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Peds 2 (Exam 2) > Dental Anomalies > Flashcards

Dental Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

what is the common age group for mental retardation? how many are in the mild ID range?

A
  • before 18

- 85%

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2
Q

what is the incidence of mental retardation?

A

3% of US pop (6-7 million ppl)

1-10 US families affected by it

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3
Q

what is important to remember about down syndrome in regards to atlanto-axial instability and dental treatment?

A

-short necks are protective for atlanto-axial stability. Do not ask patients to extend/move neck the same way you would a non-DS pt. May cause injury or paralysis.

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4
Q

inc in the number of teeth

A

hyperdontia (supernumerary)

*mostly single teeth, but 2 teeth in 12-23%

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5
Q

what is the prevalence of hyperdontia?

A
  • 1-3.8% in whites

- more in asians and AAs

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6
Q

is primary or perm more affected by hyperdontia?

A

perm (5X)

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7
Q

is the max or mandib more affected by hyperdontia?

A

max

*paramolar, distomolar, mesiodens

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8
Q

what are the two differenct shapes for hyperdontia?

A
  • supplemental (normal size and shape)

- rudimentary (conical, tuberculate, molariform)

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9
Q

which type of rudimentary is most common?

A

conical mesiodens (peg shaped)

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10
Q

type of rudimentary hyperdontia that is barrel-shaped ant tooth with more than one cusp

A

tuberculate

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11
Q

type of rudimentary hyperdontia that is a small premolar or molar

A

molariform

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12
Q

neonatal teeth in newborns that erupt in 30 days

  • most are primary, NOT supernumerary
  • often multiple, thin, poorly formed, mobile, rootless
A

natal/neonatal teeth

*80% normal dentition

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13
Q

are neonatal teeth more max or mandib?

A

-85% mandib

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14
Q

what problems do neonatal teeth present?

A

aspiration, feeding problems, riga-fede disease

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15
Q

a traumatic granuloma of anterior ventral tongue associated with natal and neonatal teeth that is a red/white deep, irregular ulcer, that may have soft tissue involvement, heals in 7-14 days

A

riga-fede disease

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16
Q

lack of tooth developement

A

hypodontia

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17
Q

what is the prevalence of hypodontia?

A

-3-10% in perms

  • 20% 3rd molars
  • primary less than 1%
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18
Q

what % of hypodontia occurs with 1-2 teeth

A

80%

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19
Q

what is the most common primary tooth affected by hypodontia?

A

90% max mandib incisor

*high correlation for missing primary and perm teeth

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20
Q

what is the cause for hypodontia?

A
  • familial tendencies and genetic mutations
  • PAX9 gene
  • MSX1 gene
  • AXIN2
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21
Q

genetics involved with hypodontia that affects perm molars and other teeth in severe cases

A

PAX9

22
Q

genetics involved with hypodontia that affects 3rd molars, 2nd premolars, +/- premolar, and max lateral incisor

A

MSX1

23
Q

genetics involved with hypodontia that affects 3rd molars, 2nd molars, 2nd premolars, mandib centrals and laterals, max laterals and COLON POLYPS AND CORECTAL CANCER

A

AXIN2

24
Q

which is more common, single tooth macro or micro dontia?

A
  • micro = common

- macro = rare

25
Q

what is the most commonly affected tooth by isolated microdontia?

A

max lateral incisor, followed by the 3rd molar

  • prevalence is 1-8%
  • autosomal dominant
  • with peg lats, may see slight generalized microdontia
26
Q

what is a syndrome of oligodontia and microdontia?

A

ectodermal dysplasia

*teeth, salivary glands, skin, sweat glands, hair, nails

27
Q

which teeth are most commonly affected by macrodontia?

A
  • usually isolated teeth
  • perm incisors, canines, 2nd premolars and 3rd molars and PRIMARY 2nd molars

*rare for diffuse involvement

28
Q

is macrodontia more often unilateral?

A

no, bilateral

29
Q

in the PRIMARY dentition, what is the most commonly affect tooth by macrodontia?

A

2nd primary molar

30
Q

anomalies of proliferation and morphodifferentiation

A

conjoined teeth

*could be germination or fusion

31
Q

single enlarged tooth in which the tooth count is normal

  • attempted division of a single tooth to divide
  • most often incisors and canines
  • eruption probs
A

germination

32
Q

single enlarged tooth in which the tooth count is fewer than normal

  • union of two different teeth (primary and perm)
  • usually ant
  • caries often develop
A

fusion

33
Q

conjoined teeth by cementum?

A

concresence

34
Q

lingual invagination of inner enamel epithelium that has deep lingual pits and prominent cingulum

A

dens in dente (dens invaginatus)

35
Q

what is the prevalence of den in dente?

A

0.04-10%

36
Q

what are the most common teeth affected by dens in dente?

A

max lateral incisors

*uncommon in primary teeth

37
Q

what does a dens in dente look like on a radiograph?

A

-opaque oval invagination to crown or root, tooth within a tooth

38
Q

what are large lesions in dens in dente referred to as?

A

dilated odontome

39
Q

what is the treatment for dens in dente?

A

sealant, RCT

40
Q

cusp-like enamel in central groove or lingual ridge of buccal cusp of premolar or molar?

A

dens invaginitus

41
Q

are dens invaginatus more likely bilateral or unilateral?

A

bilateral (rare in primary molars)

42
Q

what is the prevalence of dens invaginatus?

A

1-4%

43
Q

what cultures most likely have dens invaginatus?

A
  • asian or native american

* associated with shovel-shaped incisors

44
Q

what are some problems associated with dens invaginatus?

A
  • pulpal exposure
  • parulis
  • traumatic occlusion
45
Q

cusp on the lingual of anterior tooth, ususally permanent

A

talon cusp

*pulpal tissue in cusps and traumatic occlusion

46
Q

what is the prevalence of the talon cusps?

A

1-8%

47
Q

what ethnicities most likely have talon cusps?

A

-asian, native americans, inuits, arabs

48
Q

what syndrome are talon cusps associated with?

A

rubenstein-taybe syndrome

49
Q

abnormal angulation or bend in root or rarely the crown of a tooth

A

dilaceration

50
Q

what is the cause of dilaceration?

A
  • idopathic
  • trauma
  • jaw lesion
  • avulsion or intrusion of primary tooth

*could lead to delayed or aberrant eruption

51
Q

what is the treatment for dilaceration?

A

ortho

Peds 2 (Exam 2) (10 decks)

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