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Dentition Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

What have brachyodont teeth?

A

Humans, carnivores, pigs

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2
Q

What have hypsodont teeth?

A

Horses, rodents, lagomorphs

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3
Q

Most mammals are diphyodont, what are the two sets of teeth this includes?

A

1st set- Deciduous

2nd set- permanent

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4
Q

When do deciduous teeth start to appear?

A

2-4 weeks of age

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5
Q

When are deciduous teeth completed?

A

8 weeks

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6
Q

Eruption of permanent incisors in dogs?

A

4-5 months

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7
Q

Eruption of permanent canine teeth in dogs?

A

5-6 months of age

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8
Q

Eruption of permanent premolar teeth in dogs?

A

4-5 months of age

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9
Q

Eruption of permanent molar teeth in dogs?

A

6-7 months of age

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10
Q

How many teeth do dogs and cats have?

A

Dogs - 42

Cats - 30

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11
Q

What is the dental formula for dogs?

A

2 ( I 3/3, C 1/1. PM 4/4, M 2/3)

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12
Q

What is the dental formula for cats?

A

2 ( I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 3/2, M 1/1 )

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13
Q

In the Triadan system of naming teeth, the 100 series are where?

A

Maxillary right quadrant

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14
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 200 series teeth found?

A

Maxillary left quadrant

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15
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 300 series teeth found?

A

Mandibular in left quadrant

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16
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 400 series teeth found?

A

Mandibular right quadrant

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17
Q

What permanent teeth have 1 root?

A

Incisors, canine, premolar 1

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18
Q

What permanent teeth have 2 roots?

A

Premolar 2&3

Premolar 4

Molar 1, 2, 3

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19
Q

What is the largest tooth?

A

Carnassial teeth

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20
Q

What specific teeth are the carnassial teeth?

A

Fourth upper premolar and First lower premolar

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21
Q

Describe normal occlusion

A

Upper incisors close just in front of lower incisors

Upper fourth premolar should come to the outside of the first lower molar.

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22
Q

Asymmetrical Skeletal Maloclussion, AKA Wry mouth, is indicated when?

A

Elongation of half of the head

Jaw is under or over shot

Only effects one side or the other

Can be genetic or from trauma

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23
Q

Extra permanent teeth are also known as what?

A

Supernumerary teeth

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24
Q

Term for missing teeth

A

Adontia

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25
Term for teeth that do not line up
Malocclusions
26
Term for when the upper jaw is longer than the lower jaw; overshot
Brachygnathism
27
Term for when the mandible is longer than the maxilla; under bite
Prognathism
28
Term for the portion above the gum line covered by enamel
crown
29
The hardest substance in the body
Enamel
30
Soft tissues of the tooth
Pulp
31
Substance of the tooth that is sensitive to heat/cold
Dentin
32
Branching or fork like part of the tooth
Furcation
33
Portion of the tooth that is attached to alveolar bone by the periodontal ligament
Cementum
34
Most terminal portion of the root
Apex
35
Periodontium, the tissues that surround the teeth consists of what?
Gingiva and periodontal ligament
36
Functions to hold the tooth in the socket; shock absorber
Periodontal ligament
37
A dense bone which surrounds roots within 1-2 mm of the cementoenamel junction
Alveolar bone (tooth socket)
38
Calcified tissue covering the tooth root, provides attachment for periodontal ligament fibers to the tooth
Cementum
39
Space created when the gingival margin is reflected away from the tooth surface
Gingival sulcus
40
Normal gingival sulcus for healthy dogs
1-3 mm
41
Normal gingival sulcus for healthy cats
0.5-1 mm
42
Meaning, in the direction of the tip of the root
Apical
43
Meaning in the direction of the tip of the crown
Coronal
44
Prominence on the occlusal surface of the tooth
Cusp
45
Surface tooth that faces opposite jaw
Occlusal
46
Facing toward the midline
Mesial
47
Inflammation of structures around teeth
Periodontitis/Periodontal disease
48
Initiating factor of Periodontal disease
Bacterial plaque
49
Caused by apical migration and destruction of the epithelial attachment
Periodontal pockets (Sulcus \>4mm)
50
What are the signs of grade 1, or initial stage, of periodontal disease?
Reversible gingivitis Gingiva inflamed or bleeds easily Minimal plaque and calculus accumulation
51
Treatment for Grade 1 Periodontal disease?
Dental prophy Home care Excellent prognosis
52
What are the signs of early lesion, Grade 2 periodontal disease?
Moderate gingivitis Increased gingival inflammation, causes rounded gingival margin Greater amounts of plaque and calculus
53
Treatment for Grade 2 Periodontal disease?
Mechanical scaling Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment Home care/good prognosis
54
What are the signs of Grade 3, Established lesion?
Severe gingivitis with bleeding on probing Acute inflammation Red/purple rounded gingival margins Early peridontal pocket formation Moderate accumulation of plaque and calculus
55
Treatment for Grade 3 Periodontal Disease
Supra and Sub gingival scaling Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment Subgingival culturette Extractions Guarded prognosis
56
What are the signs of Grade IV, advanced periodontal disease
Severe inflammation Bone loss evident on radiographs Deep pocket formations Receding gums
57
Treatment for Grade IV Periodontal disease?
Supra and subgingival scaling Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment Subgingival culturette Extractions Guarded-long term prognosis
58
What is the prognosis of gingivitis vs periodontal disease?
Gingivitis is reversible, periodontal disease can only be slowed down
59
How is tooth mobility rated?
Grade I - slight movement Grade II - Moderate tooth movement of 1 mm Grade III - Marked tooth movement more than 1 mm
60
What are three benefits of fluoride treatment?
Antibacterial agent Desensitize Strengthens tooth
61
A benign growth thought to arise from periodontal ligament, appears on gingiva
Epulis
62
Second most common tumor; red and irregular lesions
Squamous cell carcinoma
63
Purple or reddish teeth indicate what?
Pulpitis, active inflammation due to injury or trauma
64
Gray discoloration indicates what?
Advanced pulpal necrosis, evaluate for endodonic treatment
65
Bright yellow discoloration indicates what?
Tetracycline treatment
66
What breed is most effected by gingival hyperplasia?
Boxers
67
Nontumorous lesion of the soft tissue
Gingival hyperplasia
68
Inflammation of the soft tissue of the oral cavity
Stomatitis
69
Signs of gingival hyperplasia
Thickening and proliferation of the gingiva as a result of chronic inflammation
70
What are some causes of stomatitis?
Foreign bodies, chemical or electrical burns, immune-related causes
71
Chemical agents used for the prevention and removal of plaque
Dentrifices
72
Used for treatment of periodontal disease with pockets
Doxycycline/Doxirobe Gel
73
The study and treatment of inside the tooth
Endodontics
74
What does the pulp consist of?
Nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, connective tissue
75
What is the most important part for the development of teeth in young animals?
Dental pulp
76
Treatment options for endodontic disease?
Age of animal Duration of disease Anatomy of tooth
77
Most common causes for endodontal disease?
Pulp exposures from fractured teeth, dental abrasions, attrition
78
Calibrated in mm to measure defects below gum line (gingival sulcus depth)
Probe
79
Has a curved end and is used to detect defects above or below the gum line
Explorer
80
Used supragingivally to remove calculus, thin and triangular with 2 cutting edges
Scaler
81
Short blade used supra and subgingivally to remove tartar
"Hoe/Tartar scraper"
82
Thin spoon shaped instrument used for deep scraping, supra and subgingivally to remove calculus
Curette
83
Loosens teeth by rupturing the periodontal ligament
Dental elevator
84
Used for the elevation of the gingiva and mucosa for access to the alveolar bone during tooth extraction, periodontal therapy and oral surgery
Periosteal elevator
85
Fine grade stone to maintain smoother cutting edges, removes less metal
Arkansas stone

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