Deck no. 26 Flashcards

Question

to fight back

Answer 1

bronić się **Fight back**. The default reaction to disruption, again, is to try to take on an insurgent at its own game. Examples include British Airways’ launch of the no-frills service Go, since sold to Easy-Jet; the New York Times’ creation of NYTimes.com; and the major carmakers’ moves into electric vehicles.

Answer 2

wyolbrzymić zalety, przechwalać Digital disruption is real, of course, but it has been **oversold** by three myths: Every sector is under threat, disruption happens quickly and is accelerating, and established firms are struggling to adapt. The facts suggest otherwise.

Answer 3

to gloat over His company, X.com, eventually became part of PayPal, which was purchased by eBay in 2002. Musk came away with about $180 million. But instead of **gloating over** his payday, Musk still seems irked that these early companies never fulfilled their potential as he saw it.

Answer 4

brać na siebie ciężar, najbardziej coś odczuć As the urgency of decarbonization increases along with the costs of climate change, the failure of rich countries to assist poor ones will be a growing source of geopolitical tension—particularly as developing countries disproportionately **bear the brunt** of damage they did not cause.

Answer 5

spadek wartości akcji With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or **swoons**. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 6

the bottom line **The bottom line**: There has been less creative destruction than prior studies have suggested—indeed, less than most people believe.

Answer 7

blue-skinned This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, **blue-skinned** man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 8

to cut someone some slack The older I get, I think, **cut yourself some slack**.

Answer 9

nie wystarczać Should we **fall short with** Earth, Musk’s answer is space, where he envisions “a futuristic Noah’s ark.” His SpaceX is the global commercial leader in building and flying rockets and crews, chosen by NASA to build the ship that aims to place astronauts back on the moon for the first time in more than 50 years.

Answer 10

to conduct oneself In addition to monetary value, the “tokens” that make up these systems are each also encoded with information that has some other use, whether it’s membership in a club, the right to vote on how a company **conducts itself**, or even just data.

Answer 11

shopworn Musk is our avatar of infinite possibility, our usher to the remade world, where **shopworn** practices are cast aside and the unprecedented becomes logical, where Earth and humanity can still be saved.

Answer 12

well-established Those join **well-established** services from Netflix, Amazon and Hulu. But the likelihood of all these offerings surviving over the long term is slim; according to Ampere Analytics, the average U.S. household now subscribes to just a little over four streaming services.

Answer 13

can ill afford something But perhaps the greatest risk of failing to identify and plan for these pitfalls is that if national security concerns come into conflict with climate change ambitions, a successful transition might not take place at all. And the world **can ill afford** more bumps on the already rough road to net zero.

Answer 14

przesiedzieć coś (nie brać w czymś udziału) The streaming war requires some big guns—even for those who’ve chosen to **sit it out**. The new Spider-Man movie swinging into theaters this week is nearly as big as they come.

Answer 15

pique The sale was prompted by a Twitter poll Musk posted in a fit of **pique** over liberal Senators’ proposals to tax billionaires.

Answer 16

quack Mr. Dorsey, no **quack**, is clearly in the believers’ camp—and is, indeed, one of its most prominent members. In July he told investors bitcoin would be a big part of Twitter’s future, and in August he tweeted that it would unite the world.

Answer 17

to trumpet This future, a second chance to use technology to upend traditional power structures, is being **trumpeted** by silver-tongued hypepeople of every stripe, from venture capitalists to armchair oracles on social media.

Answer 18

ugruntowane; utrwalonym; powszechnie uznany Those join **well-established** services from Netflix, Amazon and Hulu. But the likelihood of all these offerings surviving over the long term is slim; according to Ampere Analytics, the average U.S. household now subscribes to just a little over four streaming services.

Answer 19

baza użytkowników *(number of units of a product or service that are actually in use)* As Deere pursued this strategy, incumbency provided it with a set of advantages: an immense **installed base** and a reputation that extended back more than a hundred years.

Answer 20

sentient The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the frenetic gibberish, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by **sentient** and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 21

mold-breaking His rockets, built from scratch on an autodidact’s **mold-breaking** vision, have saved taxpayers billions, reinvigorated America’s space dreams and are launching satellites to expand Internet access across the globe.

Answer 22

pedestrian Even when talent can deliver surefire success, if a star actor, writer, or director is well represented by managers and agents, the return on such investments remains **pedestrian**.

Answer 23

to cozy up to somebody The feds are probing Tesla’s Auto pilot software, which has been involved in an alarming number of crashes with parked emergency vehicles, resulting in injuries and death. The company’s expansion in China required **cozying up to** its repressive autocrats.

Answer 24

frenetic The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the **frenetic** gibberish, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by sentient and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 25

przekroczenie (np. kosztów, czasu) In practice, it wasn’t that easy. Tesla’s first decade was plagued by unmet deadlines, technical snafus and cost **overruns**.

Answer 26

być przeszłością Proponents of clean energy hope (and sometimes promise) that in addition to mitigating climate change, the energy transition will help make tensions over energy resources **a thing of the past**.

Answer 27

elokwentny, złotousty This future, a second chance to use technology to upend traditional power structures, is being trumpeted by **silver-tongued** hypepeople of every stripe, from venture capitalists to armchair oracles on social media.

Answer 28

devotee With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of **devotees** hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 29

edgelord This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, **edgelord**, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 30

to sit out The streaming war requires some big guns—even for those who’ve chosen to **sit it out**. The new Spider-Man movie swinging into theaters this week is nearly as big as they come.

Answer 31

kontrola Here’s the basic idea: New technologies like blockchain present the opportunity to loosen the centralized **stranglehold** that companies and governments have over everything from internet platforms to intellectual property to the creation and distribution of money.

Answer 32

awning Musk takes him over to a patch of AstroTurf in front of the Starbase employee restaurant (“Astropub”), which has an **awning** made of rocket flaps.

Answer 33

to crop up Some developing countries will also face obstacles that rarely **crop up** in rich countries. For example, charging an electric car may not be viable in countries that experience blackouts every day or where electric grids are backed up by diesel generators.

Answer 34

gilded cage Distraught, the couple began in vitro fertilization treatments, and Justine gave birth to twins and triplets, all of whom are boys. As Justine later told it, Elon abandoned her to tend to his companies as she spiraled into depression inside an L.A. mansion that became a **gilded cage**.

Answer 35

plusk “Just dropping some friends off at the pool,” the 50-year-old zillionaire informed his 66 million Twitter followers on the evening of Nov. 29, having previously advised that at least half his tweets were “made on a porcelain throne.” After an interval—21 minutes, if you must know—an update: “**Splish splash**.”

Answer 36

brooding This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the **brooding**, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 37

in a fit of The sale was prompted by a Twitter poll Musk posted **in a fit of** pique over liberal Senators’ proposals to tax billionaires.

Answer 38

zachowywać się In addition to monetary value, the “tokens” that make up these systems are each also encoded with information that has some other use, whether it’s membership in a club, the right to vote on how a company **conducts itself**, or even just data.

Answer 39

erroneously For example, many observers claim that we are on the cusp of full-scale disruption in industries such as finance, insurance, and education. My research shows that people have been making the same predictions— **erroneously**—since the 1990s.

Answer 40

selling point They’re also warmer than a typical cotton cap—though that hardly explains why they’re 10-plus times as expensive. But that elevated price might be the biggest **selling point**. It weeds out most anyone who doesn’t drive a Maybach, making these caps their own private club.

Answer 41

moralizatorski This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, **blue-skinned** man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 42

machnięcie czymś, mały ruch czymś (np. nadgarstkiem) With a **flick of his finger**, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 43

to champion At a time when segments of the right and left alike **champion** protectionist populism—from Republican Senator Josh Hawley’s hostility to free trade to Bernie Sanders’ redistributionism—this puts Musk at odds with both.

Answer 44

to stride Then the tour is over. Musk turns, whistles to Marvin and **strides** briskly to his waiting Tesla.

Answer 45

nie móc sobie pozwolić But perhaps the greatest risk of failing to identify and plan for these pitfalls is that if national security concerns come into conflict with climate change ambitions, a successful transition might not take place at all. And the world **can ill afford** more bumps on the already rough road to net zero.

Answer 46

wielbiciel With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of **devotees** hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 47

cad This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, **cad**; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 48

to put somebody in their place Musk has spent a lifetime defying the haters; now, it seems, he’s finally in position to **put them in their place**.

Answer 49

czekać With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees **hangs on** his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 50

sedno sprawy, ogólny rozrachunek, rezultat **The bottom line**: There has been less creative destruction than prior studies have suggested—indeed, less than most people believe.

Answer 51

drwiący Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk demurs at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says **wryly**, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries and stuff.”

Answer 52

latter-day And they see crypto broadly as a classic, doomed-to-fail techno-solutionism (the belief that technology can solve any problem) Ponzi scheme pushed by **latter-day** medicine-show hucksters eager to exit their investments in unregulated securities before the market collapses or the Securities and Exchange Commission gets around to regulating them.

Answer 53

to amuse oneself When the topic of government comes up in TIME’s interview, Musk briefly **amuses himself** by humming rapper Warren G’s ’90s hip-hop hit “Regulate.” “They’re basically saying they want control of the assets,” he says. “This does not result in, actually, the good of the people. You want those who are managing capital to be good stewards of capital. And I think the government is inherently not a good steward of capital.”

Answer 54

tu: wydarzenie If recent **developments**—such as Chinese President Xi Jinping’s failure to attend the Glasgow meeting in person, China’s lackluster revision of its climate targets, and Beijing’s softening on coal policy in the face of recent gas shortages—are indicative of a trend, China and the United States could increasingly clash over climate change, which may then sap the political will of other countries to take strong climate action.

Answer 55

to mothball Before Musk, America’s space industry was moribund. In 2011, NASA **mothballed** the last space shuttle, after inking a deal with SpaceX to make uncrewed cargo resupply runs to the International Space Station (ISS).

Answer 56

hucksterism And they see crypto broadly as a classic, doomed-to-fail techno-solutionism (the belief that technology can solve any problem) Ponzi scheme pushed by latter-day medicine-show **hucksters** eager to exit their investments in unregulated securities before the market collapses or the Securities and Exchange Commission gets around to regulating them.

Answer 57

przestarzały; odgrzewany Musk is our avatar of infinite possibility, our usher to the remade world, where **shopworn** practices are cast aside and the unprecedented becomes logical, where Earth and humanity can still be saved.

Answer 58

*przekaz polityczny oparty na słowach-kluczach, które mają inne znaczenie dla ogółu a inne dla określonej grupy docelowej, do której jest w rzeczywistości skierowany* He has an ardent following in some of the nastier precincts of the far right, but Musk claims that when he tweeted “Take the red pill” last year, he had no idea that “red-pilling” was a right-wing **dog whistle**: “I was just referring to The Matrix,” the movie from which the meme derives.

Answer 59

w przypływie czegoś (np. gniewu) The sale was prompted by a Twitter poll Musk posted **in a fit of** pique over liberal Senators’ proposals to tax billionaires.

Answer 60

otwarcie, stanowczo (np. krytykować) A few short years ago, Musk was **roundly** mocked as a crazy con artist on the verge of going broke. Now this shy South African with Asperger’s syndrome, who escaped a brutal childhood and overcame personal tragedy, bends governments and industry to the force of his ambition.

Answer 61

sprzeciwiać się Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk **demurs** at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says wryly, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries and stuff.”

Answer 62

otherwise Digital disruption is real, of course, but it has been oversold by three myths: Every sector is under threat, disruption happens quickly and is accelerating, and established firms are struggling to adapt. The facts suggest **otherwise**.

Answer 63

snafu In practice, it wasn’t that easy. Tesla’s first decade was plagued by unmet deadlines, technical **snafus** and cost overruns.

Answer 64

obrazoburca Visionary. Showman. **Iconoclast**. Troll. How Elon Musk is reshaping our world—and beyond.

Answer 65

news, nowina, wielkie halo; idiotyzm With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his **poops**.

Answer 66

to hang on With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees **hangs on** his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 67

capital spending The clean energy transition demands a complete transformation of the global economy and will require roughly $100 trillion in additional **capital spending** over the next three decades.

Answer 68

wry Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk demurs at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says **wryly**, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries and stuff.”

Answer 69

wyrzucanie pieniądzy w błoto Musk’s January announcement of a $100 million climate prize rankled some environmentalists because of its inclusion of proposals for direct- air carbon capture—giant machines to suck carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. While some experts say researching that technology is necessary, others see it as a costly distraction. “Direct- air capture is a **boondoggle**,” says Mark Jacobson, director of Stanford’s amosphere/Energy program. “We can’t waste our time and money on things that just don’t work very well.”

Answer 70

somebody's fair share “In this country, I think there is a consensus that we ought to pay for the priorities we really care about, and everyone ought to pay their **fair share**,” Wyden says.

Answer 71

dotyczyć czegoś The most prevalent sources of industrial strength have been the mutually reinforcing competitive advantages of supply-side scale and customer captivity. Content creation simply **does not lend itself to** either, while aggregation is amenable to both.

Answer 72

pojawiać się Some developing countries will also face obstacles that rarely **crop up** in rich countries. For example, charging an electric car may not be viable in countries that experience blackouts every day or where electric grids are backed up by diesel generators.

Answer 73

ulegać czemuś Musk has faced criticism for **pandering to** America’s increasingly assertive authoritarian rival. “Overall, Tesla has a good relationship with China,” Musk told a business conference on Dec. 6. “I don’t mean to endorse everything China does.”

Answer 74

seria filmów *a series of films that have the same or similar titles and are about the same characters* This fourth iteration of the **franchise** is set 60 years after the events of “The Matrix Revolutions,” which came out in 2003. Neo, we are told, is actually a balding nerd, but we still see him as Keanu Reeves, who is neither balding nor nerdy.

Answer 75

atmosfera czegoś This conventional wisdom—that corporate disruption and death are inevitable— has put many market leaders in a defensive stance. Inside such firms innovation and transformation efforts can take on an **air of** desperation.

Answer 76

leg up This will increasingly enable Moscow and Beijing to influence norms regarding nuclear nonproliferation and impose new operational and safety standards designed to give their own companies a lasting **leg up** in a sector that will need to grow as the energy transition unfolds.

Answer 77

newly minted “He is a humanist—not in the sense of being a nice person, because he isn’t,” says Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society, who met Musk in 2001, when the young, **newly minted** dot-com millionaire sent a large unsolicited check to the organization.

Answer 78

pomimo The relationship between Beijing and Washington is more fraught now than it has been in decades. Thus far, cooperation between the two powers on climate change has been minimal, **notwithstanding** a last-minute agreement to work together on the issue that they reached at the COP26 (26th Conference of the Parties) meeting in Glasgow this past fall.

Answer 79

czujący, odczuwający The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the frenetic gibberish, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by **sentient** and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 80

graniczny For all his outlier qualities, Musk also embodies the zeitgeist of this **liminal** age.

Answer 81

o ile mi wiadomo; “Markets move themselves all the time,” he says, “based on nothing **as far as I can tell**. So the statements that I make, are they materially different from random movements of the stock that might happen anyway? I don’t think so.”

Answer 82

to fell Zubrin, of the Mars Society, believes three qualities could **fell** Musk: his work aholism, his recklessness or a sort of earned hubris. “Great leaders become incapable of hearing criticism,” he says. “Why did Napoleon fail in Russia? Because every time before, he had succeeded. Plenty of French generals were saying, ‘Why don’t we just take Poland and be good?’ But every time in the past, the people who urged caution had been wrong.”

Answer 83

attendant Then came Big Tech and the **attendant** centralization, windfall profits, culture wars, misinformation campaigns, congressional hearings, EU rulings, antitrust battles and techno-nationalism that have characterized the past decade.

Answer 84

indomitable With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and **indomitable**. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 85

to gleam **Gleaming** spacecraft—some retired from duty, others still in production—rise stories above the sparse terrain. His company is gobbling up local housing and encouraging employees to move there. “Creating the city of Starbase, Texas,” Musk announced on Twitter earlier this year, to the evident surprise of the residents of Boca Chica, where his facility is located.

Answer 86

liminal For all his outlier qualities, Musk also embodies the zeitgeist of this **liminal** age.

Answer 87

towarzyszący (odnoszący się lub spowodowany przez coś) Then came Big Tech and the **attendant** centralization, windfall profits, culture wars, misinformation campaigns, congressional hearings, EU rulings, antitrust battles and techno-nationalism that have characterized the past decade.

Answer 88

at first blush **At first blush**, then, a decarbonized world might seem likely to be more globalized than today’s fossil-fuel dependent planet. But getting to that net-zero world will generate three forces that will push against globalization.

Answer 89

coś stanowiącego przewagę; wsparcie, ułatwienie This will increasingly enable Moscow and Beijing to influence norms regarding nuclear nonproliferation and impose new operational and safety standards designed to give their own companies a lasting **leg up** in a sector that will need to grow as the energy transition unfolds.

Answer 90

untimely A few years ago, as part of our work with large, established companies, we created a mock cemetery filled with tombstones bearing the names of industry giants that had suffered **untimely** bankruptcies or fire sales.

Answer 91

dać komuś spokój, daj komuś trochę luzu The older I get, I think, **cut yourself some slack**.

Answer 92

wgłębiać się w coś (np. szczegóły, badania) Meanwhile, a **dive into** the profitability of firms that have stayed on the Fortune 500 shows that despite anecdotal examples of margins that have been squeezed by digital disruption in some industries, most companies are more profitable today than they were back then.

Answer 93

radzić sobie In contrast, during the 2021 power crisis in Texas, the parts of the state with grids connected to those of neighboring states **fared** better than the rest of Texas, which was served by an isolated electric grid and transmission system.

Answer 94

kroczyć Then the tour is over. Musk turns, whistles to Marvin and **strides** briskly to his waiting Tesla.

Answer 95

zabawiać się czymś; umilać sobie czas When the topic of government comes up in TIME’s interview, Musk briefly **amuses himself** by humming rapper Warren G’s ’90s hip-hop hit “Regulate.” “They’re basically saying they want control of the assets,” he says. “This does not result in, actually, the good of the people. You want those who are managing capital to be good stewards of capital. And I think the government is inherently not a good steward of capital.”

Answer 96

ręczyć za coś This is not a movie the world needs, or a movie that thinks it’s needed. Having suffered through it, I can **vouch for** the purity of its needlessness.

Answer 97

samouk His rockets, built from scratch on an **autodidact’s** mold-breaking vision, have saved taxpayers billions, reinvigorated America’s space dreams and are launching satellites to expand Internet access across the globe.

Answer 98

przybierać coś (np. jakiś wyraz twarzy) This conventional wisdom—that corporate disruption and death are inevitable— has put many market leaders in a defensive stance. Inside such firms innovation and transformation efforts can **take on** an air of desperation.

Answer 99

gibberish The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the frenetic **gibberish**, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by sentient and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 100

żałosny “The current blockchains are like **woefully** underpowered computers that can only do a very, very small amount of transactions, and the things they can do are shockingly limited,” says Stephen Diehl, a programmer in London who is one of Web3’s most visible and cogent critics.

Answer 101

and stuff Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk demurs at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says wryly, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries **and stuff**.”

Answer 102

bzdura, nonsens The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the frenetic **gibberish**, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by sentient and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 103

irokez (fryzura) The toddler has his father’s porcelain skin and a mane of straw blond hair, shaved on the sides into the same **fauxhawk** Musk recently adopted.

Answer 104

mane The toddler has his father’s porcelain skin and a **mane** of straw blond hair, shaved on the sides into the same fauxhawk Musk recently adopted.

Answer 105

larger than life Many people are described as **larger than life**, but few deserve it.

Answer 106

to vouch for This is not a movie the world needs, or a movie that thinks it’s needed. Having suffered through it, I can **vouch for** the purity of its needlessness.

Answer 107

grać va banque Most of Hollywood **is all-in** on the streaming business. As Mr. Rothman put it, “We are in the profit business.”

Answer 108

fair A **fair** number also boast geologic formations excellent for storing carbon dioxide that will need to be removed from the atmosphere. (According to some estimates, one-fifth of the reduction in carbon dioxide necessary to achieve net-zero emissions will come from carbon removal.)

Answer 109

pastwisko When digital photography became viable, the company could have retrenched around its declining but profitable photo and film business (and paid shareholders dividends for another decade) or gone all-in on digital imaging—or, like Fuji, sought new **pastures**.

Answer 110

powalić (np. przeciwnika); ściąć (np. drzewo) Zubrin, of the Mars Society, believes three qualities could **fell** Musk: his work aholism, his recklessness or a sort of earned hubris. “Great leaders become incapable of hearing criticism,” he says. “Why did Napoleon fail in Russia? Because every time before, he had succeeded. Plenty of French generals were saying, ‘Why don’t we just take Poland and be good?’ But every time in the past, the people who urged caution had been wrong.”

Answer 111

rozkoszowanie (się czymś), przyjemność THE MEA CULPA is irresistible, not to mention wryly meta and charmingly candid, so I won’t even try to resist quoting what “The Matrix Resurrections” has provided for our **delectation**.

Answer 112

zadaszenie, markiza Musk takes him over to a patch of AstroTurf in front of the Starbase employee restaurant (“Astropub”), which has an **awning** made of rocket flaps.

Answer 113

próg podatkowy Said Ms. Woods, they “give off that status, that moniker of wealth” recognized only by others in the top **tax bracket**. That is, until shows like “Succession” made anyone with a $10 HBO Max subscription aware of these $625 caps.

Answer 114

wszelkiego rodzaju This future, a second chance to use technology to upend traditional power structures, is being trumpeted by silver-tongued hypepeople **of every stripe**, from venture capitalists to armchair oracles on social media.

Answer 115

to disavow Musk has **disavowed** terrestrial political affiliations and maintained good relations with politicians of both parties, including Presidents Obama and Trump, though he quit the latter’s business council after only a few months over the decision to pull out of the Paris climate accords.

Answer 116

to oversell Digital disruption is real, of course, but it has been **oversold** by three myths: Every sector is under threat, disruption happens quickly and is accelerating, and established firms are struggling to adapt. The facts suggest otherwise.

Answer 117

refleksja “I believe we’ve got to watch out for the erosion of freedom in America.” The vast expanse of human misery can seem an **afterthought** to a man with his eyes on Mars.

Answer 118

to part with Rather than funding DeSo in the traditional manner—by creating a startup and asking the wealthy mandarins of venture capital to **part with** money in exchange for partial ownership—DeSo instead sold early investors, including Andreessen Horowitz, some of its crypto tokens.

Answer 119

wydatki inwestycyjne The clean energy transition demands a complete transformation of the global economy and will require roughly $100 trillion in additional **capital spending** over the next three decades.

Answer 120

orędować za czymś, opowiadać się za czymś At a time when segments of the right and left alike **champion** protectionist populism—from Republican Senator Josh Hawley’s hostility to free trade to Bernie Sanders’ redistributionism—this puts Musk at odds with both.

Answer 121

off base Talk of a smooth transition to clean energy is fanciful: there is no way that the world can avoid major upheavals as it remakes the entire energy system, which is the lifeblood of the global economy and underpins the geopolitical order. Moreover, the conventional wisdom about who will gain and who will lose is frequently **off base**.

Answer 122

pokazać komuś gdzie jest jego miejsce, odesłać kogoś do szeregu Musk has spent a lifetime defying the haters; now, it seems, he’s finally in position to **put them in their place**.

Answer 123

to rile That doesn’t always go smoothly. Warner Bros., owned by AT&T, **riled** the Hollywood establishment by deciding this year to release all of its 2021 movies on HBO Max on the day of their theatrical debut.

Answer 124

złota klatka Distraught, the couple began in vitro fertilization treatments, and Justine gave birth to twins and triplets, all of whom are boys. As Justine later told it, Elon abandoned her to tend to his companies as she spiraled into depression inside an L.A. mansion that became a **gilded cage**.

Answer 125

distraught **Distraught**, the couple began in vitro fertilization treatments, and Justine gave birth to twins and triplets, all of whom are boys. As Justine later told it, Elon abandoned her to tend to his companies as she spiraled into depression inside an L.A. mansion that became a gilded cage.

Answer 126

franchise This fourth iteration of the **franchise** is set 60 years after the events of “The Matrix Revolutions,” which came out in 2003. Neo, we are told, is actually a balding nerd, but we still see him as Keanu Reeves, who is neither balding nor nerdy.

Answer 127

chełpić się czymś, triumfować z powodu czegoś His company, X.com, eventually became part of PayPal, which was purchased by eBay in 2002. Musk came away with about $180 million. But instead of **gloating over** his payday, Musk still seems irked that these early companies never fulfilled their potential as he saw it.

Answer 128

inaczej, co innego, w inny sposób Digital disruption is real, of course, but it has been oversold by three myths: Every sector is under threat, disruption happens quickly and is accelerating, and established firms are struggling to adapt. The facts suggest **otherwise**.

Answer 129

to pander to Musk has faced criticism for **pandering to** America’s increasingly assertive authoritarian rival. “Overall, Tesla has a good relationship with China,” Musk told a business conference on Dec. 6. “I don’t mean to endorse everything China does.”

Answer 130

grzywa The toddler has his father’s porcelain skin and a **mane** of straw blond hair, shaved on the sides into the same fauxhawk Musk recently adopted.

Answer 131

w ciągłych zmianach Finally, take the time to make the right choice. The effects of new technologies are usually felt across decades, not years, and most potentially disruptive ones (and the firms behind them) end up coexisting with their established counterparts. The newspaper industry is still **in flux**—with paper and online versions alongside each other—25 years in.

Answer 132

juvenile The **juvenile** missives from his unmistakably phallic Twitter avatar came days after one of his rockets launched NASA’s first anti-asteroid planetary defense test; a few weeks before another launched a first-of-its-kind mission to study cosmic X-rays; and amid Musk’s sale of 10% of his Tesla stock, a process that roiled markets, cost him billions and should produce enough tax revenue to fund the Commerce Department for a year.

Answer 133

to fall victim Later in that decade, Clayton Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation, which describes how established companies **fall victim** to their own success, became a popular concept in strategy.

Answer 134

to demur Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk **demurs** at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says wryly, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries and stuff.”

Answer 135

ktoś, kto próbuje być fajny obrażając przy tym inne osoby This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, **edgelord**, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 136

stranglehold Here’s the basic idea: New technologies like blockchain present the opportunity to loosen the centralized **stranglehold** that companies and governments have over everything from internet platforms to intellectual property to the creation and distribution of money.

Answer 137

sugerujący męskość i siłę With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, **square-jawed** and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 138

silver-tongued This future, a second chance to use technology to upend traditional power structures, is being trumpeted by **silver-tongued** hypepeople of every stripe, from venture capitalists to armchair oracles on social media.

Answer 139

zwyczajny; zwykły These technologies represent an evolution of cryptocurrency beyond bitcoin—which some in crypto communities now deride as **mere** “digital gold.”

Answer 140

nowatorski His rockets, built from scratch on an autodidact’s **mold-breaking** vision, have saved taxpayers billions, reinvigorated America’s space dreams and are launching satellites to expand Internet access across the globe.

Answer 141

of every stripe This future, a second chance to use technology to upend traditional power structures, is being trumpeted by silver-tongued hypepeople **of every stripe**, from venture capitalists to armchair oracles on social media.

Answer 142

bear the brunt As the urgency of decarbonization increases along with the costs of climate change, the failure of rich countries to assist poor ones will be a growing source of geopolitical tension—particularly as developing countries disproportionately **bear the brunt** of damage they did not cause.

Answer 143

wykorzystywać swoje mocne strony As every business student knows, the smart response is to push back against those forces—for example, by shoring up the barriers to entry, increasing your own bargaining power, and **playing to your existing strengths**.

Answer 144

rozstawać się z kimś; pozbywać się czegoś Rather than funding DeSo in the traditional manner—by creating a startup and asking the wealthy mandarins of venture capital to **part with** money in exchange for partial ownership—DeSo instead sold early investors, including Andreessen Horowitz, some of its crypto tokens.

Answer 145

to be a thing of the past Proponents of clean energy hope (and sometimes promise) that in addition to mitigating climate change, the energy transition will help make tensions over energy resources **a thing of the past**.

Answer 146

oderwany od rzeczywistości Talk of a smooth transition to clean energy is fanciful: there is no way that the world can avoid major upheavals as it remakes the entire energy system, which is the lifeblood of the global economy and underpins the geopolitical order. Moreover, the conventional wisdom about who will gain and who will lose is frequently **off base**.

Answer 147

obsesyjny cel This so-called single-stage-to-orbit model has been the **white whale** of rocket designers for generations.

Answer 148

flick of something With a **flick of his finger**, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 149

installed base As Deere pursued this strategy, incumbency provided it with a set of advantages: an immense **installed base** and a reputation that extended back more than a hundred years.

Answer 150

przekonujący “The current blockchains are like woefully underpowered computers that can only do a very, very small amount of transactions, and the things they can do are shockingly limited,” says Stephen Diehl, a programmer in London who is one of Web3’s most visible and **cogent** critics.

Answer 151

cogent “The current blockchains are like woefully underpowered computers that can only do a very, very small amount of transactions, and the things they can do are shockingly limited,” says Stephen Diehl, a programmer in London who is one of Web3’s most visible and **cogent** critics.

Answer 152

white whale This so-called single-stage-to-orbit model has been the **white whale** of rocket designers for generations.

Answer 153

and beyond Visionary. Showman. Iconoclast. Troll. How Elon Musk is reshaping our world—**and beyond**.

Answer 154

obfuscation Analogies fail in corporate arrangements as novel as these, which is one reason blockchain startups remain obscure to most investors. Critics claim such **obfuscation** is deliberate, and is as much about hiding suspect financial and technical engineering as it is a consequence of any supposed innovation in business models.

Answer 155

to keep in check As European countries come to increasingly depend on Russian gas in the coming years and as volatility in the oil market rises, both the United States and Europe will count on Russia to **keep prices in check** through its partnership with Saudi Arabia as leaders of the OPEC + alliance, which is made up of the members of OPEC and ten other major oil-exporting countries.

Answer 156

mere These technologies represent an evolution of cryptocurrency beyond bitcoin—which some in crypto communities now deride as **mere** “digital gold.”

Answer 157

nieproszony, niezamawiany (np. towar) “He is a humanist—not in the sense of being a nice person, because he isn’t,” says Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society, who met Musk in 2001, when the young, newly minted dot-com millionaire sent a large **unsolicited** check to the organization.

Answer 158

paść ofiarą Later in that decade, Clayton Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation, which describes how established companies **fall victim** to their own success, became a popular concept in strategy.

Answer 159

niezwykły, przyciągający uwagę, ekscytujący (w pozytywny sposób) Many people are described as **larger than life**, but few deserve it.

Answer 160

umilać sobie (czas, dni, godziny, popołudnie); At 30, Musk was fabulously rich, but **whiling away** his days on a yacht didn’t appeal to him. After a severe bout of malaria nearly killed him in 2001, those close to him say, he seemed to feel an urgency to make more of his time on Earth.

Answer 161

to fight back **Fight back**. The default reaction to disruption, again, is to try to take on an insurgent at its own game. Examples include British Airways’ launch of the no-frills service Go, since sold to Easy-Jet; the New York Times’ creation of NYTimes.com; and the major carmakers’ moves into electric vehicles.

Answer 162

legacy Given the uncertainty about future needs and demands, policymakers should be prepared to keep some **legacy** fossil fuel assets in reserve, in case they are needed for brief periods during the transition when there is a disconnect between supply and demand.

Answer 163

iconoclast Visionary. Showman. **Iconoclast**. Troll. How Elon Musk is reshaping our world—and beyond.

Answer 164

zwykły, przeciętny, bez polotu Even when talent can deliver surefire success, if a star actor, writer, or director is well represented by managers and agents, the return on such investments remains **pedestrian**.

Answer 165

błędnie, mylnie For example, many observers claim that we are on the cusp of full-scale disruption in industries such as finance, insurance, and education. My research shows that people have been making the same predictions— **erroneously**—since the 1990s.

Answer 166

orżnąć kogoś (oszukać) After a couple of trips, Musk concluded that the Russians were trying to **rip him off**—and that their rockets weren’t even very good.

Answer 167

na pierwszy rzut oka **At first blush**, then, a decarbonized world might seem likely to be more globalized than today’s fossil-fuel dependent planet. But getting to that net-zero world will generate three forces that will push against globalization.

Answer 168

up for This was the year we emerged from the hundred-year plague only to find there was no normal to go back to, a year that felt like the cusp of a brave or terrifying new world, with nobody in charge and everything **up for** renegotiation — from how we work and travel to what we find meaning in and cherish.

Answer 169

trzymać w ryzach, hamować, powstrzymywać As European countries come to increasingly depend on Russian gas in the coming years and as volatility in the oil market rises, both the United States and Europe will count on Russia to **keep prices in check** through its partnership with Saudi Arabia as leaders of the OPEC + alliance, which is made up of the members of OPEC and ten other major oil-exporting countries.

Answer 170

as far as I can tell “Markets move themselves all the time,” he says, “based on nothing **as far as I can tell**. So the statements that I make, are they materially different from random movements of the stock that might happen anyway? I don’t think so.”

Answer 171

zamaskowanie, utajnienie, zaciemnianie Analogies fail in corporate arrangements as novel as these, which is one reason blockchain startups remain obscure to most investors. Critics claim such **obfuscation** is deliberate, and is as much about hiding suspect financial and technical engineering as it is a consequence of any supposed innovation in business models.

Answer 172

afterthought “I believe we’ve got to watch out for the erosion of freedom in America.” The vast expanse of human misery can seem an **afterthought** to a man with his eyes on Mars.

Answer 173

to fall short with Should we **fall short with** Earth, Musk’s answer is space, where he envisions “a futuristic Noah’s ark.” His SpaceX is the global commercial leader in building and flying rockets and crews, chosen by NASA to build the ship that aims to place astronauts back on the moon for the first time in more than 50 years.

Answer 174

to rip off somebody After a couple of trips, Musk concluded that the Russians were trying to **rip him off**—and that their rockets weren’t even very good.

Answer 175

obiekt (budynek); baza Gleaming spacecraft—some retired from duty, others still in production—rise stories above the sparse terrain. His company is gobbling up local housing and encouraging employees to move there. “Creating the city of Starbase, Texas,” Musk announced on Twitter earlier this year, to the evident surprise of the residents of Boca Chica, where his **facility** is located.

Answer 176

szaleńczy; gorączkowy The story isn’t complicated if you strip away the **frenetic** gibberish, the space/time fiddlings and the incessant hops, leaps and levitations in and out of the Matrix, the vast computer-generated simulation of reality built by sentient and predatory machines to keep humanity in their thrall.

Answer 177

as something as they come The streaming war requires some big guns—even for those who’ve chosen to sit it out. The new Spider-Man movie swinging into theaters this week is nearly **as big as they come**.

Answer 178

to short-change But staying out of the mainstream fight allows Sony to maximize the value of its content without worrying about **shortchanging** its own streaming effort. It also puts the company in a strong bargaining position as one of the few remaining that can produce studio-level content available to other streamers who are increasingly conflicted about dealing with each other.

Answer 179

unsolicited “He is a humanist—not in the sense of being a nice person, because he isn’t,” says Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society, who met Musk in 2001, when the young, newly minted dot-com millionaire sent a large **unsolicited** check to the organization.

Answer 180

facility Gleaming spacecraft—some retired from duty, others still in production—rise stories above the sparse terrain. His company is gobbling up local housing and encouraging employees to move there. “Creating the city of Starbase, Texas,” Musk announced on Twitter earlier this year, to the evident surprise of the residents of Boca Chica, where his **facility** is located.

Answer 181

zamykać tymczasowo (np. fabrykę, zakład); odłożyć na półkę (pomysł, plany) Before Musk, America’s space industry was moribund. In 2011, NASA **mothballed** the last space shuttle, after inking a deal with SpaceX to make uncrewed cargo resupply runs to the International Space Station (ISS).

Answer 182

świeżo upieczony “He is a humanist—not in the sense of being a nice person, because he isn’t,” says Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society, who met Musk in 2001, when the young, **newly minted** dot-com millionaire sent a large unsolicited check to the organization.

Answer 183

drań, łobuz This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, **cad**; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the brooding, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 184

to be all in Most of Hollywood **is all-in** on the streaming business. As Mr. Rothman put it, “We are in the profit business.”

Answer 185

development If recent **developments**—such as Chinese President Xi Jinping’s failure to attend the Glasgow meeting in person, China’s lackluster revision of its climate targets, and Beijing’s softening on coal policy in the face of recent gas shortages—are indicative of a trend, China and the United States could increasingly clash over climate change, which may then sap the political will of other countries to take strong climate action.

Answer 186

pasture When digital photography became viable, the company could have retrenched around its declining but profitable photo and film business (and paid shareholders dividends for another decade) or gone all-in on digital imaging—or, like Fuji, sought new **pastures**.

Answer 187

to dive into Meanwhile, a **dive into** the profitability of firms that have stayed on the Fortune 500 shows that despite anecdotal examples of margins that have been squeezed by digital disruption in some industries, most companies are more profitable today than they were back then.

Answer 188

nieposkromiony, nieustraszony With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and **indomitable**. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 189

zalety (cechy, które nakłaniają ludzi do kupna czegoś), mocny punkt They’re also warmer than a typical cotton cap—though that hardly explains why they’re 10-plus times as expensive. But that elevated price might be the biggest **selling point**. It weeds out most anyone who doesn’t drive a Maybach, making these caps their own private club.

Answer 190

sytuacja beznadziejna; zamieszanie (chaos) In practice, it wasn’t that easy. Tesla’s first decade was plagued by unmet deadlines, technical **snafus** and cost overruns.

Answer 191

boondoggle Musk’s January announcement of a $100 million climate prize rankled some environmentalists because of its inclusion of proposals for direct- air carbon capture—giant machines to suck carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. While some experts say researching that technology is necessary, others see it as a costly distraction. “Direct- air capture is a **boondoggle**,” says Mark Jacobson, director of Stanford’s amosphere/Energy program. “We can’t waste our time and money on things that just don’t work very well.”

Answer 192

to while away At 30, Musk was fabulously rich, but **whiling away** his days on a yacht didn’t appeal to him. After a severe bout of malaria nearly killed him in 2001, those close to him say, he seemed to feel an urgency to make more of his time on Earth.

Answer 193

pismo, list The juvenile **missives** from his unmistakably phallic Twitter avatar came days after one of his rockets launched NASA’s first anti-asteroid planetary defense test; a few weeks before another launched a first-of-its-kind mission to study cosmic X-rays; and amid Musk’s sale of 10% of his Tesla stock, a process that roiled markets, cost him billions and should produce enough tax revenue to fund the Commerce Department for a year.

Answer 194

in flux Finally, take the time to make the right choice. The effects of new technologies are usually felt across decades, not years, and most potentially disruptive ones (and the firms behind them) end up coexisting with their established counterparts. The newspaper industry is still **in flux**—with paper and online versions alongside each other—25 years in.

Answer 195

poop With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his **poops**.

Answer 196

steadfast “The short-term metrics are the outer scorecard, but you also need a more important inner scorecard that looks at the contribution you make to employees, customers, and society in the long term.” We find that commitment from the CEO and active oversight by the board are key to the **steadfast** focus required.

Answer 197

proponować coś The Boring Co., which Musk started in 2016, **put forward** a plan to alleviate urban congestion by building miles of underground tunnels to whisk cars along at more than 100 m.p.h., but critics say plain old subways would be more efficient and equitable.

Answer 198

notwithstanding The relationship between Beijing and Washington is more fraught now than it has been in decades. Thus far, cooperation between the two powers on climate change has been minimal, **notwithstanding** a last-minute agreement to work together on the issue that they reached at the COP26 (26th Conference of the Parties) meeting in Glasgow this past fall.

Answer 199

powodować The sale was **prompted** by a Twitter poll Musk posted in a fit of pique over liberal Senators’ proposals to tax billionaires.

Answer 200

długotrwały, nieprzerwany The profitability data tells a similar story. The new arrivals went from no to very high profits, while the mainstays grew their profits year after year (apart from 2008, during the global financial crisis). Even the fallers remained profitable (except in 2008). Only the 35 doomed firms saw **sustained** losses.

Answer 201

przedwczesny A few years ago, as part of our work with large, established companies, we created a mock cemetery filled with tombstones bearing the names of industry giants that had suffered **untimely** bankruptcies or fire sales.

Answer 202

to plead with And as oil prices surge above $80 per barrel, the United States and other energy-hungry countries are **pleading with** major producers, including Saudi Arabia, to ramp up their output, giving Riyadh more clout in a newly tense relationship and suggesting the limits of Washington’s energy “independence.”

Answer 203

krótka prezentacja (np. ofertowa) Almost every company with “Web3” or “blockchain” in its **pitch deck** describes its mission as a user-centered quest to empower— and just as often, enrich—its users, making them owners and investors as much as customers.

Answer 204

to put forward The Boring Co., which Musk started in 2016, **put forward** a plan to alleviate urban congestion by building miles of underground tunnels to whisk cars along at more than 100 m.p.h., but critics say plain old subways would be more efficient and equitable.

Answer 205

różnorodność (np. barw), bogactwo (np. krajobrazu), zawiłość (np. historii) Even as CEO Reed Hastings announced his intention to finance a few original series in 2011, he confirmed that this would always represent a relatively small aspect of the **tapestry** of the overall Netflix experience.

Answer 206

błyszczeć **Gleaming** spacecraft—some retired from duty, others still in production—rise stories above the sparse terrain. His company is gobbling up local housing and encouraging employees to move there. “Creating the city of Starbase, Texas,” Musk announced on Twitter earlier this year, to the evident surprise of the residents of Boca Chica, where his facility is located.

Answer 207

wypierać się, nie przyznawać się Musk has **disavowed** terrestrial political affiliations and maintained good relations with politicians of both parties, including Presidents Obama and Trump, though he quit the latter’s business council after only a few months over the decision to pull out of the Paris climate accords.

Answer 208

przymilać się do kogoś The feds are probing Tesla’s Auto pilot software, which has been involved in an alarming number of crashes with parked emergency vehicles, resulting in injuries and death. The company’s expansion in China required **cozying up to** its repressive autocrats.

Answer 209

hard-driving The toll his **hard-driving** style takes on staff is legendary. Former associates have described Musk as petty, cruel and petulant, particularly when frustrated or challenged.

Answer 210

błagać kogoś And as oil prices surge above $80 per barrel, the United States and other energy-hungry countries are **pleading with** major producers, including Saudi Arabia, to ramp up their output, giving Riyadh more clout in a newly tense relationship and suggesting the limits of Washington’s energy “independence.”

Answer 211

zamyślony; złowrogi This is the man who aspires to save our planet and get us a new one to inhabit: clown, genius, edgelord, visionary, industrialist, showman, cad; a madcap hybrid of Thomas Edison, P.T. Barnum, Andrew Carnegie and Watchmen’s Doctor Manhattan, the **brooding**, blue-skinned man-god who invents electric cars and moves to Mars.

Answer 212

uraza, irytacja The sale was prompted by a Twitter poll Musk posted in a fit of **pique** over liberal Senators’ proposals to tax billionaires.

Answer 213

tapestry Even as CEO Reed Hastings announced his intention to finance a few original series in 2011, he confirmed that this would always represent a relatively small aspect of the **tapestry** of the overall Netflix experience.

Answer 214

spory A **fair** number also boast geologic formations excellent for storing carbon dioxide that will need to be removed from the atmosphere. (According to some estimates, one-fifth of the reduction in carbon dioxide necessary to achieve net-zero emissions will come from carbon removal.)

Answer 215

square-jawed With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or swoons. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, **square-jawed** and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 216

swoon With a flick of his finger, the stock market soars or **swoons**. An army of devotees hangs on his every utterance. He dreams of Mars as he bestrides Earth, square-jawed and indomitable. Lately, Elon Musk also likes to live-tweet his poops.

Answer 217

stały, wierny, niezachwiany “The short-term metrics are the outer scorecard, but you also need a more important inner scorecard that looks at the contribution you make to employees, customers, and society in the long term.” We find that commitment from the CEO and active oversight by the board are key to the **steadfast** focus required.

Answer 218

woeful “The current blockchains are like **woefully** underpowered computers that can only do a very, very small amount of transactions, and the things they can do are shockingly limited,” says Stephen Diehl, a programmer in London who is one of Web3’s most visible and cogent critics.

Answer 219

i tym podobne Despite shattering records this year with a net worth above $300 billion, Elon Musk demurs at being described as the richest person in the history of the world. “Excluding sovereigns,” Musk says wryly, adding that Russia’s Vladimir Putin is likely richer than he. “I can’t invade countries **and stuff**.”

Answer 220

missive The juvenile **missives** from his unmistakably phallic Twitter avatar came days after one of his rockets launched NASA’s first anti-asteroid planetary defense test; a few weeks before another launched a first-of-its-kind mission to study cosmic X-rays; and amid Musk’s sale of 10% of his Tesla stock, a process that roiled markets, cost him billions and should produce enough tax revenue to fund the Commerce Department for a year.

Answer 221

autodidact His rockets, built from scratch on an **autodidact’s** mold-breaking vision, have saved taxpayers billions, reinvigorated America’s space dreams and are launching satellites to expand Internet access across the globe.

Answer 222

szarlatan, znachor (o kimś, kto udaje lekarza) Mr. Dorsey, no **quack**, is clearly in the believers’ camp—and is, indeed, one of its most prominent members. In July he told investors bitcoin would be a big part of Twitter’s future, and in August he tweeted that it would unite the world.

Answer 223

air of something This conventional wisdom—that corporate disruption and death are inevitable— has put many market leaders in a defensive stance. Inside such firms innovation and transformation efforts can take on an **air of** desperation.

Answer 224

źle traktować But staying out of the mainstream fight allows Sony to maximize the value of its content without worrying about **shortchanging** its own streaming effort. It also puts the company in a strong bargaining position as one of the few remaining that can produce studio-level content available to other streamers who are increasingly conflicted about dealing with each other.

Answer 225

delectation THE MEA CULPA is irresistible, not to mention wryly meta and charmingly candid, so I won’t even try to resist quoting what “The Matrix Resurrections” has provided for our **delectation**.

Answer 226

to lend oneself to something The most prevalent sources of industrial strength have been the mutually reinforcing competitive advantages of supply-side scale and customer captivity. Content creation simply **does not lend itself to** either, while aggregation is amenable to both.

Deck no. 26 Flashcards

(250 cards)