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AY13 Sociology - Global Development > Dependency THEORY > Flashcards

Dependency THEORY Flashcards

1
Q

BURGERNOMICS

Who introduced burgernomics?

A

Pakko and Pollard (2003)

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2
Q

BURGERNOMICS

How long would it take McDonald’s workers in the UK and USA to buy a Big Mac?

A

UK - 11 minutes

US - 15 minutes

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3
Q

BURGERNOMICS

How long would it take McDonald’s workers in Mexico and the Philippines to buy a Big Mac?

A

Mexico - 65 minutes

Philippines - 112 minutes

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4
Q

BURGERNOMICS

What is the aim behind burgernomics Pakko and Pollard (2003)?

A

To show a difference between development in economy & society.

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5
Q

What is dependency theory a response to?

A

Modernisation theory

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6
Q

When did dependency theory emerge?

A

1970s

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7
Q

What is dependency theory influenced by?

4

A

Socialist ideology, protest movements, Marxist ideology and radical theories.

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8
Q

From what perspective does dependency theory take?

A

Developing countries, where modernisation is about capitalist interests.

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9
Q

What term did Frank (1969) introduce to this theory?

A

Underdevelopment

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10
Q

Frank’s Underdevelopment (1969)

What does Frank say modernisation encourages?

A

Exploitation

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11
Q

Frank’s Underdevelopment (1969)

What is in the interest of capitalism?

A

Keeping countries poor - underdevelopment is intentional.

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12
Q

Frank’s Underdevelopment (1969)

What does Frank say has happened to the problems outlined by Marxism?
2

A

It’s now happening on a global scale.

Instead of rich people, rich northern countries are leaving others to suffer, exploiting the poor.

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13
Q

Frank’s Underdevelopment (1969)

How did Frank say underdevelopment happened?

A

Capitalist countries build facilities in poor countries, paying people very little and profitting.

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14
Q

What is outsource?

A

Sending your labour abroad to make it cheaper.

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15
Q

How do the workers being exploited pay for food/clothes etc?

A

By buying them off of the companies that exploit them.

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16
Q

What is the traditional explanation as to why countries aren’t developing?

What is the dependency explanation as to why countries aren’t developing?

A

Corrupt government and bad economic policies.

Capitalist countries have adopted an exploitative way of making money.

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17
Q

What are the different states that each form a function in the world economy?
(4)

A

Centre centre CC = the richest countries

Periphery centre PC = industrialised, rich countries with less global power

Centre of periphery CP = still developing but with some wealth

Periphery periphery PP = the poorest countries

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18
Q

Give examples of countries from each of the different world economy states.

A

CC = USA

PC = Canada

CP = Brazil

PP = Bangladesh

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19
Q

International Division of Labour

What countries dominate tech and industry?

A

CC countries

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20
Q

International Division of Labour

What are countries in the periphery characterised by?

A

Agriculture & cheap labour

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21
Q

International Division of Labour

What does the difference between the CC countries & PP countries result in?

A

PP countries serving the economic interests of CC countries.

22
Q

International Division of Labour

What do CC countries dominate?

A

Tech and industry

23
Q

International Division of Labour

What countries are characterised by agriculture and cheap labour?

A

PP countries

24
Q

The Class Distinction

What do rich people do to benefit themselves?

A

Cooperate with eachother to ensure they stay in power and increase their own wealth, maintaining the system.

25
The Wider Global System What exists within the wider global system?
All of the structures of society
26
The Wider Global System What is the wider global system of society characterised by?
Capitalism
27
The Wider Global System In the wider global system, what dominates? Who does this serve?
Liberal economic policies in trade, finance etc. The interests of centre countries.
28
The Wider Global System What do banks and education etc serve as?
Instruments for the wealthy.
29
The Wider Global System What must poor countries do if they want something?
Borrow from the rich
30
A Capitalist Empire Dependency theory believes that capitalism encourages underdevelopment deliberately. What does this create?
A marxist superstructure on a global scale.
31
A Capitalist Empire Who acts as the bourgeoisie? Who acts as the prolateriat?
Bourgeoisie = rich, capitalist countries Prolateriat = poor, non-capitalist countries
32
A Capitalist Empire What did the old empires practice?
Colonialism
33
A Capitalist Empire What does the new capitalist empire practice?
Neo-colonialism - taking charge of countries with investment or aid & exploiting the population & natural resources. Instead of using army, they use money.
34
Explain how a capitalist hierarchy might look.
USA (CC, high mass consumption) Canada (CP, high mass consumption) Brazil (PC, take off) Combodia (PP, traditional stage)
35
Metropolis vs Satellite What does Rostow's model show that countries can do?
'Climb the ladder' of development.
36
Metropolis vs Satellite What do rich countries do to poor countries?
Keep them poor
37
Metropolis vs Satellite What is talent encouraged to do in economically 'small' countries in the modern world? What do development theorists say about this?
Leave for the rich countries. It strips poor countries of value and keep sthem dependent. This has been referred to as the metropolis and satellite chain.
38
What are the 3 stages of capitalism?
Mercantile Capitalism Colonialism Neo-colonialism
39
``` What is (stage 1) mercantile capitalism? (2) ```
The 1st form of capitalism & dependency - a country depends on another for trade.
40
``` What is (stage 2) colonialism (capitalism)? (2) ```
EU countries exploited & took direct political control of lands instead of trading. Created a lasting legacy of inequality & economic changes that benefitted colonial powers.
41
What is (stage 3) neo-colonialism (capitalism)?
Many countries ‘colonise’ in a modern way which involves putting companies into countries and using talent removal and cheap labour.
42
What are the 4 ways in which underdeveloped countries usually start developing?
Development without 1st world help. Isolate & become self-reliant. Wait until metropolitan power weakens, then break away without agreement. Dependent development.
43
Traditional Marxism and Development When traditional marxists later examined dependency theory, what did they find that Marx actually viewed capitalism?
He supported capitalism as an efficient route to development & it's not the final goal. Believed it was essential before socialism - countries should get rich then share wealth to improve the life of citizens.
44
Traditional Marxism and Development After traditional marxists examined dependency theory, W_____ (19__) noted _________ in ________ third world countries as ______ that capitalism would perform this ______ without negative ________ on the _____.
a) Warren (1980) b) development c) non-capitalist d) evidence e) purpose f) dependency g) West
45
Traditional Marxism and Development What are the 6 stages of development?
1. primitive communism 2. imperialism 3. feudalism 4. capitalism 5. socialism 6. communism
46
Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 1 (primitive communism) of development = ___________ - everyone worked _______ in order to ______. No ___________ or _________.
a) hunter gathering b) together c) survive d) private property e) class groups
47
Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 2 (imperialism) of development = the ______ _____ ruled, he would grant _____ to others in return for _______ services. A new _________ ________ has been created.
a) strong man b) land c) military d) land-owning aristocracy
48
Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 3 (feudalism) of development = _____ was owned by the ________ who _______ the _______ working on it. The ______ sold _____ ______.
a) land b) aristocracy c) exploited d) peasants e) aristocracy f) surplus food
49
Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 4 (capitalism) of development: Wealthy ______ and _________ obtained ______ powers and _______ the ______. As the ______ became __________ they would ______ and _______ the _________ government.
a) merchants b) factory owners c) political d) exploited e) workers f) proletariat g) politically aware h) rise up i) overthrow j) bourgeoisie
50
Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 5 (socialism) of development: There would be a _________ as workers' ________ re-distributed _____/______/______ fairly according to _____, and ______ are shared by ___. The _________ would come to _______ that ______ was superior to ___________.
a) dictatorship b) organisations c) foods/goods/services f) needs g) profits h) all i) middle-classes j) understand k) equality l) private ownership
51
``` Traditional Marxism and Development Stage 6 (communism) of development: _______ would ____ together for the __________. ______ and ______ would no longer be _______ as ______ would be _______. As all _______ reach this stage, the _____ would become _______ and ________ and ____ would ______. ```
a) everyone b) join c) common good d) money e) society f) needed g) society h) classless i) countries j) world k) stateless l) competition m) wars n) cease

AY13 Sociology - Global Development (28 decks)

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