Dental

Question 1

Normal adult dention

Answer 1

consists of 32 permanent teeth, broken into 4 parts (Incisors (8), Canines (4), Premolars (8), Molars (12))

number one begins in upper right back

Question 2

children dentition

Answer 2

20 teeth

incisors (8), canines (4), molars (8)

Question 3

time period for dental development

Answer 3

6th week of gestation thru adolescence

Question 4

goals of screening dental exam

Answer 4

evaluation for abnormalities of teeth and oral mucosa

assessment of dental plaque

assessment for white spots/cavities

identify areas for preventative counseling and anticipatory guidance

Question 5

nonnutritive sucking

Answer 5

self soothing behavior

use of pacifiers or sucking on digits

should decrease over time, pacifier is better than digits

Question 6

teething symptoms

Answer 6

cranky, chew on objects, excessive drooling

NO evidence that it causes fever, diarrhea, or other symptoms

Question 7

teething treatment

Answer 7

chilled teething ring or teething device

oral analgesia

Question 8

fluoride supplement treatment indications

Answer 8

if child is high risk for caries + other fluoride vehicles are inadequate OR family is using non fluorinated water

Question 9

scenarios where a family would be using non-fluorinated water

Answer 9

water from well

bottle feeding

exclusive breast feeding

Question 10

white spot lesion

Answer 10

a dietary exposure that decreases pH < 5.5

enamel develops chalky texture

if cleaning and plaque removal occurs it will remove

Question 11

who is referred for early dental eval?

Answer 11

prolonged breast feeding or bottle feeding ( >12)

frequent consumption of surgery beverages and snacks

use of liquid medication for longer than three weeks

insufficient fluoride exposure

Question 12

impact of tobacco on dental health

Answer 12

stained teeth and tongue

dulled sense of taste and smell

oral cancer

gum disease

slow healing both extraction

Question 13

alcoholism on dentistry

Answer 13

continuous exposure to alcohol increases risk of oral cancer

bleeding and bruising more easily

experience impaired wound healing and greater susceptibility to infection

Question 14

meth and dentistry

Answer 14

distinct and severe pattern

decay on buccal smooth surface of teeth and inter proximal surfaces of anterior teeth

notice this decay in teenagers and young adults

Question 15

cause of gingivitis

Answer 15

REVERSIBLE inflammation of gingiva

breakdown of attachment fibers connecting them

Question 16

earliest and simplest form of gum disease

Answer 16

gingivitis

REVERSIBLE

Question 17

features of gingivitis

Answer 17

gums bleed easily

erythematous to blush purple in color

puffy due to presence of fluid

Question 18

gingivitis prognosis

Answer 18

REVERSIBLE with the removal of plaque and good oral hygiene

if ignored periodontal attachment fibers are destroyed and bacteria infect the bone

Question 19

gingival recession

Answer 19

attachment fivers holding gums to tooth and bone detach or are otherwise compromised

Question 20

gingival recession causes

Answer 20

periodontal disease

chronic heavy bite stress

unfavorable tooth position

aggressive tooth brushing

Question 21

periodontal disease

pathophysiology

Answer 21

untreated gingivitis progresses to point where bone destruction occurs and bacterial infection occurs

Question 22

periodontal disease

treatment

Answer 22

controlled indefinitely thru treatment by a dental professional, excellent home care and follow up

best treatment = prevention

Question 23

periodontal disease

systemic illness

Answer 23

chronic inflammation can increase CRP in liver and blood vessel –> Heart disease

bacteria in mouth can cause blood vessels to decrease diameter

Question 24

endentulism

Answer 24

untreated periodontal disease can result in loss of multiple teeth

Question 25

treatment options for dental caries

Answer 25

MC strep mutant (if in pits and fissures) flossing is actually more important than brushing `

Question 26

periodontal abscess pathophysiology

Answer 26

apex of tooth's root becomes inflamed following trapping of periodontal pocket following a chronic infection

Question 27

periodontal abscess symptoms

Answer 27

abscess or osteomyelitis of mandible, maxilla or soft tissue systemically ill but often presents with poor dental hygiene or dysphagia swelling can occur within oral cavity with little outwardly visible evidence of infection tongue displacement (stridor, drooling, airway compromise)

Question 28

periodontal abscess tx

Answer 28

local therapy warm rinse and antibiotics (PCN and Clinda) analgesia may need I and D

Question 29

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis diagnostic triad

Answer 29

pain ulceration (punched out) interdental papillae gingival bleeding

Question 30

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis secondary symptoms

Answer 30

``` fetid breath pseudomembranous formation wooden teeth feeling foul metallic taste tooth mobility ```

Question 31

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis risk factors

Answer 31

``` caucasian poor socioeconomic hx poor oral care unusual emotional stress inadequate sleep recent illness existing gingivitis stress smoking and alcohol use impair host membrane response malnutrition ``` GREATEST: HIV

Question 32

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis treatment

Answer 32

primary: bacterial control - peridex, metronidazole

Question 33

poor oral hygiene treatment

Answer 33

dental prophylaxis performed to remove mineralized food deposits topical fluoride application or dental sealants cavities are given fillings XRAY to evaluate for tooth decay

Question 34

leukoplakia features

Answer 34

white patch or plaque that can't be scrape off that tissue cannot be classified typically on buccal mucousa mC pre oral cancer

Question 35

leukoplakia cause

Answer 35

something irritates inside of mouth (poorly fitting dentures or rough spot) smoking and chewing tobacco are also commonly implicated

Question 36

leukoplakia treatment

Answer 36

typically removal of irritant will be curative

Question 37

erythroplakia features

Answer 37

red patch of plaque that can't be scraped off the tissue and not classified at specific disease

Question 38

most common type of oral cancer

Answer 38

squamous cell carcinoma