Dental Terminology Deck 2 Flashcards
(420 cards)
1
Q
Carvers
A
Used to carve or recreate tooth anatomy on amalgam restorations
2
Q
interproximal carver (IPC)
A
thin, rounded working ends used on M, D, F, L surfaces
3
Q
Discoid/Cleoid Carver
A
used to carve occlusal surfaces. Double ended. Discoid end is disc shaped and Cleoid end is like a spade
4
Q
Walls Carver
A
Double ended instrument that carves occlusal surfaces and is square on one end and round on the other
5
Q
Finishing aids
A
once restoration material is placed a variety of aids are used to smooth restoration
6
Q
contra angle
A
a common attachment for a low speed handpeice, this tool is designed to allow operator intraoral access with easier adaptation to tooth surfaces
7
Q
straight attachment
A
a common attachment for a low speed handpiece, this tool uses a long, smooth shank bur. Ideal for grinding, adjusting, and polishing dental appliances MAINLY outside of the mouth
8
Q
Auto matrix
A
what is used when there is less tooth structure remaining after prepping a cavity?
9
Q
gingival margin
A
outmost edge of gingiva
10
Q
cortical bone
A
forms hard outer wall of mandible and maxillae on facials and linguals
11
Q
fenestration
A
window-like defect in cortical bone
12
Q
dehisence
A
cleft like defect in cortical bone involving bone margins
13
Q
cancellous bone
A
lattice-like bone that fills interior portion of the alveolar process
14
Q
alveolar bone proper
A
thin layer of bone that lines the socket to surround the root of tooth
15
Q
crestal interdental bone
A
coronal portion of alveolar process seen in between teeth- can be seen on BWX
16
Q
trigeminal nerve
A
name nerve to supply to periodontium
17
Q
anastomose
A
join together
18
Q
superior alveolar arteries
A
name major artery that supplies maxillary teeth and tissues
19
Q
inferior alveolar artery
A
major artery that supplies mandibular teeth and tissues
20
Q
submandibular, deep cervical, submental, and jugulodigastric nodes
A
the four nodes that drain the head and neck
21
Q
extracellular matrix
A
collagen fibers, ground substance, tissue fluid
22
Q
keratinized layer
A
outermost surface layer composed of cells with no nuclei, and is very tough and resistant
23
Q
nonkeratinized layer
A
cells have nuclei and act as a cushion for stress and wear
24
Q
basal layer
A
deepest layer of ET cells, composed of cube shaped cells
25
superior alveolar nerves
the nerves that supply the maxillary arch
26
inferior alveolar nerve
the nerves that supply the mandibular arch
27
functions of the extracellular matrix
to hold cells and tissues together and regulate the transport of water, nutrients and electrolytes
28
keratin
what is found in skin, oral mucosa, and mucous membranes of body
29
basal cells
deepest layers of ET- cube shaped cells attached to the basal lamina
30
basal lamina
thin, tough extracellular matrix that seperates the ET cells from the underlying nerve tissue
31
desmosome
button like adhesion discs that connect two neighboring ET cells and their cytoskeleton together
32
hemidesmosomes
a half desmosome that connects that epithelial basal cells to the basal lamina
33
vertical bone loss
uneven loss of bone
34
horizontal bone loss
equal bone loss
35
ligature tie
used to secure the arch wire within the bracket
36
separator
a device made from wire or elastic used to wedge molars open prior to fitting and placement of orthodontic bands
37
cephalometric radiograph
an extraoral radiograph of bones and tissues of the head
38
mesioclusion
another term for class II malocclusion
39
overjet
the excessive protrusion of maxillary incisors is diagnosed
40
auxillary
attachments located on brackets and bands that hold arch wires and elastics in place
41
crowding
condition that occurs when teeth are not properly aligned with the arch
42
ligature
light wire used to hold the arch wire in its bracket
43
maloclusion
any deviation from a class I occlusion
44
separator
device made from wire or elastic and used to seperate molars before fitting and placing of orthodontic bands
45
panorex
panoramic view of both the upper and lower jaw
46
esthetic
pleasing to the eye
47
Class II Malocclusion
condition also referred to as a distoclustion
48
Class III Maloclussion
also known as the bulldog bite
49
malocclusion
any deviation from normal occlusion
50
headgear
an appliance used in orthodontics to control growth and tooth movement
51
fetal molding
deformation of jaw caused by position of baby in fetus
52
closed bite
overbite
53
interceptive orthodontics
space maintainers used in growing children
54
open bite
incisors do not pass one another on the vertical axis
55
prognathia
developmental malocclusion
56
preventitive orthodontics
appliances to maintain space
57
debride
scraping away
58
gingivectomy
surgical removal of gum tissue
59
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
60
gingivoplasty
surgical repair of the gums
61
necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
an infection of the gums
62
pericoronitis
inflammmation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth
63
periodontics
specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the periodontium
64
periodontosis
advanced inflammation and the destruction of the gingiva
65
sublingual calculus
calculus deposited below the gingiva
66
sulcus
space between the free ginviva and the tooth
67
supraginvival calculus
calculus depossited above the gingiva
68
small device bonded to teeth to hold the arch wire in place
bracket
69
auxiliary
attachments located on brackets and bands that hold arch wires and elastics in place
70
cross-bite
condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with its opposing tooth
71
dentofacial
structures that include the teeth jaws and surrounding facial bones
72
ectopic
an abnormal direction of tooth eruption
73
crowding
condition that occurs when teeth are not properly aligned with the arch
74
arch wire
a contoured metal wire that provides force when teeth are guided in movement for orthodontics
75
band
stainless steel ring attached to molars to hold arch wire and auxiliaries for orthodontics
76
apex finder
a unit which measures the distance into the apex of a tooth and displays the info on a digital read out
77
apexogenesis
pulpotomy of a permanent tooth whereby pulp vitality is maintained; allowing time for the root end to develop and close
78
apical periodontits
pulpal inflammation that extends to the periapical tissues
79
barbed broaches
used to remove soft tissue from the pulpal canal
80
cellulitis
swelling and discomfort of facial tissue caused by an abscess
81
chelating
the process by which an agent grasps a toxic substance and makes it non-toxic
82
electronic pulp tester
a battery operated tool that creates an electrical stimulus to the tooth indicating if the pulp is vital or nonvital
83
endodontic handpiece
an attachment to a low speed hand piece that supplies quarter turn motion constantly and evenly
84
exudate
pus
85
fistula
a tube like passage from and abscess to the external surface; used to drain the abscess
86
glick #1
endodontic instrument used to remove excess gutta percha
87
heating unit
provides heat for vitality testing warming the gutta percha for obturation and providing heat
88
intracanal instruments
made of stainless steel and nickel titanium alloy wire. They are flexible and fracture resistant, smooth, able to maintain sharp cutting edges and corrostion resistant
89
irriversible pulpitis
inflammation of the pulpal tissue to the point where it cannot recover; includes root canal or extraction
90
k type files
standard files used to scrape and widen the walls of the canal and to remove necrotic tissue
91
master cone
the primary cone normally gutta percha used in a root canal
92
nonvital pulp
the pulp of the tooth that does not respond to sensory stimuli
93
osteomyelitis
advanced stage of periapical infection that spreads into and through the bone
94
percussion
examination of a tooth by tapping the occlusal or incisal surface with fingers or instruments
95
pluggers
used in amalgam fillings and root canal fillings to pack amalgam into the tooth
96
pulpal necrosis
death of pulpal cells, often results from irreversible pulpitis
97
reamers
endodontic instruments with a tapered metal shaft used to clean and enlarge a root canal
98
retrograde filling
filling material placed in the apex of a tooth during and apicoectomy
99
reversible pulpitis
inflammation of the pulp caused by an irritant' when irritant is removed the pulp heals
100
root amputation
surgical procedure to remove one or more roots of a multi rooted tooth
101
root canal sealer
cement used with gutta percha to seal the pulp canal
102
rubber stops
pieces of rubber placed on files and reamers to mark the length of the root canal
103
selective anesthesia
one area of a patients mouth that is seelected for an injection to idetify which tooth or arch is problematic
104
sodium hypochlorite
the most common bio mechanical cleaner, also known as household bleach
105
spreaders
endodontic instrument used when sealing the root canal
106
transillumination test
reflection of fiber optic light though the crown of a tooth to indicate vertical fracture
107
ultrasonic unit
designed for troughing around a post and opening calcified canal; breaking away cement or calculus
108
vital pulp
healthy pulp
109
vitality scanner
an electronic pulp testing unit that measures whether a tooth is vital or non vital
110
retrograde restoration
small restoration placed at the apex of a root
111
Hedstrom File
a hand instrument used for the enlargement of a canal. It has a spiral which only cuts on a pull stroke. It makes walls smooth and easier to fill
112
abcess
a localized accumulation of pus in a cavity formed by the tissue disintegration
113
obturation
process of filling a root canal
114
perforation
Making a hole that breaks through the enamel of a tooth
115
percussion
examination technique that involves tapping on the incisal or occlusal surface of a tooth to assess vitality
116
apicoectomy
excision of the apical portion of the tooth root
117
canal
pulp chamber of a root
118
creosote
antiseptic agent
119
electrode
tip of a vitalometer
120
electrolyte
substance in which solutions are capable of transmitting electrical current
121
endodontics
specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of dental pulp
122
extirpation
complete removal of pulp tissue
123
granuloma
tumor like mass or nodule
124
lentulo spiral
flexible needle like instrument capable of being inserted into a hole
125
percussion
the act of striking the tooth to determine thickness
126
pulpectomy
removal of the dental pulp from a tooth
127
pulpotomy
the partial removal of dental pulp
128
vitality testing
tests performed to determine pulp vitality
129
vitalometer
electrical device used to determine pulp vitality
130
cap
used on anterior teeth
131
abtument
a tooth or implant that supports a dental prosthesis
132
alginate
impression material
133
coping
thin metal covering over a tooth
134
counter model
opposing arch model
135
artificial crown
a restoration that covers the entire anatomy of the tooth
136
dowel
artificial crown held in position by a post or pin
137
temporary
artificial crown not meant to be used permanently
138
custom tray
an individual tray for final impressions
139
denture
replacement for missing teeth
140
die
a replica of a tooth
141
final impression
the last, most exact impression
142
impression
imprint of the teeth and tissue
143
immediate denture
appliance that is placed at the time of surgery
144
caries
dental decay
145
PFM
porcelain fused to metal crown-- restoration with metal coping for strength and covered by porcelain for the appearance
146
porcelain
shells veneer covers, or facing fused to the surface of a metal crown to give the appearance of natural tooth surface; often abbreviated PFM
147
composite
resin material used for tooth colored replacement
148
acrylic
synthetic resin material used in fabrication of appliance parts, as coverings for the metal frameworks, or as natural tissue replacement
149
ceramic
hard brittle material produced from non-metallic substances fired at high temperatures; supplied in block shape for milling into crown and tooth forms.
150
titanium
corrosion-resistant, lightweight, strong bio-compatible metal used in dental implants and posts
151
choice
depends on the characteristics of that material relevant to the prostheses construction
152
fixed prosthodontics
various fixed prosthodontic appliances are used in mouth restoration, form the singular crown to a full arched bridge
153
inlay
a solid casted or milled restoration involving some occlusal and proximal surfaces that is cemented into tooth preparation
154
onlay
a solid casted or milled restoration that covers some occlusal tooth cusp and side wall area that is cemented onto the prepared site
155
crown
a fabricated, toothed shaped cover replacement for a missing crown area that is cemented onto the remaining prepared crown surfaces
156
full crown
cast metal, tooth shaped cover that replaces the entire crown area. acrylic resin crowns may be used as a temporary crown cover during treatment
157
jacket crown
thin performed metal sheild used to cover a large area of anterior crowns. Can be gold or metal covered with material to resemble tooth enamel
158
dowel crown
full crown cover art dowel pin extending into the root canal of a pulpless tooth, usually positioned in anterior teeth
159
three quarter crown
similar to a full crown covering all of the crown except the facial surface if the tooth that remains intact to present an esthetic, natural appearance
160
porcelain fused to gold (pfm)
crown that has a complete capping of metal bese with fused porcelain to metal, giving tooth contour, shape, and cover
161
direct veneer
is placed and cured directly on the tooth surface to build up the area or replacing missing tooth structure
162
indirect veneer
tooth material is prepared in the lab and later cemented onto the tooth structure
163
bridge
a prosthesis used to replace one or more teeth
164
fixed bridge
cemented into the oral cavity and not removed by the pt. the number of teeth involved in the appliance determines the number in units
165
maryland bridge
replaces anterior or posterior tooth and is cemented directly to the adjacent or abutting teeth; also called a resin bonded bridge
166
cantilever bridge
bridge with unsupported end, usually saddled
167
pontic
the first part of a bridge, the artificual tooth that replaces the missing tooth and resores function to the bite
168
abutment
second part of a bridge. the natural tooth or teeth that are prepared to hold or support the retaining part of the bridgework in that position.
169
adjacent
the third part of the bridge, teeth. it may be included in units if they involved in the bridge area
170
complete denture
full denture designed to replace the entire dentition of an upper or lower arch
171
partial denture
removable appliance, usually composed of framework, artificial teeth, and acrylic. replaces one or more teeth in the arch
172
immediate denture
denture prosthesis that is placed into the mouth at the time the natural teeth are surgically removed
173
overdenture
prosthetic denture that is prepared to fit and be secured upon implant posts or prepared retained roots
174
framework
metal skeleton or spine onto which a removable prosthesis is constructed
175
saddle
the part of the removable prosthesis that strides or straddles the gingival crest used to balance the prosthesis, and serves as a base for placement of artificial teeth
176
rests
small extensions of removable prosthesis made to fit or sit atop the adjoining teeth, provide balance and stability for the partial denture appliance. rests are named for the area that is in contact with the tooth
177
clasp
extension of partial framework that grasps the adjoining teeth to provide support and retention of the prosthesis
178
retainer
in fixed prosthesis, the part of ten appliances that joins with abutting, natural tooth to support the appliance, like the pillar holding the span of a bridge over the water. Some retainers are thin bars extending from quadrant to quadrant, called lingual bars or palatial bars
179
connector
used to connect quadrants of a partial denture or connect and support and overdenture
180
stress breaker
a connector applied in stress bearing areas to provide a safe area for breakage
181
artificial teeth
anatomical substitutes for natural teeth, made of porcelain or acrylic material in various shades and shapes, called molds
182
denture base
acrylic part of the denture prosthesis that substitutes for the gingival tissue
183
flange
projecting rim or lower edge of prosthesis
184
post dam
posterior edge of maxillary denture; helps to maintain the denture and suction
185
types of prevention
primary, secondary, tertiary
186
factors affecting dental public health
access to care
infrastructure
workforce
dental hygiene
oral health disparities
dental care needs of the aging population
malpractice
dental insurance
187
t-band
type of matrix band used for primary teeth. Most commonly used instrument used to help restore a class two preparation in primary posterior tooth
188
ZOE
zinc-oxide-eugenol material used as a base, temp fill, or cement. also known as IRM
189
Space maintainer
an appliance to reserve the space until the permanent tooth erupts
190
contouring pliers
to crimp and shape marginal edge of stainless steel crowns
191
formocresol
widely used medicament for a pulpotomy procedure
192
sealant
protective acrylic substance that covers occlusal pits and fissures
193
Calcium hydroxide
used in pulpotomy procedure that has a therapeutic effect known as dycal
194
indirect pulp cap
thin portion of dentin still intact with the pulp not exposed
195
direct pulp cap
the pulp is slightly exposed
196
emodogain
protein matrix that helps rebuild lost tissues
197
splint
is placed on an avulsed permanent anterior incisor to keep the tooth stable after replantation
198
anterior teeth
the most commonly injured teeth due to traumatic injury
199
enamel
most highly mineralized tissue in the body, stronger than bone and hardest substance in the body
200
epsulis
fibrous, sarcomatous tumor; also called gumboil
201
abscess
local collection of pus
202
germinate
attempted division of a single tooth
203
intrinsic
internal discoloration of teeth resulting from diet, medication, or excessive fluoride intake during tooth development
204
fissured tongue
grooved division, cleft, or split of the tongue
205
neurofibromatosis
tumor on peripheral nerves
206
avulsed
torn away or dislodged by force
207
frankl
scale designed to evaluate patient behavior
208
ectopic arrangement
a disturbance in the eruption pattern; tooth erupts out of place
209
anodontia
absence of teeth usually of genetic origin; complete failure of teeth to form
210
macrodontia
abnormally large teeth
211
hyperdontia
excess number of supernumerary teeth
212
hypodontia
congenital absence of teeth; fewer teeth than normal
213
enamel hypoplasia
underdevelopment of enamel tissue
214
dentinogenesis imperfecta
incomplete or improper development of dentin tissue
215
amelogenesis imperfecta
incomplete or improper development of the enamel tissue
216
aplasia
failure of an organ or body part to develop
217
fusion of teeth
union of two independently developing primary or secondary teeth
218
caries
dental decay; the number one disease of children
219
epulis
fibrous, sarcomatous tumor; also called gum boil
220
cellulitis
inflammation in the cellular or connective tissue
221
early tooth exfoliation
shedding or falling off; tooth loss resulting in the shifting of teeth and loss of tooth position
222
baby bottle mouth
mouth condition of badly decayed and rotted teeth with accompanying gum-tissue soreness that is caused from prolonged access to bottle feeding through sleep and eating
223
natal tooth
a tooth present when born
224
neonatal
teeth erupting in the first month
225
macroglossia
large tongue; enlarged tongue
226
ankloglossia
abnormally short lingual frenum causing limited tongue movement
227
abnormal labial frenum
enlarged or thick labial frenum that may cause diastema
228
micrognathia
abnormally small jaw; undersized mandible
229
neoplasms
new growths of oral soft tissue and bones
230
odontoma
tumor of a tooth or dental tissue; abnormal cell proliferation
231
papilloma
neoplasm arising from epithelial cells
232
verruca vulgaris
oral warts; viral cause, possibly from finger sucking
233
granuloma
grandular tumor usually of epithelioid or lymphoid cells
234
hemangioma
vascular tumor, generally located in the neck/head area
235
lymphangioma
tumor made up of lymphatic vessels
236
lymphoma
new tissue growth in the lymphatic system
237
mucocele
mucous cyst
238
ranula
mucocele in the floor of the mouth in the sublingual duct
239
scorbutic
lacking vitamin c; acute gingivitis
240
candidiasis
fungus infection; thrush
241
enamoplasty
the selective reduction of fissures and occlusal irregularities caused by grinding
242
self-cured
when mixed, base and catalyst are chemically polymerized
243
light cured
polymerizes with the use of a curing light
244
pit and fissure sealant application
prophlaxis, isolation, and then acid etching before placement of the topical sealant; when in place and hardened the sealant will form an even, hard acrylic coating on the chewing surfaces, eliminating any deep pits or fissures
245
etching
using acid to cut into strong parts
246
ankylosed
fixed stiff
247
diastema
an open area between the central incisors
248
band and loop
space maintainer; an appliance consisting of a wire loop soldered to a band and designed to prevent space loss in a dental arch when a tooth has been lost prematurely
249
distal shoe
used when the permanent first molar has not yet erupted
250
bite plane
may be constructed to correct a simple cross bite, or the child may be fitted for a device to combat bad habits, such as thumb-sucking, nail-biting, or lip sucking
251
deciduous
not permanent
252
T band matrix
curved or straight; bands are bent into a circle and the t edges are folded over to hold the shape
253
small cavities
may be excised using a laser beam, small curette, and acid solution to eliminate impurities and then refilled with amalgam or a composite material.
254
stainless steel crown/straight edge
badly decayed or broken down teeth receive these; crown is fitted, and cemented onto tooth
255
pulp
highly innervated and vascular component of tooth; primary sensation signaled by pulp is pain because it is extremely sensitive
256
apexogenesis
treatment of a vital pulp to allow continued natural development
257
apexification
treatment of a non vital tooth to stimulate closure and the development of cementum
258
pulp capping
placement of medication to sedate and treat inflamed pulp
259
indirect capping
needed when the pulp has not yet been exposed
260
direct capping
medicament is placed directly upon the exposed, affected pulp
261
pulpectomy
removal of pulpal tissue from the crown and root sections; may be endontically filled immediately or followed later with endodontic treatment after apexification and closure of the apex of a young, secondary tooth
262
positive reinforcement
compliments for good behavior, suggestions of positive actions
263
distraction
change focus from dental work to school, friends, hobbies, sports, etc.
264
voice control
friendly tone but firm, such as "we don't do that here" remarks
265
dental (rubber) dam
provides control of the tongue and saliva, and maintains a sterile and open area.
266
papoose board
a wrapping device used to restrain the patient for a difficult or precise treatment
267
oral medication
the child is conscious but becomes relaxed and is responsive to touch and directions
268
local anesthetic
after a preliminary application of topical anesthetic, a local anesthetic is injected into the work area to relieve pain
269
inhalation sedation
administration of nitrous oxide with at least 20% oxygen, reduces gagging and anxiety; child is conscious but not anxious
270
submucosal sedation
"under the mucous membrane" deposit of the drug beneath the mucous membrane
271
subcutaneous sedation
"under the skin"; injection of the drug under the tissues
272
rectal insertion
a possible method of drug administration but usually not done unless other methods are complicated or unavailable
273
Class I tooth fracture
Fractured enamel showing rough edges with no dentin involved
274
Class II tooth fracture
fractured enamel with dentin involved and no pulp tissue included
275
Class III tooth fracture
full fracture of tooth, exposing pulp
276
Class Iv tooth fracture
Tooth crown is fractured off
277
pulpal hyperemia
Congestion of blood with in the pulp chamber
278
internal hemorrhage
rupture of pulpal capillaries
279
internal/external resporption
destructive, dissolving process caused by odontoclastic action
280
pulpal necrosis
pulpal death
281
ankylosis
fusion of cement rum to the root with cribriform plate of the alveolar bone with no intervening periodontal ligament
282
toothprint
a thermoplastic wafer impression record of the childs unique occlusion
283
luxation
another word for displacement
284
athetosis
type of involuntary movement of the body face and extremeties
285
crossbite
condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with it's opposing tooth
286
extrustion
displacement of a tooth from it's socket as a result of injury
287
festooning
procedure to trim or shape a denture to simulate normal tissue appearance
288
intrusion
displacement of a tooth into it's socket as a result of injury
289
open bay
concept of open design used in pediatric dental practices
290
Surgical scalpel types
single use (disposable) or multiple use
291
mouth props/gags
used to keep the mouth open during treatment
292
Periosteal elevator
used to detach the periosteum from bone
293
elevator
used to remove root fragments, tooth fragments, etc. Types include apical and root tip picks
294
root tip picks
used to tease the root tip/fragments out of the socket
295
surgical office
high risk area of infection
296
radiographs
periapical, panoramic, occlusal, cephalopotric, computerized Tomography
297
mandibular 3d molars
most frequent dry socket location
298
prosthesis after implants.
crown, bridge, and denture
299
sub periosteal and endosteal
most common dental implants
300
differentioal diagnosis
a list of potential diseases or lesions that fit the information derived from the eval. of the patient.
301
clinical symptoms
described by the pt.
302
clinical signs
described by examiners
303
macule
found in skin and mucosa, an area indistinguished by color than different surrounding tissue. It is flat.
304
nodule
palpable solid lesion in soft tissue that is above, level with, or beneath the skin or oral mucosa
305
tumor
solid raised mass >1cm. Mass of neoplastic cells. Can be benign or malignant
306
exophytic
outwardly growing lesion
307
pedunculated
attached by a stem like or stalk
308
sessile
a flat or broad base of a lesion instead of pedunctulated. an outward growing lesion with large and wide base
309
papillary
small, nipple shaped projection. usually found in clusters
310
vesicle
sac, fluid filled, <1cm in diameter
311
bulla
circumscribed elevated lesion >1cm in diameter. contains fluid and looks like a blister
312
pustule
variously sized circumscribed elevations that contain pus
313
ulcer
loss of survace tissue due to a sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue
314
plaque
area with a flat surface and raised edges
315
petechia
little red spots on the skin or mucous membrane. size ranges from pinpoint to 7mm in diameter. Caused by the escape of a small amount of blood
316
ecchymosis
large reddish blue areas caused by escape of blood into the tissues. commonly known as a brouse and does not blanch on diascopy
317
telangiectasia
formation of capilaries near surface of a tissue. may be a sign of a hereditary disorder, etOH abuse, or malignancy
318
soft consistency
lesion composed of soft tissue
319
fluctuant
a wave like motion that is felt when a fluid-containing structure is palpated
320
rubbery
lesion resembles rubber; has elasticity
321
firm
fixed. closely compressed, compact lesion
322
indurated
an excessive hardening or firmness
323
erythematous color
red
324
fordyce granules
collections of ectopic sebaceous glands in mouth
325
Torus Palatinus
exophytic nodular growth of dense cortical bone located in the midline of the hard palate
326
Torus Mandibularis
exophytic nodular growth of dense cortical bone located in canine/premolar are of lingual mandible
327
Physiologic Melanin Pigmentation
normal finding of melanin containing cells in the gingival tissue of non-caucasians
328
Lingual varicosities
Prominint dilated lingual veins on VENTRAL and LATERAL surface of the TONGUE, asymptomatic, bilateral symmetry, no required treatment, commonly found in elderly pts.
329
Leukoedema
accumulation of fluid within the epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa presented as a grayish or white mucosal lesion
330
Hairy tongue
rare condition in chich filiform papillae become elongated resulting in white, yellow, brown, or black 'hairy' tongue
331
Radiographic Terminology
radiolucent, radioplaque, mixed
332
Radiographic shape
unilocular/multilocular
333
Location of radiographic change
pericoronal, periapical, interradicular, periodontal
334
unilocular
single rounded compartment or locule in a radiograph
335
Multilocular
multiple rounded compartments or locules. appear as soap bubbles or honeycomb
336
root resorption
breakdown or destruction of root structure
337
scalloping
fluted border
338
ground glass
fine radioplaque spots in radiolucent background
339
punched out radiolucency
small areas of RL's
340
Surgical Aspirating Tip
long tubes, very slender or tapered to small openings. Used to aspirate blood and debris from the surgical site and tonsil suction for sedated pts.
341
Surgical Currette
used to free debris from the tooth socket
342
Mallet/chisel
used to remove/shape bone and to split teeth
343
Currettes
used for currettage, debridemant of tooth socket and diseased tissue
344
rongours
a hinged instrument used to trim and shape tha alveolar bone after extractions
345
Extraction Forceps
used to remove teeth from the socket/alveolar bone. Different tyepes for each tooth/quadrant/arch. Univeral can ve used for either quadrand of an arch
346
Extraction Forceps
used to remove teeth from the socket/alveolar bone. Different types for each tooth/quadrant/arch. Universal can be used for either quadrant of an arch
347
forceps type
you can determine what arch forceps are for by looking at the curve of the shank and the number on the handle.
348
silk sutures
removed 5-7 days after placement
349
ry socket Prevention
patients asked to refrain from rinsing mough, smiking, spitting, or using straws
350
Dry socket/Alveolitis
failure of clot formation or loss of clot
351
Endosteal
placed in bone
352
crepitis
cracking sound associated with TMJ
353
Surgical/plastic stint
template for implants and surgery, guides dentist during surgery, placed over teeth
354
3rd molar extraction
irrigated with saline
355
Alveoplasty
the surgical shaping and smoothing of the margins of the tooth socket after extraction of the tooth, generally in preparation for the placement of a prothesis
356
Bone file
to remove or smooth rough edges of alveolar bone
357
Exfoliative biopsy
diagnostic procedure in which cells are scraped from a suspect of oral lesion for analysis
358
forceps
instrument used to grasp tissue or clamp vessel
359
impacted teeth
tooth that has not erupted
360
Implant
a prothesis placed permanenetly in tissue
361
Luxate
to dislocate, as a tooth from its socket
362
Osseointegration
attachment of healthy bone to a dental implant
363
Retractor
instrument used to hold back tissue
364
Scalpel
a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery
365
Stent
mold that is surgically placed to reinforce or hold open an area
366
Subperiosteal
implant placed over the bone and under the periosteum
367
Leukoplakia
white patches on the mucous membranes
368
Sarcoma
a malignant neoplasm of the connective tissue
369
Alveoloplasty
surgical repair of the alveolar bone
370
Dry Socket
osteitis following extraction
371
orthognathic surgery
surgery in which the jaws are moved into proper alignment
372
Pericoronitis
inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth
373
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
the joint where the mandible meets the maxilla
374
Trigeminal nerve
the 5th cranial nerve which supplies the face with sensation
375
Trigeminal neuralgia
breakdown of the trigeminal nerve
376
Benign
not cancerous
377
Biopsy
the excision of tissue to establish a diagnosis
378
Bruxism
the unconscious habit of grinding teeth
379
Carcinoma
a cancerous tumor
380
Chancre
an ulcer
381
Cleft palate
congenital cleft
382
Erosion
a loss of tooth structure
383
Flurosis
hypoplasia and discoloration of teeth
384
Geographic tongue
wandering inflammation of the tongue
385
Glossalgia
pain in the tongue
386
Glossitis
inflammation of the tongue
387
Harelip
a cleft palate
388
Herpes labialis
herpes simplex of the lip
389
Hutchinson's teeth
notched or pegged teeth
390
Hypoplasia
a defective development of any tissue
391
Oral pathology
specialty of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis of dental and oral diseases
392
Excisional biopsy
surgical excision of wedge shaped tissue for diagnosis
393
Frenectomy
surgical removal of the frenulum from its attachment
394
Incisional biopsy
surgical excision of wedge shaped tissue for diagnosis
395
Operculum
a hood of tissue over a partially erupted tooth
396
Osteotomy
partial removal of bone
397
Resorption
removal by absorption
398
Attrition
wearing away
399
Allogenic
belonging to the same species, but genetically different
400
Alloplastic
refers to synthetic material often used for tissue augmentation or replacement
401
Alveolar process
the part of the mandible or maxilla that forms the dental arch which contains the sockets for the teeth
402
Calvarial
pertaining to the superior portion of the cranium where the fontanels of the infant are situated
403
Condyle
rounded projection process at the epiphysis of a bone that articulates with another bone and serves as the point of attachment for ligaments
404
Coronal flap
an incisional technique that begins with the development of a skin flap, the incision extends from one temporal region to another and horizontally across the frontal bone
405
Craniosynostosis
premature closure of the cranial sutures of the infant
406
Dentition
the development of teeth, including their arrangement, type, and number
407
Glenoid fossa
the socket in which the head of the humerus articulates to form the shoulder joint
408
Gnath-
combining form meaning jaw
409
Labia
lips, a fleshy border
410
Malar bone
cheek bone
411
Malocclusion
abnormal alignment of the teeth of the upper jaw with those of the lower jaw
412
Maxillofacial
pertaining to the face and maxilla
413
Meniscus
a type of tissue made of cartilage that is fibrous, located in joints, spinal column, and bony pelvis. It serves to cushion and protect bone
414
Mouth prop
a self retaining retractor used to keep the mough opoen during oral or dental procedures
415
Orbicular
refers to something round
416
Osteotomy
incision to the bone
417
Ramus
smaller branch of a structure that extends from a large branch that divides into two parts- such as the rami of the pubis
418
Reduction
correction or placement of a body structure back into normal anatomical position
419
Sagittal
directional term that indicates a plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into right and left segments
420
Symphysis
a joint in which the two bony structures are joined by fibrocartilage
