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Neuro Exam > Degenerative Neuro Disorders > Flashcards

Degenerative Neuro Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

neurotransmitter involved in parkinson’s

A

dopamine

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2
Q

cause of idiopathic parkinson’s

A

unknown

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3
Q

cause of secondary parkinson’s

A

trauma, drug induced, post encephalitic

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4
Q

clinical manifestations of parkinson’s (4)

A

tremor
rigidity
bradykinesia
posture instability

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5
Q

T or F: parkinson’s affects one’s tongue and their ability to swallow

A

true

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6
Q

drug that is a precursor to dopamine that crosses the BBB

A

levodopa

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7
Q

combination drug that is given to parkinson’s pts

A

sinemet

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8
Q

what 2 drugs does sinemet contain

A

levodopa and carbidopa

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9
Q

major SE of many parkinson’s drugs

A

tardive dyskinesia

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10
Q

gold standard tx for parkinson’s

A

levodopa

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11
Q

MAO-B inhibitors given in parkinson’s

A

selegiline and rasagiline

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12
Q

when may a drug holiday be needed

A

when a parkinson’s pt is taking their meds but they are not effective

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13
Q

anticholinergics given for parkinson’s

A

artane and cogentin

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14
Q

SE of anticholinergics

A

dry mouth, urinary retention, decreased GI motility, TD

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15
Q

dopamine agonists given for parkinson’s

A

symmetral and amantadine

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16
Q

what type of drug given for parkinson’s is an antiviral

A

dopamine agonist (symmetral and amantadine)

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17
Q

COMT inhibitors given for parkinson’s

A

entacapone and tolcapone

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18
Q

these drugs are combined with sinemet to increase the on effect and decrease the off effect

A

entacapone and tolcapone

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19
Q

when should parkinson’s pts take their meds

A

1 hour before eating

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20
Q

an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord

A

multiple sclerosis

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21
Q

disease in which the myelin is lost and destroyed leading to disruption in conduction of electrical impulses to and from the brain

A

MS

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22
Q

most common form of MS

A

relapsing remitting (RR)

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23
Q

form of MS characterized by 2 or more episodes of a neuro deficit lasting greater than 24 hours separated by 1 month

Study These Flashcards
A

relapsing remitting (RR)

24
Q

form of MS characterized by a continuous neuro deterioration

Study These Flashcards
A

primary progressive (PP)

25
form of MS characterized by sxs getting worse but having some days that are MUCH worse
secondary progressive (SP)
26
form of MS characterized by the person progressively getting sicker and sicker
progressive relapsing (PR)
27
most common symptom of MS
severe fatigue
28
how is MS dx
LP and/or MRI
29
drugs given for MS that may slow the progression
avonex (IM) betaseron (SQ) copaxone (SQ) rebif (SQ)
30
drugs used to treat MS exacerbation
solumedrol | plasmapheresis
31
what does plasmapheresis remove
plasma portion of blood, antibodies
32
drugs used to treat sxs of MS
baclofen (lioresal) amitryptyline (elavil) buproprion (wellbutrin) oxybutynin (ditropan)
33
what sxs of MS does baclofen (lioresal) treat
spasticity
34
what sxs of MS does amitryptyline (elavil) treat
pain
35
what sxs of MS does buproprion (wellbutrin) treat
depression/fatigue
36
what sxs of MS does oxybutynin (ditropan) treat
bladder dysfunction
37
an autoimmune disease in which there is distruction of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
myasthenia gravis
38
neurotransmitter affected in myasthenia gravis
acetylcholine
39
initial sxs of myasthenia gravis
ptosis and diplopia
40
what neuro disorder has respiratory muscle weakness, proximal extremity weakness and facial weakness causing speech impediment
myasthenia gravis
41
common diagnostic test for MG
tensilon test
42
what is the tensilon test
when acetylcholinesterase is injected IV and there is a temporary improvement of MG sxs
43
intermediate acting AChE inhibitor given in MG
mestinon (pyridostigmine)
44
short acting AChE inhibitor given in MG
prostigmin (neostigmine)
45
commonly used immunosuppressive drugs given in MG
prednisone and imuran (azathioprine)
46
pts with this disorder may have a thymectomy
MG
47
pts with these disorders may get plasmapheresis
MS and MG
48
type of crisis when there is undermedication/infection in MG pt
myasthenic crisis
49
type of crisis when there is overmedication in MG pt
cholinergic crisis
50
difference in sxs for cholinergic crisis compared to myasthenic crisis
GI sxs in overmedication
51
neuro disorder in which there is degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and destruction of the corticospinal tract
ALS
52
does ALS have ascending or descending muscle weakness
descending
53
these 3 things remain in tact in ALS
cognition, bowel and bladder function
54
first symptom of ALS
lower extremity cramping on one extremity
55
upper motor neuron (UMN) sxs of ALS
dysphagia and dysphonia
56
lower motor neuron (LMN) sxs of ALS
weakness, muscle atrophy, hyporeflexia

Neuro Exam (5 decks)

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