Definitions Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
Cardiac tamponade:
A
Occurs in penetrating trauma to the chest causing tears in the heart chamber
2
Q
Cardiac tamponade signs and symptoms:
A
Becks triad: JVD, Hypotension and muffled heart sounds
3
Q
Retrograde Amnesia:
A
Patient that doesn’t remember events that took place before the certain event
4
Q
Intra-cranial pressure:
A
Caused by edema (swelling in the brain) or expanding “brain bleed” which is a hematoma
5
Q
Cushing triad:
A
- Raising BP
- Lowering HR
- Slowing respirations
6
Q
Axial Loading:
A
Occurs when patient lands on head. This is called a “compression injury” direct force goes down on spine
7
Q
Distraction:
A
Patient who hangs themselves, cervical spine is stopped while weight of body pushes downwards
8
Q
Right Upper Quadrant:
A
- Liver — Hepatitis
- Gallbladder — Cholecystitis
- Diaphragm
9
Q
Left Upper Quadrant:
A
- Stomach — Gastritis
- Spleen —
- Pancreas — Pancreatitis
10
Q
Right Lower Quadrant:
A
- Appendix — Appendicitis
- Large intestines
- Female reproductive
11
Q
Left Lower Quadrant:
A
- Large intestines
- Female reproductive
12
Q
Retroperitoneal:
A
Kidneys “Flanks and flank pain”
13
Q
Cullen sign:
A
Hemorrhagic patches of skin around navel (belly button area). Sign of acute pancreatitis
14
Q
Grey Turners Sign:
A
Bruising of the skin around the flanks, which is also a sign of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
15
Q
Hematuria:
A
Blood in the urine
16
Q
Peritonitis:
A
Inflammation of the lining of the abdominal wall, when a hollow organ leaks its contents.
Ruptured appendix
17
Q
Left shoulder pain caused by:
A
The leakage of the blood from the ruptured spleen
18
Q
Glass Coma Scale:
A
Eyes, Verbal and Motor
19
Q
E4:
A
Spontaneous eye opening=4
Verbal stimuli=3
Painful stimuli=2
Unresponsive=1
20
Q
V5:
A
Alert and oriented=5 Confused=4 Inappropriate words=3 Sounds not words=2 Unresponsiveness=1
21
Q
M6:
A
Obeys commands=6 Localizes pain=5 Withdraws from pain=4 Abnormal flexion=3 Abnormal extension=2 Unresponsiveness=1
22
Q
Adrenal gland:
A
Where epinephrine is released from
23
Q
DCAP-BTLS
A
- Deformities
- Contusions
- Abrasions
- Punctures
- Burns
- Tenderness
- Lacerations
- Swelling
24
Q
Inspiration:
A
Inspiration is an active process that uses the contraction of several muscles to increase the size of the chest cavity
25
Angina pectoris:
Pain in the chest due to reduced supply of blood and oxygen to a portion of the heart muscle
26
Ventricular fibrillation:
Condition in which disorganized electrical impulses prevent the heart muscle from contracting normally
27
Asystole:
Condition in which the heart has ceased generating electrical impulses
28
Status epilepticus:
Two or more convulsive seizures lasting 5-10 minutes or more is defined as the condition of status epilepticus
29
Tonic-Clonic Seizure:
Characterized by unconsciousness and major motor activity
30
Four classic patterns of abdominal pain are:
- Visceral Pain
- Parietal Pain
- Tearing Pain
- Referred Pain
31
Visceral Pain:
Poorly localized, dull or diffused pain
32
Parietal Pain:
Arises from the parietal peritoneum
33
Tearing Pain:
Aorta tearing bad thing
34
Referred Pain:
Pain felt in a location other than where pain originates
35
Positional Asphyxia:
Patients who have been improperly restrained that may die from breathing impairment
36
Cerebrospinal Fluid:
Results from traumatic injuries in a fractured skull that may cause bleeding or cerebrospinal fluid from the ears and nose
37
Commotio Cordis:
Blunt trauma to the chest that can cause the patient to go into sudden ventricular fibrillation
38
Hepatitis: What is it and what quadrant
Liver, RUQ
39
Acute cholecystitis
Gallbladder, RUQ
40
Pancreatitis: What is it and what quadrant
Pancreases, LUQ
41
Appendicitis: What is it and what quadrant
Appendix, RLQ
42
Renal colic pain:
Kidney which gives off flank pain
43
ROSC:
Return of spontaneous circulation
44
Umbilical cord:
Connects fetus with placenta, blood flow
45
Placenta:
It is the organ of nutrition.
46
Amniotic sac/fluid:
Thin walled bag that contains fetus/fluids
47
Braxton-Hicks Contractions:
Irregular tightening of uterus, BEGINS 1ST TRIMESTER AND INCREAEASES
48
Meconium:
1st bowel movement of the baby, only an issued if it's passed in the uterus.
Can cause respiratory issues for the mother
49
How to position a pregnant women:
Left lateral
50
Imminent Delivery:
Contractions lasting 45-60 seconds, 1-2 minutes apart.
51
Stage 1 of Labor:
Onset of contractions to fully dilated cervix (6-20 hours)
52
Stage 2 of Labor:
Full dilation of cervix to delivery of newborn (30 min-2 hours)
This is the actual delivery of the new born
53
Stage 3 of Labor:
Delivery of newborn to placenta expelled from mother. (5-60 minutes)
54
APGAR:
- Appearance
- Pulse
- Grimace
- Activity
- Respirations
55
Appearance Score:
0=Blue, Pale
1=Pink/ blue extremities
2=Pink
56
Pulse Score:
0= No pulse
1=Under 100
2=Over 100
57
Grimace score:
0=No response
1=Minimal crying
2=Cough, crying
58
Activity Score:
0=Limp body
1=Some flexion
2=Active motion
59
Respirations Score:
0=No respirations
1=Slow, irregular
2=Crying which is good
60
Abruptio Placentae:
Full/partial detachment of the placenta, occurs during the 3rd trimester
61
Placenta Previa:
The placenta comes first. Covers fully or partially the cervical opening.
62
Uterine Rupture:
The rupture of the uterine wall
63
Preeclampsia:
Gestational hypertension
64
Ectopic Pregnancy's:
Causes a massive hemorrhage
65
How many lobes of lung are there:
The left lung only has two because of the heart.
The right lung has 3
5 lobes of lung
66
Too much tidal volume results in:
Increased minute volume
67
Primary issue in asthma is:
Impaired ventilation
68
Insert a oropharyngeal airway when:
Patient is unresponsive
69
Bronchoconstriction or bronchospasm is common in:
Asthma
70
Hoarseness:
Narrowing of the upper airway passages
71
Severe airway obstruction in an infant:
Back slaps with chest thrusts
72
Conscious, severely chocking adult patient would be treated with:
Abdominal thrusts
73
If patient is unconscious choking you should immediately begin:
Chest compressions
74
A patient who is altered with severe respiratory distress can be helped by:
Assisting their ventilations with a BVM
75
Normal rates of breathing for child:
18-30
76
Normal rates of breathing for an infant:
30-60
77
What cardiac rhythm will an AED not advise to shock:
Pulseless electrical activity
78
What is the name of when a young person collapses randomly and is unresponsive and pulseless:
Arrhythmia
79
Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) impacts the ability to:
Palpate a pulse because there is continues pump of blood flow
80
Ligaments:
Connect bone to bone
81
Tendons:
Tissues that connect muscle to bone
82
The initial cardiac electrical impulse in the normal function heart originates in the:
Sinoatrial node
83
Correct placement of the color coded ECG cables:
White-pt right shoulder
Black-pt left shoulder
Red-pt left hip
Green-pt right hip
84
Acute Myocardial Infarction results in:
Dropped BP because of the weakened heart muscle and decreased stroke volume
85
A patient with extreme hypertension are at risk of:
Intracranial bleed
86
Transient ischemic attack reslove:
Quickly
87
Hemorrhagic strokes resolve:
Not very quickly
88
Rigor mortis:
Stiffening of the muscles that occurs several hours after death occurs
89
Patients that are warm to the touch with a fever can have one kind of shock:
Septic shock
90
Ulcer:
Bleed (don't give asprin)
91
Dizziness or syncope upon standing is because of:
Orthostasis.
Patient who goes from supine to standing and drops the BP
92
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding:
Dark, with a coffee ground-like texture
93
Delirium Tremens
Alcohol withdraw that develops 72 hours after the last drink
94
Glucagon:
A hormone that is released by the pancreas that signals to the liver to release more glucose. This happens when blood glucose levels fall below about 70
95
The Adams apple is also known as:
Thyroid cartilage
96
Ureter is part of the:
Urinary system
97
Central pulse points
Carotid and femoral
98
Peripheral pulse points
Radial and brachial
