Deprivation Flashcards
What is deprivation?
Loss of attachment figure
Attachment that has been formed is broken
What are the two types of deprivation?
Short term
Long term - effects can be irreversible
What are the causes of short term deprivation?
Day care
Divorce
Hospitalisation
What does P stand for in PDD (short term deprivation)?
Protest: children show great distress, calling and crying
for the absent caregiver, and appear panic-stricken
What does D (1) stand for in PDD (short term deprivation)?
Despair: children became calmer but apathetic as they showed little interest in
anything
Rejects comfort from others
Uninterested in other activities
Display self-comforting behaviours e.g. thumb sucking and rocking
What does D (2) stand for in PDD (short term deprivation)?
Detachment: children appeared to be coping with the separation
Showed more interest in their surroundings
Emotionally
unresponsive
Avoided forming new attachments and no interest was
shown when the caregiver returned
But most children re-established the relationship over time
What are the causes of long-term deprivation?
Divorce (no co-parenting)
Prison
Death
How can we reduce the effects of long-term deprivation?
Provide a continuous substitute figure
Daycare - caring figures for child to allow attachments to be formed
Reduce time spent away from the attachment figure
Minimise conflict in divorce
Maintain regular contact with estranged partners
Keeping up with routines that they had at home to help ease transition
Bringing comforting reminders from home for comfort and to ease transition
How is research into deprivation useful e.g. hospitals?
Parents visiting times were drastically improved to avoid maternal deprivation
What does Rutter think about deprivation?
Focuses on separation rather than the reasons for separation so conclusions about the damage done by separation during the critical period less valid
Why might research into deprivation lack temporal validity?
May not be relevant to today as hospitals have different policies now, allowing open visiting times and assigning key
workers to children
How does Olsavsky conflict research into deprivation?
Found that children who had been maternally deprived had a similar
response in the amygdala when seeing the mother or a stranger and were more indiscriminately
friendly
How does Spitz support research into deprivation?
Found being in an institution led to the children being depressed, especially if deprived of the mother for three months or more
How does Robertson & Robertson conflict research into deprivation?
Found that given good quality care children need not go through PDD process and can recover fully from Deprivation
