Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder Flashcards

Question

If the patient’s symptoms seem expected given his circumstances and likely to resolve on their own, how should you tx

Answer 1

- oftentimes you can educate him about them “negotiate a plan” for next steps * *F/U is key!!! *best option for those w/ little or no mental health issues in their hx

Answer 2

- baby blues - grief/loss - major life changes (even if good)

Answer 3

- If patient’s mood or cognitive symptoms make it hard to participate (Ie. confused or delusional) - If sx resolve completely with medication or other treatments

Answer 4

exercise sleep diet alternative therapies

Answer 5

- ideal by itself if sx are mild to moderate and largely due to situation (ex: divorce) AND PMH not significant - w/ meds if sx are severe, and patient has significant current/past stressors and significant PMH

Answer 6

- can be used short term for acute situations (sleep meds for grief) - use different meds for more severe depressions - pt education/choice is VERY important

Answer 7

1. emotional aspects 2. physical ailments ( GI complaints or migraines) 3. anxiety *more serotonin receptors in GI tract than brain

Answer 8

lack of interests

Answer 9

1. flat aspects of depression (stunted mood/energy/"blah") | 2. chronic pain

Answer 10

1. anhedonia (w/o hyperemotional features) 2. low energy 3. low motivation 4. possibly addictive behaviors (porn, gambling, shopping) *similar to NE

Answer 11

reuptake inhibitors - don't increase amount of NT but block the reuptake so more gets taken up by the other neuron * use the NTs you have more effectively

Answer 12

Highest to lowest | Paxil, Celexa, Lexapro, Zoloft, Prozac

Answer 13

1. MOST activating souse in pts who are fatigued w/ other SSRIs-be careful w/ anxiety 2. LONGEST half-life so takes the longest to start working and longest to get out of system as well

Answer 14

1. start w/ 10mg WITH FOOD in AM 2. increase by 10mg every 1-2 weeks 3. Final dose (20-80mg) *To stop: taper by 10mg per week

Answer 15

1. start w/ 25mg 2. increase by 25mg a week up to 100mg 3. final dose: 100-200mg (25-300mg) *to stop: taper by 25-50mg every 2-3 weeks (slow is always best)

Answer 16

- slightly more likely to cause cause GI upset* | - nice dosing flexibility as tablets come in low dose and are easy to split

Answer 17

- Good alternative to zoloft and lexapro - very INEXPENSIVE - max dose is 40mg due to possible QT prolongation

Answer 18

am or pm WITH FOOD

Answer 19

- stereoisomer of Celexa so dosing is HALF celexa - tends to have FEWEST side effects (Biggest is sedation) - good flexibility w/ dosing although pills are hard to split

Answer 20

- Celexa (citalopram) - Lexapro (escitalopram) - Prozac (fluoxetine) - Paxil (paroxetine)

Answer 21

- most sedation, weigh gain, sexual side effects | - STRONG association w/ Discontinuation Syndrome

Answer 22

GI: nausea/constipation/diarrhea Sedation HA/dizziness Dry mouth * most SE go away * SE for most psych meds (except Wellbutrin- no sedation)

Answer 23

1. sexual- lower libido, decreased ability to have an orgasm 2. Cognitive- feeling spacey, loss of words/focus 3. Feeling Flat- dull, unemotional, failure to react appropriately to an emotional event

Answer 24

1. adding Wellbutrin may help (if you can get by with lowering SSRI dose as well) 2. ED meds *work w/ patient based on level of tolerability

Answer 25

1. Wellbutrin may help | 2. educate patient

Answer 26

1. Downregulation of NE- DA a possibility so adding Wellbutrin may help 2. lower SSRI 3. Therapy

Answer 27

1. Sensory sx (electrical shock, numbness) 2. Disequilibrium (LH, dizzy, vertigo) 3. General Somatic Sx (lethargy, HA, tremor, sweating, anorexia) 4. Affective sx (irritability, anxiety, tearfulness) 5. GI (N/V, diarrhea) 6. Sleep disturbance (nightmares, insomnia, excessive dreaming)

Answer 28

Addiction: - development of tolerance (need to increase dose) - associated w/ feeling high or "altered mental state" - person still has cravings after W/D period Discontinuation: - No tolerance - used to feel "normal" - After D/C syndrome resolves, NO cravings

Answer 29

- Effexor XR (venlafaxine) - Pristiq (desvenlafaxine) - Cymbalta (duloxetine) - Remeron (mirtazapine)

Answer 30

- low doses have more SE effects. More NE as dose increases - high risk of D/C syndrome- may need to use SSRI tablet w/ pts experiencing trouble - good 2nd option if pt fails SSRIs or needs help w/ energy/concentration/pain *not sedative!

Answer 31

AM with food (not sedative) *taper up and dwon

Answer 32

- active metabolite of Effexor (less d-d interactions bc not metabolized in liver) - well-tolerated given high starting dose - $$ than Effexor - not a lot of dosing flexibility - can have D/C syndrome

Answer 33

pristiq (desvenlafaxine)

Answer 34

Cymbalta (duloxetine) *SNRI

Answer 35

- worth trying in pts struggling with pain along w/ depression - may need to add an SSRI to help if it is is helping w/ pain component - biggest SE is being TOO activating or increasing anxiety - nausea is common

Answer 36

- no sexual or GI side effects but strong association w/ sedation and weight gain * fantastic for pts who can't eat/sleep

Answer 37

-in PM bc its sedative

Answer 38

SNRI | -stimulates certain SE receptors like SSRI's but blocks other that cause SE's

Answer 39

- higher incidence of SE (nausea, insomina, HA) - too much NE is similar to having too much caffeine (HR, sweatiness, teeth clenching, dry mouth, dizzy) - increase BP

Answer 40

NDRI *only AD that boost NE and DA

Answer 41

- most activating so take in AM - can be too activating (crawling out of skin) - not great for anxiety - NO sexual or weight gain SE (bc no serotonin)

Answer 42

- Seizure disorder | - Bulimia (risk for seizures bc their electrolytes are already off)

Answer 43

1. beware of bipolar disorder | 2. pt should stay on meds for minimum of 6 months after remission to avoid relapse

Answer 44

- take at end of meal | - move to PM

Answer 45

- switch to SNRI | - more to PM

Answer 46

- if on Paxil, switch to different SSRI or to SNRI | - add wellbutrin

Answer 47

- lower dose - add Wellbutrin - change to SNRI - augment w/ ED tx

Answer 48

-any pt discontinuing an AD that boost serotonin (Biggest offenders are Paxil and Effexor- but all have potential)

Answer 49

-use low dose Celexa, Zoloft or Lexapro to wean them off more slowly

Answer 50

- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) - Panic disorder - Agoraphobia - Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) - Specific phobia

Answer 51

-Normal human emotion related to apprehension about a potentially harmful event – affects cognition, physicality and behavior

Answer 52

- can be beneficial in keeping person out of harm | - Can increase attention and improve performance

Answer 53

1. intensity out of proportion to the threat 2. persists once threat is gone 3. becomes generalized to multiple situations 4. having a negative effect on the person’s life and functioning

Answer 54

1. Excessive anxiety and worry for 6+ months about a VAIRETY of issues 2. Worry is difficult to control 3. 3 of 6 key symptoms- - restless/keyed up - easily fatigued - difficulty concentrating or “going blank” - irritability - muscle tension - sleep disturbance 4. Cause impairment 5. Not attributable to other cause/disorder

Answer 55

Depression - Should be part of depression evaluation - 50% of those with GAD will convert to major depression (their etiology is strongly linked)

Answer 56

- Constant worry – if yes, about what? - “What if’s…” or catastrophizing - Trouble sleeping because worrying - Physical tenseness, GI symptoms, headaches etc. - Troubles concentrating, reading, thinking clearly

Answer 57

1. therapy if possible 2. serotonin agens (SSRI, SNRI)- explain to patients that depression and anxiety are linked and these meds treat both 3. Judicious use of benzodiazepines ("-pams") 4. Buspar (buspirone)

Answer 58

- They act by enhancing the effects of GABA (a substance that slows neuronal transmission and is therefore calming) - used to tx anxiety, seizures and muscle relaxants

Answer 59

- Can be very effective in treating anxiety, agitation, insomnia, racing thoughts - Work immediately (no need to wait for SSRI to kick in) - Can be used prn (unlike SSRI’s)

Answer 60

1. . Side effects: sedation, decreased reflexes 2. Significant interaction with alcohol (more than additive) 3. Possible development of tolerance then addiction 4. Increased risk of falls, cognitive decline in elderly

Answer 61

klonopin (clonazepam) ativan (lorazepam) -Start with 0.5 mg, max is 2 mg total a day

Answer 62

- Longest half-life so used to cover long period of time (often qd, bid or qhs for sleep) - Start with 0.5 mg (or even half that), max dose for me is 2mg total a day

Answer 63

- Short half-life so good for situational anxiety and for shorter periods of time (panic attacks, flying etc.) - Start with 0.5 mg, max is 2 mg total a day

Answer 64

- Possibility for tolerance/addiction (less likely with lower doses and prn use) - MUST avoid alcohol while benzo in system (compounding effect) - Caution when first using due to sedation – tell pts to try at home - Rarely used as monotherapy (exception: flying or very specific situations) - Avoid Xanax (alprazolam) if possible due to higher risk for addiction *Education of patient is important to understand safety – some patients are afraid to take and others may start increasing usage

Answer 65

- tx GAD - Posited to increase serotonin (by different action than SSRI’s) - Often used as augmentation for SSRI’s or try if other meds not helpful *No addictive properties

Answer 66

start w/ low dose and increase as tolerated to max 60/day

Answer 67

abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes, and during which time four+ symptoms occur: - palpitations, increased HR - sensation of SOB or smothering - sweating - CP, LH, nausea - shaking - fear of dying/losing control/going crazy - paresthesia

Answer 68

- palpitations, increased HR - sensation of SOB or smothering - sweating - CP, LH, nausea

Answer 69

1. panic attacks w/ 4+ sx occur 2. At least 1 month or more of one or both - Worry about having another panic attack - Maladaptive behaviors related to avoiding an attack or its consequences 2. no trigger-- often w/ underlying anxiety or depression

Answer 70

1. SSRI’s 2. Benzos prn (at first sign of impending attack or, if there are triggers, before the trigger) – best is Ativan 0.5-1 mg 3. Rule out other medical conditions (frequently diagnosed in ER for first time) 4. Therapy (cognitive behavioral, biofeedback, mindfulness) can help with triggers, relaxation techniques, biofeedback

Answer 71

A. Marked fear or anxiety for 6+ months (out of proportion to any threat) about 2+: 1. Using public transportation 2. Being in open spaces (parking lots etc.) 3. Being in enclosed places (theaters etc.) 4. Being in a crowd/standing in line B-I: The patient worries about these situations, avoids these situations and (if forced) is extremely fearful and anxious in them. Often, patients avoid leaving their homes.

Answer 72

agoraphobia

Answer 73

1. SSRI’s 2. Benzos or beta blockers prn (especially prior to stressful exposure 3. Therapy

Answer 74

- Fear about social situations in which person is exposed to possible scrutiny (public speaking is most common example) - Fear of being embarrassed, humiliated or rejected - Either avoids situations or endures with intense anxiety - 6+ months - Out of proportion to the circumstances

Answer 75

1. Therapy: relaxation techniques 2. Prn Benzodiazepines 3. Prn beta-blockers

Answer 76

- BP meds that block the actions of epinephrine on the heart (decreased sympathetic activity) - 20-40 mg of inderal (propranolol) about an hour before event (can take more frequently) - Watch for dizziness, hypotensive symptoms - Plus is no addiction potential!

Answer 77

- Gain their energy from being alone (become drained from group situations) – need time to recharge - Form a few deep attachments - Dislike small talk, cocktail parties - Think carefully before speaking - Get agitated and irritated without enough time alone or undisturbed

Answer 78

- Persistent, irrational, exaggerated and pathological fear of a specific situation or stimulus that results in conscious avoidance of the dreaded circumstances - Active avoidance of trigger or high anxiety related to it

Answer 79

phobia | examples: animals, blood, needles, heights

Answer 80

- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder * - Body Dysmorphic Disorder * - Hoarding Disorder - Trichotillomania - Excoriation Disorder *Also have due to substance abuse, medical disorder, other

Answer 81

Obsessions: - Recurrent, intrusive thoughts, urges or images that cause marked anxiety or distress - The person attempts to ignore them or lesson them (often by compulsions) Compulsions: - Repetitive behaviors that the person feels driven to perform - Behaviors are aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing a dreaded situation

Answer 82

checking, germs, intrusive worries/thoughts * Typically the patients knows that what they’re doing seems “crazy” and doesn’t make any sense, but they can’t stop. * The compulsions may lessen anxiety for a short period of time, but the obsession continues which leads to more compulsions – a vicious cycle. Can completely consume a person’s life

Answer 83

1. Exposure therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy etc. 2. SSRI’s (often need much higher doses) 3. Atypical antipsychotics 4. Be careful with benzos due to risk of overuse

Answer 84

Preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance * Often feel deformed by imagined or tiny flaw * Most common are skin, hair, nose

Answer 85

- Performs repetitive behaviors (mirror checking, reassurance seeking etc.) or mental acts (comparing self to others) in response to appearance concerns - Patients often believe people are looking at them and laughing - Compulsions common (applying makeup, checking mirrors, reassurance seeking)

Answer 86

80% *NO improvement seen in anxiety

Answer 87

HIGH rate of suicidality *Unlike OCD, insight is very poor (they are convinced of reality of defect)

Answer 88

1. Education about diagnosis (often a relief). Avoid reassurances and focus on improving quality of life 2. Therapy - CBT designed for BDD 3. SSRI’s 4. Augmentation with atypical anti-psychotics 5. Buspar may be worth trying as augmentation to SSRI

Answer 89

- Persistent difficulty parting with items regardless of value - Perceived need to save items - Distress when thinking of getting rid of items - Cluttered, blocked living spaces - New addition to DSM

Answer 90

similar to OCD 1. Exposure therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy etc. 2. SSRI’s (often need much higher doses) 3. Atypical antipsychotics 4. Be careful with benzos due to risk of overuse

Answer 91

- Recurrent hair pulling - Recurrent attempts to stop - Often starts with eyelashes, brows - Can be associated with eating hair

Answer 92

similar to OCD 1. Exposure therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy etc. 2. SSRI’s (often need much higher doses) 3. Atypical antipsychotics 4. Be careful with benzos due to risk of overuse

Answer 93

- recurrent skin picking - recurrent attempts to stop *new to DSM5

Answer 94

- Incidence: about 3% (hard to determine because it occurs on a spectrum) - Equal in gender and race - Onset typically in late teens/early twenties (characteristic age of onset)

Answer 95

1. Commonly first onset of episode, will go off to college and then will onset due to stress 2. teens-early twenties 3. Strong genetic component- concordance in monozygotic twins is 65-80% - Biggest factor is family history (someone in family history with manic depressive disorder or bipolar) - you will hear some sort of history that supports maybe a family history of bipolar disorder

Answer 96

* *Key thing is to look for it 1. Anger or depression is the most common presentation 2. hx of depression? (txing but not getting better?) 3. periods of depression + episodes of mania or hypomania (more common)

Answer 97

after 1 episode (and no depression)

Answer 98

1. Have you ever had a time where you didn’t need to sleep and didn’t miss it? 2. Have you ever had time where you felt really good (“too good”)? 3. Do you ever have times where you have extreme irritability or anger? - If patients answer no to these questions, treat for depression - If patients answer yes to ANY of these questions, can dive further into other symptoms (ASK ABOUT FAMILY HISTORY)

Answer 99

hypomania (DIGFAST) Distractibility- racing thoughts Indiscretion/impulse- spending lots of money, sex, high risk activities Grandiosity- inflated self-esteem Flight of ideas- topic jumping Fun- Sleep-decreased need or ability to talkativeness-pressure speech (loud, fast) Irritability- road rage, physically fight

Answer 100

1. ADHD 2. high rates of comorbidity 3. substance abuse 4. anxiety 5. depression

Answer 101

- look for the up and down of the bipolar - If you treat for ADHD when they truly have BPD, their mania will get worse - If they have both, treat mood disorder first (BPD) then ADHD

Answer 102

Mania-- more severe 1. also DIGFAST but more severe (ex. severe flight of ideas) 2. Other psychotic features - Hallucinations: sensations that seem real, but are not (auditory most common) - Delusions: false beliefs (ex. Person believes government has listening devices implanted in his dental fillings) 3. Thinking and speech may become disorganized *often require hospitalization bc they are not functioning (not suicidal)

Answer 103

-Sensations that seem real, but are not (auditory most common) - Anything with the senses (most common is hearing voices, patient is actually hearing the voice like if someone were talking to them) - Can be seeing things that aren’t there - Can have sensation of smell - Can have sensation of touch

Answer 104

-false beliefs (ex. Person believes government has listening devices implanted in his dental fillings) - Ex. Person on TV directly talking to me - Ex. Someone is reading my thoughts

Answer 105

1. Rapid cycling: distinct periods of mania/depression occurring at least 4 times a year 2. Mixed features: a “confusing mixture of mood, thought and behavioral symptoms that appear to be out of synch with one another”

Answer 106

tx for depression (w/ SSRI) and warn about hypomania sx

Answer 107

1. mood stabilizer ex. lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, carbamazepine, Atypical antipsychotics 2. Refer

Answer 108

1. Adequate sleep is essential in treating BPD and preventing relapse 2. Regular routine (sleep, meals, exercise) etc. are important. -Often patients with BPD are very sensitive to changes in routine 3. Extremely rare to use only 1 medication to treat BPD 4. Typical 1-2 mood stabilizers, possibly an antidepressant, benzo and/or sleep medication 5. Ideally, change 1 medication at a time to see the effect (doesn’t include sleep medication) 6. Involving family members can be helpful to get a sense of the patient’s behavior, mood swings, etc.

Answer 109

- Typical 1-2 mood stabilizers, possibly an antidepressant, benzo and/or sleep medication - Medications are limited in what they can do, so will use multiple drugs to get better results and cover more of the symptoms * Pretty typical to see patient with BPD on like 5 medications - Ideally, change 1 medication at a time to see the effect (doesn’t include sleep medication)

Answer 110

Disruption in sleep can cause manic episode, so having enough sleep is very important (ex. Flying/traveling, black Friday)

Answer 111

- 300mg every PM w/ FOOD | - increase 300mg every week up to 900mg a day

Answer 112

250mg every PM - increase by 250mg up to weight x 10, usual dose 250-1000mg) * won't work at higher doses if it doesn't work at 1000mg

Answer 113

1. side effects: nausea, increased thirst, mild tremor 2. Can effect thyroid, kidneys (so monitoring needed every 6-12 months or if symptoms occur) 3. Caution in patients with renal disease 4. Caution if patient is taking diuretics, NSAIDs, or anything that increases risk of dehydration (illness, physical activity, spending time in the sun, etc) 5. narrow TI-- requires blood monitoring in doses

Answer 114

1. neuroprotective 2. protective against suicide in BP patients 3. CHEAP

Answer 115

1. traditionally used in higher doses= more SE | 2. its been around for a while and used to tx everything (schizophrenia and dementia)

Answer 116

1. Increased depression, PCOS, hair loss, weight gain 2. preg. Category X so not a first choice in young women, would need to be on BC medication) 3. Use in caution with hepatic disease –monitor LFT’s annually or if symptoms occur)

Answer 117

- seizures (anti-convulsant) | - migraine prophylaxis

Answer 118

1. Slight increase in aplastic anemia 2. Slight risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome *MUCH higher in Asians so genetic screen needed before treatment) 3. Numerous drug-drug interactions 4. CAN’T BE USED IN PREGNANCY

Answer 119

- Need to follow strict rules in prescribing and follow-up due to risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (approx. 1 in 1000) - can be very effective med

Answer 120

depression in BPD primarily *would not work for someone who is manic

Answer 121

1. Can occur with ANY medication 2. First sign is often rash or blisters involving mucous membranes 3. May also have systemic symptoms like fever, swollen lymph nodes 4. Can develop into severe skin reaction which requires hospitalization and treatment in burn unit *often seen w/ lamotigine/lamictal

Answer 122

1. About 10% of people get a faint red rash with Lamictal. That is okay and tends to go away. Don’t increase dose until it’s gone. 2. Any progressive rash, involvement of mucous membranes or systemic symptoms, stop medication and seek treatment immediately

Answer 123

1. no weight gain or sexual SE 2. occasional HA 3. GI upset 4. stevens johnson syndrome

Answer 124

1. schzophrenia (high doses) 2. BPD (medium doses) 3. depression, anxiety, OCD (low doses) * Can be very effective for mood and anxiety disorders, so don’t be afraid to use, but try AD’s first * Act on numerous receptors in brain, which have effects on all 3 main NTs, GABA, histamine, etc.

Answer 125

most: Zyprexa least: Abilify

Answer 126

1. All can potentially cause metabolic issues (weight, glucose, cholesterol) 2. akathisia (inner restlessness, need to move)--esp. Abilify 3. slight risk of tardive dyskinesia (involuntary, repetitive movements, often of mouth, jaw, etc) 4. RARE Others: parkinsonism, dystonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (flu-like presentation)

Answer 127

1. very fast and effective with mania depression, anxiety, insomnia 2. excellent for acute tx but not feasible long term w/ most patients

Answer 128

sedation | metabolic (weight gain)

Answer 129

1. Often works well for depression, BPD etc. | 2. Fewer metabolic side effects so can be good for long term use

Answer 130

-SE: akathisia; can be too “activating” or increase anxiety; can take time to titrate to effective dose

Answer 131

- 1% of population - M=F, but males have eariler onset - partial genetic component - associated w/ advance PATERNAL age

Answer 132

1. genetics 2. advanced paternal age 3. birth Dec.-May (in N. hemisphere)---possible viral link 4. possible stress trigger (w/ genetic component) 5. Often begins in late adolescent/early adulthood; may have “prodromal syndrome” which begins earlier (childhood schizo is rare) 6. "dopamine hypothesis"-- either too much or too little in parts of brain

Answer 133

1. positive- hallucinations and delusions 2. negative- blunting 3. disorganized

Answer 134

1. Most common are auditory (voices, sounds, things) 2. Hallucinations can be good or bad 3. Visual, tactile, olfactory, gustatory are often indicative of medical issues or substance-related psychosis 4. If tactile or olfactory, want to look too see if there is an underlying cause

Answer 135

1. False ideas based on incorrect perceptions of reality; not culturally accepted 2. Common types are reference, persecution, grandeur, mind-reading, thought broadcasting, thought control 3. Big concern is a delusion combined with “command hallucination” – where voice(s) are instructing the person to do something. Biggest risk of harm to others - Telling someone to do something bad with a delusion -Psychotic and command hallucination to tell me to hurt my children, that would cause a lot of conflict in me, but I know I am the type of person and mother to not do that HOWEVER, if I have a delusion WITH the command hallucination that the devil has taken over my children and the only way to set them free is to kill them, would believe this and do it

Answer 136

1. Blunting of emotions: appear unemotional even while talking about emotionally charged issues 2. Flat affect: blank expression, “robotic”- Not seeming engaged 4. Lack of initiative, apathetic- Sitting in their parents house, doesn’t want to leave, do anything 5. Often does not get better with medication 6. A lot of these patients end up losing their social support because of these negative symptoms

Answer 137

1. Loose associations 2. Word salad- Someone is talking and using real words, but doesn’t make sense 3. Neologisms (made up words) 4. Thought blocking (getting stuck) 5. Catatonia (strange postures- Get into weird positions like sculptures and hold that position 6. Echolalia- Repeating back what people say to them 7. Bizarre behavior often related to delusions/hallucinations (Stereotype- ex. Homeless, out on the street yelling, carrying on) 8. Hard to follow what these patients are talking about

Answer 138

1. antipsychotic (higher doses) 2. referral to community mental health center (which has prescribers, therapists, groups, help with jobs/functioning etc.) 3. support groups for pt. and/or caregivers

Answer 139

- Prognosis is typically poor compared to other mental health conditions - Unusual that someone gets back to baseline level of functioning - Tends to be very debilitating disease

Answer 140

- Especially when person is first diagnosed - Going along fine, and then whole life changes - Those that start of high functioning, higher risk because it is a higher shift for them

Answer 141

1. Depression with psychotic features with it 2. Often auditory hallucinations 3. When you treat this, hallucinations get better

Answer 142

1. Duration 1-6 months and my be able to still function | 2. Like a precursor to schizophrenia

Answer 143

1. The presence of a mood disorder and schizophrenia (look for psychotic symptoms when mood issues NOT present to differentiate from mania or psychotic depression) 2. Schizophrenia + Depression for ex. 3. Sometimes hard to differentiate mania vs schizophrenia: - Psychotic symptoms with schizophrenia, doesn’t have that up and down like it does in just BPD - Since we treat everything similarly, sometimes hard to differentiate this

Answer 144

1. A delusion of a least 1 month; absence of other schizophrenia symptoms - Ex. Delusion that there is a chip in my brain and listening to my thoughts, but everything else in my life is normal (no other symptoms) 2. Most people can function better as just delusional disorder vs. schizophrenia

Answer 145

1. Symptoms last 1-30 days but then person returns to complete normal functioning (usually in the context of a severe stressor) 2. Has psychotic episode and then revert back to normal Ex. Someone came to the door and told them their father died- patient developed psychotic symptoms (patient may not even remember it)

Answer 146

-Typically it is when they are on the medication or substance and are fine when they are off of it

Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder Flashcards

(173 cards)