Defining Life And Its Origin Flashcards
Biological, often in reference to living components of the environment
Biotic
Non-biological, often in reference to physical factors in the environment
Abiotic
Properties that a complex system has but the individual members do not have
Emergent properties
In space, where life is possible
Habitable zone
What is the Oparin- Haldane Hypothesis?
The organic molecules that form the building blocks of life, such as amino acids, could have formed given the condition that prevailed in primitive earth. Supported by Miller-Urey experiment
Developed after oxygen levels in the atmosphere began to increase, absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun
Ozone
A group of abiotically produced organic molecules that are surrounded by a membrane or membrane like structure
Protobiont
A lipid vesicle in which the lipid molecules form a bilayer very similar to a cell membrane
Liposome
The mechanism by which the information encoded in DNA is made into a complementary RNA copy
Transcription
The use of information encoded in the RNA to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide
Translation
An RNA based catalyst that is part of the bio chemical machinery of all cells
Ribozymes
The bio chemical reactions that allow a cell or organism to extract energy from it surrounding, they use that Energy to maintain itself, grow, and reproduce
Metabolism
A substance that has electrons removed
Oxidize
A substance that receives electrons
Reduce
An organism that the rise in extreme environments
Extremophile
An organism that obtains energy from light
Phototroph
The hypothesis that very simple forms of life are present in space and seated earth soon after cooled
Panspermia
Branch of biology concerned with the study of life on earth and in space
Astrobiology
A symbiotic association in which one partner lives inside the other
Endosymbiosis
An interspecific interaction in which the ecological relations of two or more species are intimately tied together
Symbiosis
The entire collection of DNA sequence or given organism
Genome
Some protein coding genes that were once part of the chloroplast or mitochondrial genome have been relocated to the nuclear genome; centralizing genetic information in one place
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Why are viruses not considered to be true living organisms
They cannot synthesize their own proteins; they have to have a host in order to reproduce
What is the deep-sea vent hypothesis?
Diapers chemicals in bedded by the vent, the gradient of temperature in the immense pressure could result in organic compounds being produced
