definitions Flashcards
1
Q
overgrowth of terminal parts of skeletal system after epiphyseal fusion as a result of overprod of growth hormone
A
acromegaly
2
Q
presence of endometrial tissue in myometrium
A
adenomyosis
3
Q
uterine appendages, incl. fallopian tubes, ovaries, and associated ligaments
A
adnexae
4
Q
congenital or acquired increase in # of cells of adrenal cortex, occurring bilaterally and resulting in excessive excretion of 17-ketosteroids with signs of virilization
A
adrenal hyperplasia
5
Q
failure of menarche to occur by 16th year of life
A
primary amenorrhea
6
Q
separation of normally implanted placenta from its uterine attachment after 20th week of pregnancy and before birth. usually 3rd trimester
A
abruptio placentae
7
Q
absence of menses for 3+ months after menarche
A
secondary amenorrhea
8
Q
Aspiration of amniotic fluid, usually TA, for dx or tx purposes
A
amniocentesis
9
Q
fluid confined by amnion
A
amniotic fluid
10
Q
characteristics include primary amenorrhea, female phenotype, testes instead of ovaries, absence of uterus, and male genotype
A
androgen insensitivity syndrome
11
Q
excessive number of X in circulation caused primarily by deficiency of folic acid, vit B12, or both
A
anemia, megaloblastic
12
Q
MC cause of microcytic anemia
A
anemia, iron deficiency
13
Q
eating d/o characterized by altered body image and marked reduction in intake of food, caused by psychogenic factors and leading to malnutrition and amenorrhea
A
anorexia nervosa
14
Q
irregular uterine bleeding that occurs in absence of ovulation
A
anovulatory bleeding
15
Q
before labor or delivery
A
antepartum
16
Q
physical assessment of newborn usually performed at 1 and 5 minutes, used to determine need for resuscitation
A
Apgar Score
17
Q
ascites
A
abnormal accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity
18
Q
loss of uterine muscle tone, which result in failure of labor to progress or PPH
A
atony, uterine
19
Q
sex chromatin masses on nuclear membrane. number of Q is one fewer than number of X chromosomes
A
Barr bodies
20
Q
cystic swelling of a Q gland caused by obstruction of duct
A
Bartholin cyst
21
Q
pair of glands located at 4k and 8k positions on the vulvo-vaginal rim
A
Bartholin glands
22
Q
oral temp at rest, used for ovulation
A
Basal body temperature
23
Q
most common germ cell tumor, consisting of all 3 germ layers
A
benign cystic teratoma OR dermoid cyst
24
Q
physical assessment of fetus, incl. US eval of fetal movement, tone, amniotic fluid volume, and electronic fetal heart monitoring
A
biophysical profile
25
graph showing BBT in the luteal phase that is higher than normal
biphasic temperature curve
26
circulation by which fetus exchanges nutrients and waste products with mother
blood flow, uteroplacental
27
endometrial bleeding that occurs at inappropriate times during use of OCPS
breakthrough bleeding
28
the buttocks
breech
29
clinical (info obtained from surgery or biopsy) and pathological eval of the extent and severity of the cancer
cancer staging
30
neoplasm in which tumor cells are confined by the basement membrane of the epithelium of origin
carcinoma in situ
31
birth of the fetus thru incisions main in abdomen and uterine wall
Cesarean delivery
32
irregular brownish patches of various sizes that appear on the face during pregnancy and or during use of OCPs
chloasma
33
inflammation of fetal membranes
chorioamnionitis
34
malignant tumor composed of sheets of cellular and syncytial trophoblast
choriocarcinoma
35
transcervical or transadominal sampling of X for cytogenic eval of the fetus
chorionic villus sampling
36
period of life or the sx of endocrine, somatic, and psychic changes that occur in women during transition from repro to non repro state
climacteric
37
ligand, SERM. stimulates maturation of follicles and thereby ovulation as a result of its antiestrogenic effect on hypothalamus
clomiphene
38
withdrawal of penis during coitus before ejaculation
coitus interruptus
39
surgical procedure used to repair a cystocele
anterior colporrhaphy
40
surgical procedure used to repair a rectocele
posterior colporrhaphy
41
examination of vagina and cervix by means of an instrument that provides low mag
colposcopy
42
benign, cauliflower like growth on the genitalia, caused by HPV
condyloma acuminatum
43
cone of cervical tissue excised for histologial examination
cone biopsy
44
prevention of conception
contraception
45
fetal assessment and therapeutic technique in which a needle is passed into the umbilical vessel and blood sampled or tx given
cordocentesis
46
temporary endocrine structure produced at site of ovulation. it is involved in the production of progesterone
corpus luteum
47
pouch-like cavity btwn rectum and uterus, formed by a fold of peritoneum
cul-de-sac
48
scraping of the interior cavity or other surface w/ a
curettage
49
separate curettage of endometrium and endocervix for dx eval. specimens are submitted separately for pathological exam
fractional curettage
50
suction catheter curettage
suction curettage
51
sx complex caused by hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, and sex hormones of the adrenal cortex
Cushing syndrome
52
protrusion of urinary bladder that creates downward bulging of the anterior vaginal wall as a result of the weakening of the pubocervical fascia
cystocele
53
radiogram of the urinary bladder after injection of contrast medium
cystogram
54
msrmnt of function and capacity of urinary bladder by pressure-volume studies, often used to diagnose hyperactive bladder
cystometry
55
identifiable changes in the endometrium and other tissues in response to progesterone
decidua
56
direct endoscopic inspection of interior of urinary bladder
cystoscopy
57
physiologic or instrumental opening of cervix
dilation
58
immunoprotein used for passive immunization to prevent D sensitization of mom when exposed to fetal RBC that may have Rhesus D antigens
D immunoglobulin
59
intravascular coagulation abnormality originally described in the OB complications of abruptio placentae and intrauterine fetal demise
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
60
simultaneous availability of 2 sterile set-ups for either a vaginal or abdominal delivery
double set-up
61
malignant solid germ cell tumor of the ovary
dysgerminoma
62
IUGR leading to small for dates baby, assoc. with placental insufficiency
dysmaturity
63
painful menstruation.
dysmenorrhea
64
termination of pregnancy by medical or surgical intervention
induced abortion
65
spontaneous termination of a pregnancy before 20th week of gestation
spontaneous abortion
66
incomplete expulsion of the products of conception (retained tissues in uterus)
incomplete abortion
67
dilation of cervical os but no passage of the products of conception
inevitable abortion
68
intrauterine retention of non-viable products of conception
missed abortion
69
3 or more consecutive 1st trimester miscarriages
recurrent abortion
70
any type of miscarriage complicated by infection
septic abortion
71
vaginal bleeding in the presence of closed cervix and viable fetus
threatened abortion
72
difficult or painful intercourse
dyspareunia
73
abnormal or difficult labor
dystocia
74
painful urination
dysuria
75
convulsive form of pregnancy induced hypertension
eclampsia
76
pregnancy located outside of uterine cavity
ectopic pregnancy
77
growth of columnar epithelium of the endocervix onto the ectocervix
ectropion OR eversion
78
thinning or shortening of the cervix
effacement
79
conceptus from blastocyst stage to end of 8th week
embryo
80
procedure of obtaining endometrial tissue for dx purposes
endometrial biopsy
81
presence of endometrial implants outside uterus
endometriosis
82
instrumental visualization of the interior of a hollow viscus
endoscopy
83
herniation of small intestine into the cul-de-sac, usually accompanied by and confused with rectocele
enterocele
84
incision made into the perineum at the time of vaginal delivery
episiotomy
85
exogenous admin. of estrogen or estrogenic substances to overcome deficiency or absence of natural hormone
estrogen replacement
86
continuous and prolonged effect of estrogen on endometrium, resulting from lack of progesterone
unopposed estrogen
87
removal of pelvic viscera, including bladder, the rectum, or both; usually in setting of advanced cervical malignancy
exenteration, pelvic
88
microscopic pattern of NaCl xtls as seen in estrogen stimulated cervical mucus or amniotic fluid
fern
89
conceptus from 8weeks to birth
fetus
90
mammary changes characterized by fibrosis and formation of cysts in the fibrous stroma
fibrocystic changes
91
preliminary stages of sexual relations
foreplay
92
physiological cyst arising from the Graafian follicle or corpus luteum
functional ovarian cyst
93
hormone producing ovarian neoplasm
functioning ovarian tumor
94
spontaneous flow of breast milk in the absence of recent pregnancy
galactorrhea
95
an individual's understanding of the activity and behavior appropriate to the M or F sex
gender role
96
congenital absence of ovarian tissue or its presence as only a rudimentary streak
gonadal agenesis
97
congentially defective development of gonads
gonadal dysgenesis
98
glycoprotein hormone that is produced by the synctiotrophoblast and is immunologically similar to LH
human chorionic gonadotropin
99
gonadotropin isolated from the urine of postmenopausal women, consisting primarily of FSH with variable amounts of LH, used for ovulation induction
human menopausal gonadotropin
100
endocrine organ compound of the anterior gonadotropin secreting compound and the posterior oxytocin secreting compound
pituitary gonadotropin
101
feminizing, estrogen-producing ovarian tumor
granulosa cell tumor
102
pregnant woman
gravida
103
pregnant state, or total # of pregnancies a woman has had, including current
gravidity
104
blood in peritoneal cavity
hemoperitoneum
105
person who exhibits characteristics of both sexes
hermaphrodite
106
development of various degrees of hair growth of male type and distribution in women
hirsutism
107
estrogen and progestin replacement therapy
hormone replacement therapy
108
vasomotor sx characterized by transient hot sensations
hot flashes
109
pathological condition of pregnancy characterized by hydropic degeneration
of chorionic villi and variable degrees of trophoblastic proliferation
hydatidiform mole
110
excessive amounts (2+ L) of amniotic fluid at term
hydramnios
111
abnorm prolif. of endometrium with marked increase in number of glands
hyperplasia, endometrial
112
condition of subnorm estrogen prod. with resultant atrophy or failure of development of estrogen depend. tissues
hypoestrogenism
113
deficiency (usually
hypofibrinogenemia
114
subnormal production of hormones by the gonads
hypogonadism
115
removal of uterine corpus and cervix thru incision made in abdominal wall
abdominal hysterectomy
116
removal of uterine corpus, cervix, and parametrium, with dissection of ureters; usually combined with pelvic lymphadenopathy
radical hysterectomy
117
combination of laparoscopy with vaginal surgery techniques to remove the uterus and frequently the adnexae
laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy
118
removal of the uterine corpus, leaving the cervix in situ
subtotal (supracervical) hysterectomy
119
removal of uterine corpus and cervix (w/o regards to tubes or ovaries)
total hysterectomy
120
removal of uterus through the vagina
vaginal hysterectomy
121
roentgenongraphy of the uterus and tubes after injection of radiopaque medium
hysterosalpingography
122
transcervical endoscopic visualization of endometrial cavity
hysteroscopy
123
surgical incision of the wall of uterus
hysterotomy
124
failure of the lumen to develop at a point where the budding vagina arises from the urogenital sinus
imperforate hymen
125
inability to achieve or sustain penile erection
impotence
126
inability to achieve pregnancy with regular intercourse and no contraception (>1 yr)
infertility
127
space in the placenta in which maternal blood bathes the chorionic villi, allowing exchange of materials
intervillous space
128
benign mammary tumor, often multiple, occurring predominantly in parous women at or shortly before menopause. (assoc. with bleeding)
intraductal papilloma
129
device inserted into uterine cavity for contraception
intrauterine device
130
fetal death @ GREATER than 500g
intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD)
131
small for dates baby, assoc. with placental insufficiency
intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
132
intro of penis into vagina
intromission
133
ensuring/maintaining what is considered to be just
Justice
134
photographic reproduction of the chromosomes of cell in metaphase
karyotype
135
process of expulsion of fetus from uterus
labor
136
labor that is initiated artificially
induced labor
137
labor that is initiated, usually with oxytocin
stimulated labor
138
polypeptide hormone that is produced by syncytiotrophoblast, is similar to prolactin and somatropin from the pituitary, and is involved in carb metabolism by mother and fetus
human placental lactogen (hPL)
139
transabdominal endoscopic exam of the peritoneal cavity and its contents after inducing pneumoperitoneum
laparoscopy `
140
benign tumor derived from smooth muscle
leiomyoma (fibroid)
141
uncommon malignant tumor of the smooth muscle
leiomyosarcoma
142
loop electrosurgical excision procedure uses thin, low-voltage electrified wire loop to cut out abnormal cervical tissue to treat surgical dysplasia
LEEP
143
an imprecise clinical term usually referring to white lesions of the vulva
leukoplakia
144
muscular sheet, consisting of iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and puborectalis muscles, which forms most of the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) and supports the pelvic viscera
levator muscle
145
sexual desire or urge
libido
146
relationshiop of long axis of the fetus to long axis of mother. (longitudinal, transverse, or oblique)
lie
147
dense CT that represents union of base of broad ligament to the supravaginal portion of the cervix and laterally to sides of pelvis. **primary support of uterus**
cardinal ligament
148
peritoneal folds containing CT, autonomic nerves, involuntary muscle, arising on each side of the uterus
uterosacral ligaments
149
surgical or mechanical interruption of the continuity of the fallopian tubes for the purpose of permanent contraception
tubal ligation
150
last menstrual period
LMP
151
last normal menstrual period
LNMP
152
inflamm of the breast
mastitis
153
sexual stimulation by manipulation of the genitals
masturbation
154
ratio of parabasal to intermediate to superficial vaginal epithelial cells, which is indication of estrogen effect
maturation index
155
condition of fetus weighing 2.5kg or more
maturity
156
rupture of amniotic membranes before onset of labor
premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
157
onset of menses
menarche
158
permanent cessation of menses, caused by ovarian failure
menopause
159
excessive or prolonged uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals
menorrhagia
160
reversible change in which one type of adult cell is replaced by another cell type. most common is columnar to squamous
metaplasia
161
uterine bleeding occurring at times other than expected menses
metrorrhagia
162
an imaginary plane that passes through the pelvis and is defined by three points: inferior margin of symphysis pubis and tips of ischial spines on either side. usually includes smallest dimensions of pelvis
midpelvis
163
death of the conceptus btwn greater than 500g and birth
fetal mortality
164
death of fetus before birth. must be more than 20 GA or 500g in weight
stillbirth
165
death of mom
maternal mortality
166
death of infant in first 28 days
neonatal mortality
167
death of fetus btwn 20 weeks GA and 28days after birth. The sum of stillbirths and neonatal death
perinatal mortality
168
presence in an individual of cells of different chromosomal constitutions
mosaicism
169
secretion of cervical mucous glands, its quality and quantity are influenced by progesterone and estrogen. Estrogen makes it abundant and clear and fern pattern upon drying. Progesterone makes it scant, opaque, and cellular
mucus, cervical
170
referring to first 28 days of life.
neonatal
171
evaluation of the fetus by electronic fetal heart monitoring, not in labor
nonstress test
172
infrequent menstruation
oligomenorrhea
173
climax of sexual excitement
orgasm
174
atrophy of bone caused by demineralization
osteoporosis
175
stimulation of ovulation by artificial means
ovulation, induction of
176
octapeptide formed in the hypothalamus and stored in posterior lobe of the pituitary.
oxytocin
177
cytologic smear of exfoliated cells used in early decetion of cancer
Pap smear
178
number of pregnancies of a particular woman in which fetus is over 20w
parity
179
floor or sling of pelvic structures
pelvic floor
180
infection of pelvic viscera, usually by ascending routes
pelvic inflammatory disease
181
imaginary plane passing thru the pelvis that represents the upper boundary of the true pelvis
pelvic inlet
182
laparoscopic surgery using multiple small incisions, specialized instruments, and techique
pelviscopic surgery
183
pertaining to the combination of fetal and neonatal periods
perinatal
184
plastic repair of the perineum
perineorrhaphy
185
pelvic floor and associated structures occupying the pelvic outlet
perineum
186
device placed in vagina or uterus to support the uterus
pessary
187
condition in which the placenta is located in the lower portion of the uterus and covers all or some of the interal os
placenta previa
188
previous menstrual period
PMP
189
presence of air in the peritoneal cavity
pneumoperitoneum
190
syndrome of secondary oligomenorrhea and infertility associated with multiple follicular cysts of ovary and failure to ovulate
polycystic ovary syndrome (Stein-Leventhal syndrome)
191
cyclical uterine bleeding that is normal in amount but occurs at less than 24 days apart
polymenorrhea
192
relationship of a designated point on the presenting part of the fetus to the maternal pelvis (i.e. LOA)
position
193
bleeding from uterus, cervix, or vagina that occurs after menopause
postmenopausal bleeding
194
after delivery of childbirth
postpartum
195
pregnancy greater than 42 weeks GA
postterm pregnancy
196
specific HTN d/o of pregnancy with diagnosis made on HTN w/ proteinuria. usually after 20wks
preeclampsia
197
infant born before 37 completed weeks
prematurity
198
complex of sx occurring in the progestational phase of cycle
premenstrual syndrome
199
portion of the body of the fetus that is coming first in the birth canal
presentation
200
woman who is pregnant for first time
primigravida
201
condition in which the umbilical cord precedes the presenting part
cord prolapse
202
prolapse of the uterus
uterine prolapse
203
period betwn the beginning of the development of secondary sex characteristics and the completion of somatic growth
puberty
204
lack of appearance of 2nd sex characteristics by 14yo
delayed puberty
205
appearance of 2nd sex characteristics before 7.5yrs old
precocious puberty
206
period after delivery in which the repro tract returns to its normal, nonpregnant condition
puerperium
207
first perception of fetal movement, usually between 16-20 wks
Quickening
208
protrusion of rectum thru supporting structures of posterior vaginal wall
rectocele
209
retrograde flow of uterine/tubal contents into the abdominal cavity
reflux, tubal
210
method of contraception in which coitus is avoided when ovulation is likely
rhythm
211
acute exanthematous viral dx that may cause fetal malformation if contracted during the first trimester
rubella
212
surgical removal of fallopian tubes
salpingectomy
213
surgical removal of fallopian tubes and ovaries
salpingo-oophorectomy
214
application of solution of iodine to cervix.
Schiller test
215
physical changes that have occurred in response to endocrine changes during puberty
secondary sexual characteristics
216
evaluation of the components of semen
semen analysis
217
sexual disinterest, unresponsiveness, or aversion
sexual dysfunction
218
physiologic and psychologic expression of sexual behavior
sexuality
219
test for infertility in which cervical mucus is aspirated after coitus
Sim-Huhner test (post coital test)
220
vestibular glands that open into and around the urethra
skene glands
221
in OBGYN, a diagnostic aid in which high-frequency sound waves are used to image pelvic structures in pregnant and non pregnant parties
ultrasound
222
ability of cervical mucus to be drawn out into thread, characteristically greater in preovulatory and ovulatory phases of cycle
Spinnbarkeit
223
location of fetal presenting part relative to ischial spines
station
224
absolute inability to procreate
sterility
225
involuntary leakage of urine during an increase in intraabdominal pressure
stress incontinence
226
streaks or lines seen on the abdominal skin of pregnant woman
striae gravidarum
227
hypotensive sx often characterized by sweating, nausea, and tachycardia. occurs in supine position
supine hypotensive syndrome
228
agent or factor that produces physical defects in developing embryo
teratogen
229
functioning ovarian tumor composed of theca cells
thecoma
230
onset of development of breast
thelarche
231
period of three months
trimester
232
epithelium of chorion, including the covering of the placental villi
trophoblast
233
enlarged sebaceous glands of the areolae
tubercles, Montgomery
234
protrusion of the urethra through the supporting structure of the anterior wall
urethrocele
235
surgical interruption of the vas def for permanent contraceptions
vasectomy
236
the condition of fetus weight 500g or more, ability to live independently outside uterus
viability
237
development of masculine traits in a femal
virilization
238
uterine bleeding after the interruption of hormonal support of the endometrium
withdrawal bleeding
