys ’R’ Us all of $51 million in a “confidential” settlement. Toys ’R’ Us filed for bankruptcy in 2017.
172
utrudnienie; przeszkoda
impediment
The closest thing to a structural **impediment** identified are the risks associated with “biting the hand that feeds” the internet giants, citing Google’s reluctance to compete directly with Booking and Expedia, who provide billions in advertising revenues.
173
something has to give
ktoś musi ustąpić; coś musi się zmienić (używane do podkreślenia, że obecna sytuacja nie może trwać)
A ceiling is a point in the growth of a business when **something has to give**. Hitting a ceiling is a sign that the company is exceeding growth plans.
174
dorabiać, chałturzyć
to moonlight
WHEN MAGNUS CARLSEN prepared to take on India’s Viswanathan Anand for the 2014 World Chess Championship in Sochi, the Norwegian champion had a Russian asset in his corner. His name was Ian Nepomniachtchi, an up-andcoming grandmaster Carlsen had handpicked as one of his “seconds”— a term for the elite players who **moonlight** as study companions around the biggest matches.
175
ktoś musi ustąpić; coś musi się zmienić (używane do podkreślenia, że obecna sytuacja nie może trwać)
something has to give
A ceiling is a point in the growth of a business when **something has to give**. Hitting a ceiling is a sign that the company is exceeding growth plans.
176
we właściwym czasie; docelowo
in due course
“**In due course**, we expect colleagues to be working two to three days per week at the audited entity site, one day in the office, and one to two days at home,” she said.
177
próbować coś wygrać
to make a run at something
Even if the firm talks about **making another run at** it, he adds , this would probably be merely to keep Google and other partners honest.
178
behind
spóźniony, do tyłu (z czymś, np. pracą)
Due to the AWS outage, college student Sofia Echeverry couldn’t access Canvas, a service she and her classmates use to submit homework assignments, access grades and message professors at her school, the University of Florida. She is now **behind** on projects and essays.
179
inferior
niższej jakości, gorszy
More realistically, such investments seem essential to avoid being put potentially at a significant competitive disadvantage relative to companies whose R&D budgets just in these areas often exceed the total revenues of more focused competitors. That said, even **inferior** technology when combined with unique and highly probative data sets can yield superior insights.
180
ciężko pracować
to plug away
While Chirila and Ramirez were on the same team, they were actually thousands of miles away from each other because of the grueling nature of their jobs. Chirila was in London, where the match was being played. Ramirez was near St. Louis, where the U.S. Chess Federation is based. The team was split strategically across six time zones so that people could be **plugging away** around the clock.
181
to gather
wnioskować
Dennis understands how race functions in America perfectly well. He’d just rather not talk about it, I **gather**, because it gets in the way of having a good time.
182
too little, too late
musztarda po obiedzie (dosł. niewystarczająco i za późno)
In 2004, Toys ’R’ Us sought to take back its operating control. **Too little, too late**. Litigation and a 2005 buyout by the deepest-pocketed private equity firms followed. After five years in the courts, Amazon ultimately agreed to pay Toys ’R’ Us all of $51 million in a “confidential” settlement. Toys ’R’ Us filed for bankruptcy in 2017.
183
to go down
wydarzyć się
I have no idea how to prepare for whatever could **go down** at a party hosted by one of the most notorious partiers of all time.
184
to play to one's strengths
wykorzystywać swoje mocne strony
So he made the decision to focus almost exclusively on defense and rebounding: areas of the game that require tremendous amounts of energy, which **played to his strengths**.
185
przynosić coś (dochód)
to bring in
The memory business **brings in** just over 20% of revenues but nearly half of operating profits. Everything else is potentially expendable in the service of its juicy margins.
186
przejmować się
to sweat
Like Daly, Jackson became something of a father figure, and he didn’t **sweat** the stuff that had made Dennis’s tenure with the Spurs so tumultuous.
187
to bring in
przynosić coś (dochód)
The memory business **brings in** just over 20% of revenues but nearly half of operating profits. Everything else is potentially expendable in the service of its juicy margins.
188
starsza lub doświadczona osoba
old head
He’s an **old head** with old-head views on the modern game, but the way he talks about it makes you suspect that he wishes the next generation would call him up to work with them, to absorb what he knows, the way players have called up former Houston Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon to show them his footwork in the post.
189
cerebral
intelektualny; wymagający wysiłku intelektualnego
“He’s very heady and **cerebral**: he’s not going to be a bombastic Amazon CEO,” the person said. “I see it as a validation of Jack’s approach to leadership inside the company.”
190
akceptacja, poparcie, zgoda
buy-in
By contrast, when Etsy raised its commission from 3.5 percent to 5 percent, the stock soared despite predictable seller grousing based on investors’ correct prediction that it would have no negative impact on the number of merchants. As a precaution, 1stDibs established a “Recognized Dealer” program that gave significant marketing benefits to its one hundred most valuable sellers to guarantee their continued **buy-in** to the platform.
191
tu: zrównać z ziemią
to flatten
There’s one scene where Dennis starts to explain his self-assigned homework of learning how the ball would bounce and spin off missed shots from different players from every spot on the floor. The moment, however, was immediately meme-ified and **flattened**, with Dennis’s flailing arms and facial expression used as fodder for feelings of exasperation or confusion.
192
trophy
*one that is prized for qualities that enhance prestige or social status*
The firm decided to be ambitious partly because of the success that rival Related Cos. had luring midtown tenants to its **trophy** Hudson Yards project on Manhattan’s far west side.
193
spóźniony, do tyłu (z czymś, np. pracą)
behind
Due to the AWS outage, college student Sofia Echeverry couldn’t access Canvas, a service she and her classmates use to submit homework assignments, access grades and message professors at her school, the University of Florida. She is now **behind** on projects and essays.
194
świadomy czegoś
cognisant
**Cognisant** of these problems , Mr Lee clearly wants to accelerate SE’s transformation. The company is using its research and development prowess to take some risks on next generation logic chips, for example with its new advanced chip architecture.The company does not break out how much of its capital spending is going to memory chips and how much to logic.
195
seminal
przełomowy; nowatorski
Interestingly, given the supposed connection between the “discovery” of platforms and the availability of the internet, the **seminal** article was not published in a US journal despite that the most notable digital platforms of scale were developed here.
196
to make a run at something
próbować coś wygrać
Even if the firm talks about **making another run at** it, he adds , this would probably be merely to keep Google and other partners honest.
197
notwithstanding
niezależnie od
**Notwithstanding** the performance of online automotive commerce, a wide range of other “marketplace” businesses have managed to not only grow but thrive either in the shadow of Amazon or where actual or potential competition from Amazon is not a meaningful driver of economics.
198
to dissuade
odwieść (np. od jakiegoś pomysłu)
This has not **dissuaded** the media or other academics from characterizing Tirole’s intellectual contribution as somehow applying uniquely or differently to “Internet-era companies.”
199
okoliczność, uwarunkowanie, czynnik, warunek
consideration
Before committing to construction, a mall developer will typically secure a handful of anchor tenants and often obtain not only an extended commitment, but a promise not to open any other stores within a certain distance of the mall.The original site-selection process incorporates **considerations** of demographics, shopping alternatives, and land cost and availability.
200
to cobble together
sklecać naprędce
“This is not quite a put-up job, but nonetheless has been **cobbled together** so that Ghislaine is made to face the charges that Epstein never faced,” her brother, Ian Maxwell, told the Associated Press.
201
pomieszać, poprzestawiać (np. słowa w zdaniu)
to scramble
New Covid-19 variant Omicron is **scrambling** plans many companies had to welcome workers back in early 2022, and some workers remain reluctant to return. In fact, 30% who work from home said they would prefer never to come into the office, according to a recent poll conducted by Gallup.
202
in droves
w tłumie, tłumnie
*[drove = stado]*
Workers quit jobs **in droves** to become their own bosses.
203
zdobywać (np. nowy rynek)
to tap
Casper, in bedding, **tapped** the public markets just before the full force of the pandemic was felt and lost 75 percent of its value in the first month—but managed to regain at least some of its IPO price by year end.
204
in passing
mimochodem
Further proof that the one percent seems to prefer costly clothes that look entirely banal **in passing**: Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has spoken at conferences while wearing subdued white $690 Gucci sneakers and, infamously, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s muted gray T-shirts from Italian luxury label Brunello Cucinelli cost $300-ish.
205
to be at play
wchodzić w grę
The breadth of instances BTIG identifies in which independent marketplaces have prospered often even in the face of aggressive attack by Amazon suggests that more fundamental structural issues **are at play**.
206
pomysłowość, spryt
artifice
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of **artifice** and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
207
intelektualny; wymagający wysiłku intelektualnego
cerebral
“He’s very heady and **cerebral**: he’s not going to be a bombastic Amazon CEO,” the person said. “I see it as a validation of Jack’s approach to leadership inside the company.”
208
subdued
stonowany (kolor)
Further proof that the one percent seems to prefer costly clothes that look entirely banal in passing: Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has spoken at conferences while wearing **subdued** white $690 Gucci sneakers and, infamously, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s muted gray T-shirts from Italian luxury label Brunello Cucinelli cost $300-ish.
209
as per
zgodnie z
These proposals became final in August, **as per** formal guidelines issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology then. A personal-data protection law that took effect on Nov. 1 could further restrain the company’s ability to gather digital information from Chinese consumers.
210
wnioskować
to gather
Dennis understands how race functions in America perfectly well. He’d just rather not talk about it, I **gather**, because it gets in the way of having a good time.
211
impediment
utrudnienie; przeszkoda
The closest thing to a structural **impediment** identified are the risks associated with “biting the hand that feeds” the internet giants, citing Google’s reluctance to compete directly with Booking and Expedia, who provide billions in advertising revenues.
212
to sweat bullets
mieć duszę na ramieniu, być bardzo zdenerwowanym, oblewać się potem (z nerwów)
Carlyle, another tenant in the building, was happy to take the Greenberg Traurig space at no cost to the law firm, much to the relief of Greenberg Traurig vice chairman Robert Ivanhoe. “I was **sweating bullets**,” he said.
213
juicy
soczysty; pikantny (np. scena, historia); korzystny, zyskowny; ciekawy (np. problem, informacja)
The memory business brings in just over 20% of revenues but nearly half of operating profits. Everything else is potentially expendable in the service of its **juicy** margins.
214
obniżać; zmniejszać
to abate
GM officials are in talks with local governments to secure tax **abatements** and other approvals for the projects, and the plans could fall through or be altered, the people said.
215
mieć duszę na ramieniu, być bardzo zdenerwowanym, oblewać się potem (z nerwów)
to sweat bullets
Carlyle, another tenant in the building, was happy to take the Greenberg Traurig space at no cost to the law firm, much to the relief of Greenberg Traurig vice chairman Robert Ivanhoe. “I was **sweating bullets**,” he said.
216
on somebody's end
po czyjejś stronie, z czyjejś strony
“When you first realize things aren’t working, you think it’s **on your end**, so you start tearing out your router and looking at your connections in the house,” said Mr. Danto, a tech specialist in Millburn, N.J.
217
to get one's act together
wziąć się w garść
The explanations provided relate overwhelmingly to flawed execution—whether because of an “uncompetitive offering” or simply “losing interest” in the targeted segment—rather than structural issues. These conclusions suggest that if only Amazon or another internet giant **got its act together** it really could dominate everything.
218
nanny state
państwo opiekuńcze (pejoratywnie); rząd, który próbuje nadmiernie kontrolować życie swoich obywateli
Beijing goes full **nanny state** on internet tech.
219
to appropriate
zawłaszczać
A photo of the slide continues to circulate widely online today, and slightly modified versions have been extensively **appropriated** by technology bankers and consultants trying to shock potential clients into engagement.
220
krzykliwy, jaskrawy (kolor)
gaudy
A prevailing mentality is that if you wear logos from head to toe, “you are **gaudy**, you’re new money,” said Tiffanie Woods, 29, a social media manager in Buffalo, N.Y., who also runs the Instagram account @successionfits, which identifies clothes worn on the HBO show.
221
yet
mimo to
It is likely that all the $2.1trn of other mainland Chinese firms’ shares traded in the Big Apple will eventually follow suit, with the approv al of the Chinese C ommunist Party. **Yet** do not imagine that China’ s rulers seek financial isolation.
222
cień aerodynamiczny
slipstream
It has thrived in Tesla’s **slipstream**, as have two Chinese peers that sell premium electric vehicles, Li Auto Inc. and XPeng Inc. The three companies’ electric-vehicle sales are likely to total more than 270,000 this year, up from around 12,000 in 2018, according to a forecast by consulting firm ZoZo Go LLC.
223
to chime in
wtrącić się; dopowiedzieć coś; przytaknąć
A driver at an auto show publicly blamed Tesla brakes for an accident, after which China’s top legal-affairs agency **chimed in**, calling the company arrogant.
224
człowiek ludu, trybun ludowy
*a man (such as a politician) who understands and is liked by ordinary people*
man-of-the-people
Call it “investment normcore”— clothes that blend in with a **man-of-the-people** look but take a bite out of one’s bank account.
225
proclivity
skłonność, tendencja
Consumer **proclivity** to shop online varies dramatically by product and Amazon’s relative success online varies as starkly by category. It is notable that two of the relatively small number of large-cap consumer internet companies are e-commerce retailers in categories that one would have expected Amazon to dominate if the Platform Delusion were true.
226
to map out
planować coś, uzgadniać szczegóły
“Chess is basically bottomless,” Nielsen said. “So we’re trying to **map out** strategies with advanced computers and even neural networks and AI. They can calculate an absurd amount of moves, so we need computers to do that…and we interpret the result.”
227
to scramble
pomieszać, poprzestawiać (np. słowa w zdaniu)
New Covid-19 variant Omicron is **scrambling** plans many companies had to welcome workers back in early 2022, and some workers remain reluctant to return. In fact, 30% who work from home said they would prefer never to come into the office, according to a recent poll conducted by Gallup.
228
pobudzać, wyostrzać (np. apetyt)
to whet
As in the West, Tesla’s arrival **whetted** people’s interest in electric vehicles. The 2019 launch of the made-in-China Tesla Model 3 helped convince consumers such vehicles were a viable alternative to gasoline cars.
229
pełen szacunku
deferential
Mr. Musk has maintained his **deferential** tone. In September, when China held an internet conference aimed at pushing its alternative version of the web—at a time when the government was pressing a regulatory crackdown on tech—not many of the country’s tech stars attended.
230
zbędny, niepotrzebny
gratuitous
A solid cashmere cap that the uninformed could mistake for a $17 Gap hat exemplifies this trend for **gratuitous** luxury. It is the $295 hamburger of the clothing world—a polarizing extravagance that you must be this rich to partake in. Much the way Instagramming that hamburger with a coded caption clues in only insiders, part of these hats’ appeal is that they alert other one-percenters that you’re with the investment-banker crowd.
231
to repulse
odpychać, zrażać
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and straitlaced NBA, as a fan Dennis either **repulsed** or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
232
to proffer
zaproponować
To suggest otherwise—that is, to **proffer** a simple unitary all-encompassing platform-driven basis for their success—is reminiscent of a particular sleight of hand favored by media moguls: if you only count the hits, inherently risky businesses suddenly seem invincible.
233
to plug away
ciężko pracować
While Chirila and Ramirez were on the same team, they were actually thousands of miles away from each other because of the grueling nature of their jobs. Chirila was in London, where the match was being played. Ramirez was near St. Louis, where the U.S. Chess Federation is based. The team was split strategically across six time zones so that people could be **plugging away** around the clock.
234
udostępnić coś, otworzyć coś
to throw open
From the outset, officials in Beijing made clear they wanted something in return for **throwing open** the country to Tesla, according to the people with knowledge of the parties’ 2018 talks.
235
oczekiwany od dawna
a long time coming
Splashy Hires at USC and LSU Were **a Long Time Coming.**
236
purytański
straitlaced
She wrote that the “essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration” and that “the androgyne is certainly one of the great images of Camp sensibility.” In the context of a conservative and **straitlaced** NBA, as a fan Dennis either repulsed or delighted you, depending on your capacity to embrace what was deemed weird.
237
uszkodzić
to impair
Mr. Danto said, but the experience also made him realize just how much he relies on AWS. “You start to worry, how vulnerable are we to this one service? It raises panic.” Amazon blamed the outage on **impaired** network devices.
238
to throw open
udostępnić coś, otworzyć coś
From the outset, officials in Beijing made clear they wanted something in return for **throwing open** the country to Tesla, according to the people with knowledge of the parties’ 2018 talks.
239
to come to light
wychodzić na jaw
While publicly reaffirming a belief in the inherent indomitability of these companies, private communications have **come to light** suggesting a much more nuanced view of their actual strengths and weaknesses.
240
compound
kompleks (budynków na ogrodzonym terenie)
Beijing’s embrace of Mr. Musk was so warm that at a meeting in 2019, Premier Li Keqiang offered to give him a “Chinese green card.” Mr. Musk let the premier take a Tesla for a spin within the gated Zhongnanhai leadership **compound**.
241
przekazywać (np. wiedzę, mądrość, informacje)
to impart
The Tesla effect also lifted the supply chain, meeting a key goal of China’s leaders. Tesla has sent engineers to train workers, help with design and research and **impart** know-how at firms ranging from a battery maker to die-casting processors.
242
utarg, przychód (np. dzienny)
take
Protecting drivers’ rights is a key objective, including ensuring they get enough time off and benefits like social insurance. The guidelines also said ride-hailing companies should set a “reasonable” cap on their **take** from fares—and disclose them publicly.
243
spontanicznie, pod wpływem impulsu
on a whim
The idea to wear the wedding dress came to him **on a whim**, and he got a big co-sign when he ran into Steven Tyler of Aerosmith in New York the night prior.
244
planować coś, uzgadniać szczegóły
to map out
“Chess is basically bottomless,” Nielsen said. “So we’re trying to **map out** strategies with advanced computers and even neural networks and AI. They can calculate an absurd amount of moves, so we need computers to do that…and we interpret the result.”
245
## Footnote
*one that is prized for qualities that enhance prestige or social status*
trophy
The firm decided to be ambitious partly because of the success that rival Related Cos. had luring midtown tenants to its **trophy** Hudson Yards project on Manhattan’s far west side.
246
ukryty, podstępny, chytry
stealth
Rich-guy ballcaps radiate a **stealth** wealth that reflects a larger truth about how the affluent dress today. The look expresses “the idea that really wealthy people don’t need to display their wealth” to the general public, said Kyle Stevens, 42, a film and TV professor at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.C., who took note of Mitch Kessler’s opulent cap while bingeing “The Morning Show.”
247
wychodzić na jaw
to come to light
While publicly reaffirming a belief in the inherent indomitability of these companies, private communications have **come to light** suggesting a much more nuanced view of their actual strengths and weaknesses.
248
z rzędu
running
KPMG was criticised by the accounting regulator in July, for the third year **running**, for the “unacceptable” quality of its banking audits.
249
mind-boggling
niewyobrażalny, ogromny, zadziwiający
That said, the diversity of connections made possible by the internet has spawned a **mind-boggling** array of legitimate platform businesses, often with very different business models.
250
well-worn
wyświechtany, oklepany
Etsy was founded a decade after eBay and both the market for and technology requirements of selling handmade goods were well known. The primary tool employed by Etsy for quickly gaining scale versus eBay’s wellestablished market leadership position was a **well-worn** one—dramatically lower prices: 3.5 percent (plus a small twenty cents per item listing fee) versus a 12 percent commission on average.
