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NHS Pathways > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Shock

A

Failure of the cardiovascular system to circulate enough blood and oxygen to vital organs

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2
Q

AED

A

Automated External Defibrilator

Automatically diagnoses and treats dangerous heart rhythms

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3
Q

Cancer

A

Cells in part of the body begin to grow out of control and replace normal tissue

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4
Q

Haemophilia

A

Genetic condition whereby blood doesn’t clot properly

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5
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Joint tissue is attacked by immune system

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6
Q

Acute Illness

A

Starts suddenly

Short Lived - quick recovery

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7
Q

Chronic Illness

A

Long-term

Symptoms can appear gradually and get worse despite treatment

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8
Q

Penetrating Injury

A

Break in the skin or other body surface (e.g. eye)

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9
Q

Blunt Injury

A

Damage has occurred without a break in skin or other body surface

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10
Q

Anti-Coagulant Drug

A

Drug that makes blood less prone to clotting

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11
Q

Inflammatory Response (4)

A

Occurs when tissues are damaged
Blood vessels leak fluid into tissues (swelling)
Helps to isolate harmful substance
Attract white blood cells

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12
Q

Fever

A

Body’s temperature is above normal level (37°c)

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13
Q

Rigor

A

Uncontrollable, violent shivering occurring with especially high fever

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14
Q

Antibiotics

A

Medicines used to treat bacterial illnesses

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15
Q

Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS)

A

A form of child abuse

Forceable, violent shaking causing severe brain damage

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16
Q

Pre-eclampsia

A

Serious condition causing high blood pressure and damage to organs in expectant or new mothers

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17
Q

Enzymes

A

Substances that allow cells to carry out chemical reactions

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18
Q

Benign Tumour

A

Tumour has not spread to another part of the body

May not need treatment

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19
Q

Malignant Tumor

A

Tumour spreads to another part of the body

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20
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Drug treatment used to kill cancer cells or stop them spreading

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21
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Use of x-rays to destroy cancer cells

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22
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart, blood and blood vessels

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23
Q

3 Types of Blood Vessels

A

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

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24
Q

Arteries

A

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart

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25
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart
26
Compensation (in relation to blood)
The diversion of blood away from the skin to major organs to make up lost blood
27
Blood Pressure
Force of blood against artery walls
28
Systolic Blood Pressure
Blood pressure as the heart beats
29
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Blood pressure as the heart relaxes between beats
30
Pulse
Heart rate detectable through contractions of the artery
31
Heart Palpitations
Heart beating irregularly More rapid or forceful Slower or differently from normal
32
Angina
Lack of oxygen to the heart due to poor blood flow
33
Heat Attack
Blood supply to part of the heart is lost
34
Aneurysm
A bulging weakened area in an artery wall
35
AAA
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | Aneurysm affecting the abdominal section of the aorta
36
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Aneurysm affecting the thoracic section of the aorta | Higher up in the chest
37
Atherosclerosis
Weakening in the walls of arteries due to fatty deposits
38
Nervous System
Controls the processes of the body
39
Central Nervous System
Brain and spinal cord
40
Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves connecting CNS to rest of the body
41
Fit / Seizure / Convulsion
A disturbance of the brain's electrical activity causing involuntary muscle spasms
42
Faint
Reduction of blood flow to the brain causing a sudden, temporary loss of consciousness
43
Meningitis
Meninges (coating of brain and spinal cord) become inflammed
44
Sepsis
Blood poisoning caused by bacterial infection
45
Severe Illness
An illness which prevents and individual thinking about of doing anything else
46
Stroke
Blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted
47
Head Injury
Any injury to the head, other than minor injuries to the face
48
Asthma
Inflammation and narrowing of the airways
49
Haemothorax
Blood collecting in pleural cavity
50
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Damage and inflammation to the lung usually caused by smoking (or other pollution) or severe asthma
51
Stoma
Surgically created opening of bowel or urinary tract onto the abdomen to collect waste
52
Lymph Nodes
Pea-sized filters found along lymph vessels which filter and destroy toxins and germs
53
Anaphylaxis
Sudden, severe allergic reaction
54
Hypothyroidism
Underactive thyroid - too little thyroxine
55
Hyperthyroidism
Overactive thyroid - too much thyroxine
56
Diabetes
Body's inability to control glucose levels in the blood
57
Type 1 Diabetes
Pancreas produces little or no insulin
58
Insulin
Hormone controlling glucose levels in the blood. | Moves glucose from blood to cells for energy
59
Type 2 Diabetes
Body is resistant to insulin
60
Hypoglycaemia
Low blood sugar
61
Hyperglycaemia
High blood sugar
62
Adrenal Insufficiency/Addisons Disease
Lack of cortisol and aldosterone hormones, leading to weakened immune system
63
Adrenal Crisis
Life threatening drop in blood pressure caused by adrenal insufficiency
64
Ectopic Pregnancy
Fertilised egg implants and begins to grow outside the womb
65
GUM Clinic
Genitourinary Medicine Clinic
66
Abrasion
Graze - Top layer of skin scraped off
67
Incision
Break to skin caused by sharp cutting instruments
68
Laceration
Break to skin caused by blunt object - Torn skin, rather than cut
69
Amputation
Severing of body part
70
Superficial Burn
Burn involving only the top layer of skin (epidermis)
71
Partial Thickness Burn
Burn damaging tissues underneath epidermis, causing blistering
72
Full Thickness Burn
Burn causing all layers of skin to be damaged
73
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the sinuses usually caused by infection
74
Cirrhosis
Scarring of the liver
75
Psychosis
Loss of touch with reality which often includes changes in perception
76
Puerperal Psychosis
A serious mental health disorder affecting new mothers whereby mother experiences severe psychotic symptoms, often centring around the baby
77
Pulmonary Embolus
A blood clot in the lung
78
Thrombosis
Blood clot

NHS Pathways (3 decks)

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