dentistry #2 Nerve Blocks Flashcards
(20 cards)
why do we use dental nerve blocks
Preemptive analgesia
3 types of nerve blocks
splash
local
regional
how are splash blocks used
irrigating wound/open incision with prodcut
how are infiltration blocks used
Local anesthetic is injected in an area/planned incision line/periodontal ligament
Advantage + Disadvantage to regional block
Advantage: ability to block an entire quadrant
Disadvantage: transient loss of sensation & function, possible self-inflicted trauma (rare)
What is the most common technique for dental nerve blocks
Regional
What is the preferred drug for dental nerve block
bupivicaine
How long does bupivicaine last? What is the max dose for dogs & cats
4-8 hours
2mg/kg for dogs
1.5mg/kg for cats
How long does lidocaine last? What is the max dose for dogs & cats?
0.5-2 Hours
2mg/kg for Dogs
1.5mg/kg for Cats
What supplies are needle for nerve blocks
medication, syringe, needles
Explain the general technique for dental nerve blocks
Identify the site
Needle advanced slowly to the desired location
Aspirate
Inject slowly
Digital pressure used over the site after the needle is removed to encourage caudal diffusion and decrease hematoma formation
New needle each site
New needle & syringe if blood aspirated
What are 4 regional blocks we do in dogs & cats
infraorbital
Mental
Maxillary
Inferior Alveolar
What area(s) does the infraorbital block
blocks incisors canines+ first 3 premolars
What landmark are you palpating for with the infraorbital block
infraorbital foramen
What area(s) does the maxillary nerve block?
entire maxillary quadrant
What added step is needed with the maxillary block that is not necessary for the others
bend needles approx 1cm from the tip
What area(s) does the middle mental block? Is it reliable?
rostral aspect of mandible (canine + incisors )
Not reliable
What area(s) does the inferior alveolar block?
teeth, soft tissue, bone of mandible on side it was injected into
Explain the different approaches for alveolar block
Intraoral – caudal & ventral to the mandibular 3rd molar (dog) or 1st molar (cat)
Extraoral – feel for the notch dorsal the mandible & ventral to the condylar process or draw a line from the lateral canthus of the eye directly to the ventral mandible.
What are you palpating for extraorally for alveolar block?
notch dorsal the mandible
