Derm Flashcards
(15 cards)
Which drugs can trigger psoriasis?
BALI:
Beta blockers
Anti-malarials
Lithium
Indomethacin/NSAIDs
What is the Koebner phenomenon?
The Koebner phenomenon is where skin lesions occur at sites of skin injury in otherwise healthy skin.
It is a common trigger of psoriasis.
Lichen planus and vitiligo also demonstrate the Koebner phenomenon.
What is first line treatment for mild psoriasis?
1st: potent topical corticosteroid OD (eg Betnovate) + topical vitamin D OD (eg Dovonex) applied at different times
What is the 1st line treatment for systemic psoriasis?
1st: methotrexate
What type of hair loss does Alopecia areata cause?
Well demarcated areas of hair loss
What is erythema multiforme caused by?
Erythema multiforme (EM) is a hypersensitivity reaction that in 90% of cases is triggered by infection.
The commonest infective cause is Herpes simplex virus, but other causes include Mycoplasma, CMV, VZV.
Clinical features of erythema multiforme?
‘target-shaped’ lesion of three concentric rings of different colours. The rash starts on the palms/soles and spread up the limbs to the trunk.
What is haemolytic disease of the newborn caused by?
immune condition which develops after a rhesus negative mother becomes sensitised to the rhesus positive blood cells of her baby whilst in utero.
Clinical features of Heamolytic disease of the newborn
Normocytic anemia
Nucleated red cells
Hydrops foetalis appearing as foetal oedema in at least two compartments (for example pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, ascites), seen on antenatal ultrasound
Yellow coloured amniotic fluid due to excess bilirubin
Jaundice within 24 hours of birth
Hepatomegaly or splenomegaly
Severe oedema if hydrops foetalis was present in utero
How long is the incubation period for varicella zoster virus?
21 days
What dose of adrenaline is used for 12 and above in anaphylaxis?
What dose is for 11 and under?
500 micrograms
6 -11 years old = 300 micrograms
6 months - 5 years = 150 micrograms
0 - 6 months = 100-150 micrograms
How long is someone infective for when they have measles?
They are still infective for 4-5 days after appearance of the rash
How is the measles choice of diagnostic investigation affected by when patient presents?
If within 2 days of rash then PCR for measles mRNA.
If presented after 3 days of rash then test for measles-specific IgM and IgG serology.
What is bullous pemphigoid?
Blistering disorder that affects people >60. It has a prodromal phase with inflamed skin, making it very itchy, followed by tense subepidermal blisters
How long must a child stay off school after starting antibiotics for impetigo?
48 hours after starting abx therapy
