DEFINITIONS Flashcards
Define isotope
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses
Define Relative isotopic mass
The mass of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12
Define Relative atomic mass
The weighted mean mass compared with 1/12th of the mass of carbon-12
Define Empirical formula
The simplest whole number ration of atoms of each element present in a compound
Define Anhydrous
Containing no water molecules
Define Relative molecular mass
The weighted mean mass of a molecule of a compound compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Define Relative formula mass
The weighted mean mass of the formula unit of a compound compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Define Concentration
The amount of solute, in moles, dissolved in 1dm^3 (1000cm^3) of solution
Define Standard solution
A solution of known concentration
Define Strong acid
An acid that dissociates completely in solution
Define Weak acid
An acid that partially dissociates in solution
Define Base
A compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt
What is Ionic bonding?
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
What is covalent bonding?
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
Define Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
Define Periodicity
A repeated trend in properties of the elements across each period of the periodic table
Define First ionisation energy
The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms of an element to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions
Define the Second ionisation energy
The energy required to remove one electron from each [ion] in one mole of gaseous [1+ ions] of an element to form one mole of gaseous [2+] ions
What is Metallic bonding?
The strong electrostatic attraction between cations and delocalised electrons
