Definitions

Question 1

What does propaganda mean?

Answer 1

Spreading messages to encourage people to think in a positive way about someone

Question 2

What does censorship mean?

Answer 2

Presenting people from saying or publishing things that would damage someone’s reputation

Question 3

Who were the ladies in waiting?

Answer 3

They were ladies who looked after the Queen

Question 4

Who were courtiers?

Answer 4

People who attended the Royal Court

Question 5

Who were the advisors?

Answer 5

People who helped run the country?

Question 6

What does patronage mean?

Answer 6

The granting of titles, land and favours and the Queen

Question 7

What are factions?>

Answer 7

The rival groups who fought for Elizabeth’s attention

Question 8

Who were the Privy Council?

Answer 8

19 men whose job was to advise the Queen and help her run the country

Question 9

Who was the Secretary of State?

Answer 9

Queen’s main advisor and the lead member of the Privy Council- this was William Cecil

Question 10

What were Royal Proclamations?

Answer 10

When the Queen made laws without Parliament’s consent

Question 11

Who were the nobility?

Answer 11

Wealthy and powerful men who owned large areas of land (e.g. dukes, earls and lords)

Question 12

Who were the gentry?

Answer 12

Landowners who grew in wealth and influence. They didn’t have titles so they’re below the rank of nobles

Question 13

Who were the labouring poor?

Answer 13

Those who worked with their hands, often for low wages and frequently lived in poverty

Question 14

What does rack renting mean?

Answer 14

A sharp increase in rent

Question 15

What does enclosure mean?

Answer 15

Closing off common land

Question 16

Who were the vagabonds?

Answer 16

A vagrant who has turned to crime to support themselves

Question 17

Who were the vagrants?

Answer 17

No home or employment and are forced to beg

Question 18

Who were the impotent poor?

Answer 18

‘Helpless poor’- those too young, old or sick to work

Question 19

Who were the able bodied poor?

Answer 19

People who could and wanted to work but became unemployed

Question 20

What were alms houses?

Answer 20

Places that provided food, shelter and clothes to the ‘impotent’ poor

Question 21

What were the Houses of Correction?

Answer 21

The place where the ‘idle poor’ and beggars were imprisoned

Question 22

What was the poor rate?

Answer 22

A local tax collected by the JP’s to support the poor

Question 23

Who were the puritans?

Answer 23

Extreme Protestants who believed in a purer form of worship

Question 24

What was a swindler?

Answer 24

A person who uses deception, often to get money

Question 25

What was the Marian Heresy Law?

Answer 25

Laws passed by Mary I that made it illegal to be Protestant

Question 26

What does it mean to repeal something?

Answer 26

To remove a law

Question 27

What are vestamonts?

Answer 27

Decorated robes

Question 28

What is the Middle way and what was it called in Latin?

Answer 28

Via Media What the Religious Settlement was- a middle way between Protestantism and Catholicism

Question 29

What does heresy mean?

Answer 29

Crime of not following the official, ‘true’ religion- normally, this applies to Protestants who didn’t follow Catholicism

Question 30

What does it mean to excommunicate someone?

Answer 30

To expel from Catholicism and the Protection of the Catholic Church- thus, the person excommunicated would go to hell

Question 31

What does it mean to revolt?

Answer 31

To rebel against authorities

Question 32

Who were the Jesuit Priests?

Answer 32

Catholics trained abroad who secretly entered England to promote Catholicism

Question 33

What was recusancy?

Answer 33

A crime- to not attend Church services and rebelling against the Religious Settlement

Question 34

Who were Seminary Priests?

Answer 34

Priests trained in Roman Catholic colleges, who were also trained to be martyrs

Question 35

What was the Armada?

Answer 35

Spanish navy attempting to invade England and attacking

Question 36

What was the Spanish (or Catholic) Inquisition?

Answer 36

The persecution of Protestants in Spain and its colonies by Philip II

Question 37

What was the Spanish Main?

Answer 37

The term for Spanish colonies- particularly the ones in South America

Question 38

Who were English Privateers?

Answer 38

English pirates who had licenses from the Queen- but were given these licenses by the Privy Council

Question 39

What is a dog fight (in terms of the navy)?

Answer 39

A smaller sea confrontation between 2 ships

Question 40

What was the crescent formation?

Answer 40

The sailing formation of the Spanish Armada which was impenetrable to English ships

Question 41

What were prophesyings?

Answer 41

Meetings where Puritans would come together to pray and listen to sermons, with the intention of improving the standards of the clergy

Question 42

What are monopolies?

Answer 42

When someone is the only person allowed to make or sell a particular produce- they faced no competition from other businessmen so they made a lot of money

Question 43

What are seditions?

Answer 43

Causing or inciting rebellion against the authority of the monarch