Dental Anomalies 2

Question 1

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 1

• Inherited genetic mutation. Isolated or syndromic
• Enamel is affected in all or nearly all teeth
• Affects primary and permanent dentition.

Question 2

What is type I amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 2

Hypoplastic type: Thinner but hard enamel.

Question 3

What is type II amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 3

Hypomaturation type: Relatively hard but colored (not translucent)

Question 4

What is type III amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 4

Hypomineralized or hypocalcified: Softer rough colored undermineralized enamel

Question 5

What is type IV amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 5

Hypoplastic – hypomature with Taurodontism

Question 6

What are the characteristics of type I amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 6

• Quantitative enamel defect: Failure during enamel matrix secretory stage
• Generalized or localized, pits, striae, groove defects.
• Diffuse smooth, or rough.
• Teeth appear white to yellow-brown, small, and square shaped.
• Open contacts. “picket fence” appearance. Flat occlusal surface, low cusps
• Delayed eruption and increased impaction

Question 7

What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?

Answer 7

type I: hypoplastic type

Question 8

How do the teeth appear in type I amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 8

• Teeth appear white to yellow-brown, small, and square shaped.
• Open contacts. “picket fence” appearance. Flat occlusal surface, low cusps

Question 9

What type of enamel defect is present for type I amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 9

quantitative

Question 10

What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?

Answer 10

type I: hypoplastic type

Question 11

What does this show?

Answer 11

amelogenesis imperfecta type I: hypoplastic type

Question 12

What are the characteristics of type II amelogenesis imperfecta (hypomaturation)?

Answer 12

• Normal thickness of enamel. It is a
  qualitative defect.
• Soft enamel (as radiodense as dentin)
• Less translucid enamel: Cloudy white, yellow or brown color.
• hard and protective

Question 13

What type of enamel defect is present for type II amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 13

qualitative

Question 14

What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?

Answer 14

type II: hypomaturation

Question 15

What does amelogenesis imperfecta type II: hypomaturation look like on a radiograph?

Answer 15

the enamel is the same density as the dentin (cannot easily tell them apart)

Question 16

What are the characteristics of type III amelogenesis imperfecta (hypomineralized)?

Answer 16

• Enamel of normal thickness
  but soft, porous and shedding easily from the dentin.
• Normal shape at eruption.
• These teeth are very sensitive even to physical contact with a toothbrush.
• Soft enamel: less dense than dentin in radiographs.
• Grossly worn teeth (to gingival level)
• The color of enamel can range from white to creamy yellow-brown.

Question 17

What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?

Answer 17

type III: hypomineralization

Question 18

What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?

Answer 18

type II: hypomaturation

Question 19

What is dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 19

• Primary dentition more severely affected
• Amber-like translucency (yellow to blue-gray)
• Enamel separates easily from dentin (faulty DEJ)
• Accelerated attrition → Anterior open bite
• Cervical constriction → bulbous crown
• Short and slender roots
• Partial or complete obliteration of pulp chambers and canals
• Types I, II and III

Question 20

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 20

dentinogenesis imperfecta

Question 21

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 21

dentinogenesis imperfecta

Question 22

What is type I dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 22

• Associated with osteogenesis imperfecta
• Mutation in collagen synthesis genes

Question 23

What is type II dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 23

• No skeletal defects
• Enlarged pulp chambers in primary teeth (occasional)

Question 24

What is type III dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 24

• Brandywine isolate
• Found in people originating from southern Maryland
• Enlarged pulp chambers
• Pulp exposure

Question 25

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 25

dentinogenesis imperfecta

Question 26

What are examples of acquired abnormalities?

Answer 26

1) Attrition 2) Abrasion 3) Erosion 4) Third molar impaction

Question 27

What is attrition?

Answer 27

Physiologic wear of teeth

Question 28

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 28

attrition

Question 29

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 29

attrition

Question 30

What is abrasion?

Answer 30

Mechanical wear of teeth

Question 31

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 31

abrasion

Question 32

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 32

abrasion

Question 33

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 33

amelogenesis imperfecta type I

Question 34

What is erosion?

Answer 34

Chemical wear of teeth

Question 35

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 35

erosion

Question 36

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 36

erosion

Question 37

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 37

erosion

Question 38

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 38

erosion

Question 39

What are the types of third molar impactions?

Answer 39

* I. Full impaction vs partial impaction * II. Orientation: – Vertical – Inverted – Mesioangular – Distoangular – Horizontal – Inverted mesioangular – Inverted distoangular

Question 40

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 40

third molar impaction (distoangular)

Question 41

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 41

third molar impaction (inverted and mesioangular)

Question 42

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 42

third molar impaction (vertical and inverted)

Question 43

What dental anomaly is this?

Answer 43

third molar impaction (horizontal)

Question 44

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 44

- supernumerary teeth

Question 45

Is there an anomaly?

Answer 45

No the patient is just turned

Question 46

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 46

dens in dente type 1

Question 47

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 47

ectodermal dysplasia (possibly)

Question 48

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 48

- supernumerary teeth - distodens (4th molar)

Question 49

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 49

amelogenesis imperfecta type 1

Question 50

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 50

dentiogenesis imperfecta

Question 52

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 52

curvature of the premolar root (laceration)

Question 53

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 53

- curvature of the premolar root (laceration) - canine is moved (transposition)

Question 54

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 54

- distodens (4th molar)

Question 55

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 55

- supernumerary tooth (mesiodens)

Question 56

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 56

gemination

Question 57

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 57

amelogenesis imperfecta type 1

Question 58

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 58

- dens invaginatus (on lateral incisor)

Question 59

What is the anomaly with this patient (another photo with the answer)?

Answer 59

- supernumerary teeth - dens in dente on premolars

Question 60

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 60

- amelogenesis imperfecta type IV (hyperplastic) - taurodontism

Question 61

What is the anomaly with this patient?

Answer 61

- microdontia (3rd molars?)