Derm Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
what are ephelis
A
freckles
2
Q
people with freckles has how many defective copy of MC1R gene
A
one
3
Q
ace spots
A
actinic lentigenes
4
Q
another that has elongated rate ridges
A
actinic letingenes
5
Q
melanocytci nave are
A
common moles
6
Q
child moose is
A
junctional
7
Q
intradermal nave is often
A
flesh coloured
8
Q
CDKN2A gene increases risk of
A
atypical naevi that need to be removed due to melanoma risk
9
Q
what is a difference between dysplastic naevi and melonoma
A
epidermis not affected in dysplastic naves
10
Q
blue naevi contain
A
dendritic spindle cells
11
Q
pink spot thing in under 20
A
spitz naevus
12
Q
seaborrhoeic keratosis is also called
A
basal cell papilloma
13
Q
what is the laser trelat sign
A
abrupt eruption of many seabrorheic keratosis which can suggest malignancy
14
Q
what is a proliferation of fibroblasts caused by reaction to insect bite
A
dermatofibroma
15
Q
describe a dermatofibroma
A
unchanging firm lesion, skin coloured or brownish
16
Q
dermoscopy of dermatofibroma shows
A
scar like white centre
17
Q
bulbous pemphigoid is what type hypersensitivity
A
2
18
Q
blisters are where in bullies
A
sub -epidermal
19
Q
bullous is typically where on skin
A
flexural regions
20
Q
what can be used as a steriod sparing agent in bulbous pemphigoid
A
tetracyclines
21
Q
pemphigus and vulgaris and bullous pepmogiid are usually in what ages
A
pemphigus - 40-60
bulllous- 60+
22
Q
bulbous pepmohoidg is what hypersensitivity
A
2
23
Q
pemphigus also affects
A
mucous membranes
24
Q
blisters are what in vulgaris
A
painful
25
chicken wire deposition of egg within epidermis
vulgaris
26
linear iGg
bullous
27
associated with HLA DQ2
dermatitis herpetiformis
28
dermatitis herpetiformis- IgA targets what
gliadin- but can cross react with tissue transglutimasne
29
what also causes sub epidermal blisters
dermatitis herpetiformis
30
papillary micro abscess
dermatitis herpetiformis
31
what can increase risk of small bowel lymphoma
dermatitis herpetiformis
32
corynebacterium acnes is what kind of bacteria
anaerobic
33
what can increase sebum
increased androgens
34
systemic treatment if under 12 for acne
erithromycin or clarithromycin
35
systemic treatment for ace and over 12
lymecycline or doxycycline or erithromycin/ clarithromycin
36
what is roaccutane
isotretinoin
37
what spares naso labial folds
rosacea
38
antibiotic if needed for rosacea
doxycycline
39
3rd line for rosacea
isoretinoin
40
what is thickening of the skin
rhinophyma
41
crusting in eczema indicates
staph aureus
42
monomorphic punched out lesions
eczema herpticum - hepres simplex
43
atopic dermatitis has mutation in what gene
fillagrin
44
filament does what
decreases AMP
45
nodular prig is very itchy nodules of atopic eczema seen in what patients
black
46
what will be present in dry related eczema
eosinophils
47
how is cradle cap (seaborrhoeic eczema) treated
tends to resolve with age
48
what is a sudden acute flare up of eczema where the spongiotic vesicles join together - classical side of fingers that are intensely itchy
Dyshidrotic eczema or pompholyx
49
biological agents for very severe atopic eczema target
IL4/13
50
swift withdraw of steroids can cause
rebound psoriasis
51
drugs that can precipitate psoriasis
beta blockers
lithium
anti malarial
52
hallmark of psoriasis
inflammation
53
are plaques reversible in posriaisi
yes
54
plasmacytoid produce what
interferon alpha
55
what is munro micro abscesses
complement attracts neutrophils to keratin layer
56
flexural psoriasis does not have ... and colonised by
scale and candida yeast
57
pustular psoriasis is petechiae and pustules on
palms and soles
58
erythdrodemris psoriasis characterised by
systemic illness
59
sebopsoriasis is colonised by
malassezia
60
palmoplantar psoriasis has
painful fissuring
61
what cell are particularly in the upper epidermis in psoriasis
neutrophils
62
coal tar is most commonly used for
scalp psoriasis
63
salicylic is a
keratinolytic
64
what phototherapy is used for plaque and gutter psoriasis
UVB
65
lichen planus is associated with hepatitis
C
66
irregular sawtooth acanthosis, cymoid bodies, hypergranuloss and orthohyperkeratosis
lichen Planus
67
mx for Leichen Plinus
steriod and antigiatmine both topical
68
most common drug eruption
exanthematous drug eruption
69
most commonly associated with drug eruption s
antibiotics
nsaids
anti epileptics
allopurinol
chloramphenicol
70
how long does drug eruption occur after taking drug
4-21 days after
71
aspirin for first time can cause
urticarial drug reaction
72
steriods can cause acne
73
what can cause drug induced bullous pemphigoid
acei, penicillin and furosemide
74
well demarcated round/. oval plaques which recur at the same time a drug is taken
fixed drug eruption
75
antibiotics associated with fixed drug eruptions are
tetracycline, doxycycline
76
drugs that can cause phottotoxic drug reaction
Nsais, diretics, amiodarone, tetracycline ad ciprofloxacin
77
drug causing immediate prickling
amioarone
78
exaggerated sunburn drugs
thiazides
79
skin prick testing can trigger what
SJS, TEN and DRESS so not indicated in those with severe cutaneous drub reactions
80
facial oedema
drug reaction with eosinophils and systemic symptoms (dress)
81
first lien for impetigo
fusidic acid
82
severe impetigo needs
flucloaxiclli or clarithrmycin with fusidic acid
83
cellulitis is more common in
diabetics
84
antibiotics for cellulitis
flucloaxicillin
85
causative organism of erysipelas
strep pyrogens
86
how does necrotising fasciitis present
ceulltiis that is not responding to infection
87
nec fast may also have
disproportionate pain , crepitus and purple skin
88
target lesions
erythema multiform or toxic epidermal necrolysis
89
what does skin do after chronic sun exposure
thickens
90
xeroderma pigmentsoum caused by deficiency in what
DNA repair mechanism
91
xeroderma pgmentosum presentation
severe photosensitivity, accelerated photo ageing
92
enzyme deficiency is acute intermittent porphoryia
porphobilinogne deaminase
93
symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria
acute abdomen
94
urine sines pink instead of blue in
prophoryia cutanea tarda
95
prophoryia cuaena tarda présents with
blistering lesions on sun exposed sites
96
erythropeotic is most seen in
children
97
enzyme deficiency in erythropeotic protoprophyria
fxrrochelastase
98
erythropoietin may not have rash but will have
burning and itching of skin on sun exposed sites - child screaming when they are placed out in sun
99
avoid what in erythropoietin
iron
100
vit a deficney presents as
keratitis follicular pupils om thighs and upper arms
101
vit k defiecny présents
bleeding tendency, easy bruising
102
vit B2 deificny (riboflavin)
painful red dry tongue
103
vit b3 deficiency (niacin)
pellagra - dermatitis, delirium, diarrhoea
104
vit C deficiency presets
hyperkeratosis around hair follicles, bent hairs, inflamed gums
105
zinc is vital for
wound healing
106
zinc deficiency
dermatitis rash of hands and feet
107
acrodermatis enteropathic is deficient in
zinc
108
what % of actinic keratosis turn into SCC
under 1%
109
what feels gritty and rough
actinic keratosis
110
photodynamic therapy
5-flurouracil and imiquimoid
111
what is a SCC in site
Bowens
112
Bowens has a strong link with
HPV 16 and 18
113
cryotherapy can be given for
bwoens and actinic keratosis
114
what is a rapidly growing epidermal tumour
keratoacanthoma
115
what develops as a red papule with a central crater like crusty keratinous plug
keratocanthoma
116
out of actinic keratosis and Bowens which one is full and which is partial thickness dysplasia of epidermal keratoinocytes
full - Bowens
117
most common malignant skin tumour
BCC
118
what has a defect of tyrosinase resulting in absence of melanin
albinism
119
rodent ulcer
BCC
120
whipcord Margin
BCC
121
infiltrative BCC characterised by
thickened yellowish plaques
122
what must be done if non surgical treatments are going to be used for a BCC
incision biopsy to check diagnosis
123
mohs microscopic surgery preferred for what BCC
infiltrative and tumours involving nasal creases as these are more likely to recur
124
vismodegib is a
hedgehog inhibitor for advanced cancer patients
125
treatment of choice for BCC
wide excision with histology
126
most common skin cancer in the imunocompised is
SCC
127
warty or hyperkeratoric crusted lump or ulcer
SCC
128
some acral melanomas have what mutations
c- kit
129
only what melanomas can metastasis
Vertical growth ones
130
nodular melanomas have no what
radial growth phase
131
satellite deposits when
local dermal lymphatics
132
satellite deposits suggest
melanoma
133
what is the first excisions for melanoma
narrow- to confirm diagnosis and asses breslow depth
134
what can assess metastasis in melanoma
sentinel lymph node biopsy
135
venous ulcers are cause by
elevation of venous pressure - veins dilate and valves become incompetent
136
venous insufficiency can be a rf for
DVT /PE
137
venous ulcer are
shallow
138
punched out appearance in foot
arterial ulcer
139
cold white and shiny
arterial ulcer
140
relieved at night by hanging legs of bed
arterial ulcer
141
what rules out arterial disease
duplex scan
142
blood in type 1 allergy 70-75% shows
specific iG E
143
do skin prick if
blood are negative
144
what confirms anaphylaxis
seum mast cell tryptase levels
145
plan for acute allergic reaction
first sign of reaction give chlopheanmine
2. if not resolve over next 30 mins then give prednisolone
3, if blue or collapses give adrenaline
146
diffuse plexiform neuroma
NF1
147
what may present as infantile seizures
tuberose sclerosis
148
shagreen patches and enamel pitting
tuberose sclerosis
149
periungal fibromas, facial angiofibromas(may cause seizure), hamatomas/ agniomylipmas, bone cysts
tuberose sclerosis
150
periungal fibromas, facial angiofibromas(may cause seizure), hamatomas/ agniomylipmas, bone cysts
tuberose sclerosis
151
tuberose sclerosis is autosomal
dominant
152
blister formation in response to mechanical trauma
epidermolysis bullosa
