Eye Emergencies Flashcards
subconjunctival hemorrhage
etiology
associated with trauma or vomiting
subconjunctival hemorrhage
clinical features
blood underneath conjunctive from blood vessel rupture
subconjunctival hemorrhage
treatment
no treatment, just lubrication
Acute Uveitis
Location
Uvea (middle) of eye
anterior (iris, ciliary body) = iritis
Posterior (choroid) = vitritis
Acute Uveitis
etiology
Infection (virus, bactéria, fungus, parasite)
systemic disease (lupus, sjogren syndrome, kawasaki)
Acute Uveitis
clinical features (6)
Ciliary flush
Aching pain
Photophobia
No discharge
Cornea clear
Miotic pupil
Acute Uveitis
treatment
if infectious - antibiotic or antiviral eye drops + dilation eyedrops
non infectious- dilation eyedrops
acute closed angle glaucoma (AACG)
clinical features
severe pain no discharged
dilated, fixed pupil
steamy/cloudy cornea
headache, n/v
halos around light
increase IOP
risk factors of AACG
increased age family history asian female hypoeropia
5 main categories of medications for AACG treatment
- B-adrenergic antagonists
- prostaglandin analogs
- a-agrenergic agonists
- carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- cholinergics
adjunct- pain control and nausea control
AACG first line
b-blockers
AACG second line
a2-adrenergic agonists
AACG third line
systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
AACG 4th line
mannitol
3 types of conjunctivitis
allergic
viral
bacterial
allergic conjunctivitis
clinical features
seasonal pattern
bilateral
eye erythema, injection and parities
sneezing, congestion, rhinorrhea
no fever, arthralgia, or myalgia
allergic conjunctivitis treatment
antihistamine eye drops and mast cell stabilizing eye drops
ophthalmic anti allergy
ketotifen (Claritin Eye, Allegra Eye)
olopatadine (Patanol)
ophthalmic mast cell stabilizers
cromolyn sodium (Crolom) nedrocromil (Alocril)
viral conjunctivitis
clinical features
caused mc by adenovirus (URI syndromes)
clear, watery drainage
low grade fever, arthralgia, myalgia
viral conjunctivitis treatment
viral conjunctivitis is self limiting and therefore doesn’t req. treatment
bacterial conjunctivitis clinical features
purulent discharge
no fever or other associated symptoms
bacterial conjunctivitis treatment
erythromycin or TMP or Fluroquinolone eyedrops
corneal ulceration population most at risk
patients who use contacts
esp. if wearing for long period of time