Defenitions

Question 1

Define enzyme

Answer 1

A biological catalyst made of protein molecules

Question 2

Define digestion

Answer 2

Breaking down of large, insoluble molecules in to small, soluble molecules

Question 3

Define enzyme denature
-What 2 factors can cause this?

Answer 3

The active site permanently changes shape due to wrong pH or temperature, the substrate no longer fits and cannot be broken down as shapes are no longer complimentary

Question 4

Define non-communicable disease

Answer 4

A disease which is not transferred between people

Question 5

Define health

Answer 5

The state of social, physical and mental wellbeing

Question 6

Define causation

Answer 6

Where action A causes action B

Question 7

Define correlation

Answer 7

Where action A relates to action B

Question 8

Define tissue

Answer 8

A group of similar cells working together to perform a function

Question 9

Define transpiration

Answer 9

Loss of water from stomata causing a transpiration stream to pull in water from root hair cell

Question 10

Define translocation

Answer 10

Transport of dissolved sugars through the plant for immediate use or storage

Question 11

Define viral load

Answer 11

How much of a virus is in our body

Question 12

Define inhibition zone

Answer 12

An area with no bacteria

Question 13

Define aseptic

Answer 13

Free from contamination of microorganisms

Question 14

Define drug

Answer 14

A substance that can change chemical reactions in the body

Question 15

Define disinfectant

Answer 15

Chemicals safe to kill bacteria in the environment

Question 16

Define antiseptic

Answer 16

Chemicals safe to kill bacteria on human skin

Question 17

Define antibiotic

Answer 17

Chemicals safe to kill bacteria inside organisms

Question 18

Define placebo

Answer 18

A fake treatment which has no effect on a patient

Question 19

Define open label trial

Answer 19

Both the doctor and patient know whether a placebo or drug had been used

Question 20

Define physical structure

Answer 20

Materials made for a specific purpose

Question 21

Define blind trial

Answer 21

Only the doctor knows whether a drug or placebo has been used

Question 22

Define double blind trial

Answer 22

Neither the doctor nor patient know whether a drug or placebo has been used

Question 23

Define diagnosis

Answer 23

Identify which disease is present by looking at symptoms

Question 24

Define mABs

Answer 24

Identical copies of one type of antibody

Question 25

Define hybridoma

Answer 25

A lymphocyte fused with a cancer/tumour cell

Question 26

Define pathogen

Answer 26

A disease-causing microorganism

Question 27

Define vector

Answer 27

Any organism that spreads disease

Question 28

Define memory lymphocytes

Answer 28

White blood cells left in the blood which speed up immune response if a person is infected with the same pathogen again

Question 29

Define sources and sinks

Answer 29

-sources) parts of a plant which produce or release sugars -sinks) where sugars are used or stored

Question 30

Define metabolism

Answer 30

A term for all chemical reactions that take place in the body

Question 31

Define isotonic solution

Answer 31

Both concentrations are even; no net movement of particles

Question 32

Define mitosis

Answer 32

Cell division which produces cells for growth and repair

Question 33

Define undifferentiated

Answer 33

Not yet specialised

Question 34

Define semi-permeable

Answer 34

Only some substances can pass through

Question 35

Define concentration gradient

Answer 35

Difference between the two concentrations

Question 36

Define net movement

Answer 36

Overall movement

Question 37

Define osmosis

Answer 37

Movement of water particles through a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of higher solute concentration

Question 38

Define concentration

Answer 38

The number of particles in a given volume

Question 39

Define turgid

Answer 39

When a plant cells has lots of water in its vacuole and cytoplasm

Question 40

Define anaerobic respiration

Answer 40

The breakdown of glucose to release small amounts of energy without oxygen

Question 41

Define ventilation

Answer 41

Air moving in and out of the lungs

Question 42

Define catabolic reactions -is this endo or exothermic?

Answer 42

Breaking down of complex molecules into smaller molecules -exothermic

Question 43

Define anabolic reactions -is this exo or endothermic?

Answer 43

Building up of molecules the body needs -endothermic

Question 44

Define fermentation

Answer 44

Chemical breakdown of molecules without the presence of oxygen