derm

Question 1

lesions at site of scalp pH monitor

Answer 1

neonatal HSV

Question 2

WBCs in pustular melanosis

Answer 2

PMNs

Question 3

WMBs in etox

Answer 3

eosinophils

Question 4

neonate with macular lesions, some with central vesicles

Answer 4

etox

Question 5

diffuse scaling and erythematous papules and pustules

Answer 5

cutaneous candidiasis

Question 6

what to think about with profuse seb derm, esp in ears

Answer 6

Langerhans Cell histiocytosis

Question 7

primary irritant vs allergic contact dermatitis

Answer 7

primary irritant: right away

allergic: requires multiple exposures

Question 8

pruritic rash on feet, minimal scale thickening of plantar surface, hyperlinearity of soles

Answer 8

juvenile plantar dermatosis
occlusive shoes and synthetic socks
tx: triamcinolone or other steroid

Question 9

plaques with pin-sized bleeding spots when picked off

Answer 9

psoriasis

Auspitz sign

Question 10

dry skin, scales that have pasted-on appearance, improves in heat/humidity, hyperlinear palms/soles

Answer 10

icthyosis vulgaris

AD

Question 11

findings in incontinentia pigmenti

Answer 11

patterned blistering
delayed teeth eruption
strabismus

XL dominant

Question 12

looks like ringworm but non scaling - without epidermal involvement

Answer 12

granuloma annulare

self limited

Question 13

papule on sole of foot with break in skin

Answer 13

swimming pool granuloma - mycobacterium marinum

Question 14

common triggers of erythema multiforme

Answer 14

HSV

Question 15

multiple target lesions with dusky center, staring extremities –> trunk

Answer 15

erythema multiforme

Question 16

boggy blue ulcers with necrotic base

Answer 16

pyoderma gangrenosum

Question 17

tx scabies

Answer 17

permethrin, including household contacts

Question 18

tx head lice

Answer 18

permethrin rinse, repeat in 1 week

treat close household contacts

Question 19

what happens if itching continues after lice treated

Answer 19

inflammatory reaction

tx steroid cream

Question 20

blue gray macules on abdomen/inner thigh

Answer 20

maculae ceruleae – means pubic lice

Question 21

what to do for crabs in eyelashes

Answer 21

petroleum jelly

Question 22

what’s seen in Wright staining of molluscum

Answer 22

viral inclusion bodies

Question 23

clustered erythematous papules with central punctum, that recur episodically, often at night; no affected family members

Answer 23

papular urticaria
delayed hypersensitivity reaction to insect bite
tx: identify causative agent

Question 24

MOA of salicylic cid

Answer 24

reduces formation of obstructive lesions

good for comedonal acne

Question 25

MOA of benzoyl peroxide

Answer 25

bactericidal | good for inflammatory > comedonal acne

Question 26

can you apply benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin together?

Answer 26

no - tretinoin won't work

Question 27

MOA of tretinoin

Answer 27

halts plugging of hair follicles good for comedonal acne can result in initial flare-up of acne

Question 28

when to use oral antibiotics for acne

Answer 28

mod to severe inflammatory acne

Question 29

oral antibiotics and OCPs

Answer 29

use back up birth control

Question 30

round well defined patches of complete hair loss, occurs suddenly, bulbs seen under shedded hairs

Answer 30

telogen effluvium

Question 31

pigmented lesions that flush and develop blisters

Answer 31

urticaria pigmentosa

Question 32

what medications should infants with urticaria pigmentosa avoid

Answer 32

narcotics, NSAIDs, contrast

Question 33

dx of langerhans cell histiocytosis

Answer 33

skin biopsy, electron microscopy

Question 34

hypopigmented patches that get worse with sun exposure

Answer 34

pityriasis versicolor Malassezia - dx KOH prep tx astringents and antifungals

Question 35

tx vitiligo

Answer 35

topical steroids | tacro

Question 36

other findings in Sturge Weber

Answer 36

developmental delay, seizures, hemiplegia, glaucoma/vision issues need MRI to eval for venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis

Question 37

tx of port wine stain

Answer 37

pulsed dye laser

Question 38

common infection that causes SJS

Answer 38

Mycoplasma

Question 39

brown/red plaque with scaling in axillae, groin, toe webs; bright red fluorescence with Woods lamp

Answer 39

erythrasma | tx: erythromycin + azole

Question 40

bad icthyosis in male neonate - what dz and what other findings?

Answer 40

X linked recessive icthyosis | GU anomalies - undescended testes, underdeveloped penis and scrotum

Question 41

port wine stain on lower extremities - what syndrome to consider

Answer 41

Klippel Trenaunay limb/soft tissue overgrowth vascular malformations

Question 42

criteria for dx of NF1

Answer 42

``` 6+ cafe au lait spots (>5mm in kids, >15mm post pub) iris hamartomas neurofibromas optic nerve gliomas inguinal/axillary freckling tibial pseudoarthrosis family hx ```

Question 43

inheritance NF1

Answer 43

AD | chromosome 17

Question 44

risks in NF1

Answer 44

pheochromocytoma renal artery stenosis monitor for HTN

Question 45

hearing loss/tinnitus, cataracts

Answer 45

NF2 | chr 22

Question 46

features of tuberous sclerosis

Answer 46

``` 3+ ash leaf spots periventricular/cortical tubers sebaceous gland hyperplasia (can look like acne) shagreen patch subungual fibroma cardiac rhabdomyoma retinal nodular hamartomas renal angiomyolipoma ```

Question 47

developmental abnormalities of teeth, nails, hair, sweat glands

Answer 47

ectodermal dysplasia

Question 48

recurrent blistering of the skin and mucosa, nail changes

Answer 48

epidermolysis bullosa

Question 49

dandy walker, large facial hemangioma, cerebral arterial anomalies, coarctation, microphthalmia

Answer 49

PHACE

Question 50

ANA in cutaneous lupus

Answer 50

speckled | Ro and La

Question 51

boy with frontal bossing, pegged teeth, absent sweating, periorbital wrinkling

Answer 51

hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia | XL recessive

Question 52

what to think of with childhood basal cell carcinoma

Answer 52

Gorlin syndrome AD risk of ovarian tumors, medulloblastoma

Question 53

unilateral irregularly speckles blue/gray facial discoloration

Answer 53

nevus of Ota | risk of cutaneous and ocular melanoma